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| {{Lyme disease}}
| | #REDIRECT[[Borrelia burgdorferi]] |
| {{CMG}}
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| ==Overview==
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| ==Cause==
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| {{main|Lyme disease microbiology}}
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| Lyme disease is caused by [[Gram-negative]] [[spirochetal]] [[bacteria]] from the [[genus]] ''[[Borrelia]]''. At least 37 ''Borrelia'' species have been described, 12 of which are Lyme related. The ''Borrelia'' [[species]] known to cause Lyme disease are collectively known as ''Borrelia burgdorferi'' sensu lato, and have been found to have greater [[genetic diversity|strain diversity]] than previously estimated.<ref name="Bunikis-a">{{cite journal | author=Bunikis J, Garpmo U, Tsao J, Berglund J, Fish D, Barbour AG | title=Sequence typing reveals extensive strain diversity of the Lyme borreliosis agents ''Borrelia burgdorferi'' in North America and ''Borrelia afzelii'' in Europe | journal=Microbiology | year=2004 | pages=1741-55 | volume=150 | issue=Pt 6 | pmid= 15184561 | url=http://mic.sgmjournals.org/cgi/reprint/150/6/1741.pdf | format=PDF}}</ref>
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| Until recently it was thought that only three genospecies caused Lyme disease: ''B. burgdorferi'' sensu stricto (predominant in North America, but also in Europe), ''B. afzelii'', and ''B. garinii'' (both predominant in Eurasia). However, newly discovered genospecies have also been found to cause disease in humans.
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| ==References==
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| {{reflist|2}}
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| | [[Category:Emergency mdicine]] |
| [[Category:Disease]] | | [[Category:Disease]] |
| | [[Category:Up-To-Date]] |
| [[Category:Infectious disease]] | | [[Category:Infectious disease]] |
| | [[Category:Ophthalmology]] |
| | [[Category:Neurology]] |
| [[Category:Dermatology]] | | [[Category:Dermatology]] |
| [[Category:Emergency medicine]] | | [[Category:Cardiology]] |
| [[Category:Intensive care medicine]] | | [[Category:Rheumatology]] |
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