|
|
| (56 intermediate revisions by 9 users not shown) |
| Line 1: |
Line 1: |
| {{Infobox_Disease |
| | __NOTOC__ |
| Name = Otalgia |
| |
| ICD10 = {{ICD10|H|60||h|60}} Otitis Externa {{ICD10|H|65||h|65}}&{{ICD10|H|66||h|65}} Otitis Media {{ICD10|H|92||h|90}} Otalgia |
| |
| ICD9 = {{ICD9|380.1}} Otitis Externa {{ICD9|381}} Otitis Media {{ICD9|388.7}} Otalgia |
| |
| ICDO = |
| |
| Image = |
| |
| Caption = |
| |
| OMIM = |
| |
| MedlinePlus = |
| |
| eMedicineSubj = |
| |
| eMedicineTopic = |
| |
| DiseasesDB = 18027 |
| |
| }}
| |
| {{Otalgia}} | | {{Otalgia}} |
|
| |
|
| '''For patient information click [[{{PAGENAME}} (patient information)|here]]''' | | '''For patient information click [[{{PAGENAME}} (patient information)|here]]''' |
|
| |
|
| {{CMG}} ; '''Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:''' [[User:Raviteja Reddy Guddeti|Raviteja Guddeti, M.B.B.S.]] [mailto:rgudetti@perfuse.org] | | {{CMG}} ; '''Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:''' [[User:Raviteja Reddy Guddeti|Raviteja Guddeti, M.B.B.S.]] [mailto:ravitheja.g@gmail.com] {{NE}} |
|
| |
|
| '''''Synonyms and keywords:''''' ear pain, earache | | '''''Synonyms and keywords:''''' Ear pain; earache |
|
| |
|
| | ==[[Otalgia overview|Overview]]== |
|
| |
|
| ==[[Otalgia overview|Overview]]== | | ==[[Otalgia classification|Classification]]== |
|
| |
|
| ==[[Otalgia pathophysiology|Pathophysiology]]== | | ==[[Otalgia pathophysiology|Pathophysiology]]== |
|
| |
| ==[[Otalgia epidemiology and demographics|Epidemiology and Demographics]]==
| |
|
| |
| ==[[Otalgia risk factors|Risk Factors]]==
| |
|
| |
|
| ==[[Otalgia causes|Causes]]== | | ==[[Otalgia causes|Causes]]== |
| [[Otalgia causes#Common causes|Common Causes]] | [[Otalgia causes#System based|System based]] | [[Otalgia causes#Alphabetical order|Alphabetical order]]
| |
|
| |
|
| ==[[Otalgia natural history, complications and prognosis|Natural History, Complications and Prognosis]]== | | ==[[Otalgia differential diagnosis|Differentiating otalgia from other Diseases]]== |
|
| |
|
| ==[[Otalgia diagnosis|Diagnosis]]== | | ==[[Otalgia epidemiology and demographics|Epidemiology and Demographics]]== |
| [[Otalgia diagnosis#history to be obtained|History to be obtained]] | [[ Otalgia diagnosis#physical exam|Physical Exam]] | [[Otalgia diagnosis#lab tests|Lab Tests]] | [[ Otalgia diagnosis#ecg|ECG]] | [[ Otalgia diagnosis#chest x ray|Chest X ray]] | [[Otalgia diagnosis#ct scan|CT Scan]] | [[ Otalgia diagnosis#mri|MRI]] | [[ Otalgia diagnosis#ultrasound|Ultrasound]] | [[Otalgia diagnosis#other imaging modalities|Other Imaging modalities]] | [[ Otalgia diagnosis#other diagnositc tests|Other Diagnostic tests]]
| |
| ==[[Otalgia treatment|Treatment]]==
| |
| '''I.'''[[Otalgia diagnosis#medical therapy|Medical therapy]]
| |
|
| |
|
| '''II.'''[[Otalgia diagnosis#surgical therapy|Surgical therapy]]
| | ==[[Otalgia risk factors|Risk Factors]]== |
|
| |
|
| | | ==[[Otalgia natural history|Natural History, Complications and Prognosis]]== |
| ==Primary otalgia== | |
| Ear pain can be caused by disease in the external, [[Middle ear|middle]], or inner ear, but the three are indistinguishable in terms of the pain experienced.
| |
| | |
| '''External''' ear pain may be:
| |
| * Mechanical: trauma, foreign bodies such as hairs, insects or cotton buds.
| |
| * Infective (otitis externa): ''[[Staphylococcus]]'', ''[[Pseudomonas]]'', ''[[Candida]]'', [[herpes zoster]], or viral myringitis. (See [[Otitis externa]])
| |
| | |
| '''Middle''' ear pain may be:
| |
| * Mechanical: [[barotrauma]] (often [[iatrogenic]]), [[Eustachian tube]] obstruction leading to acute [[otitis media]].
| |
| * Inflammatory / infective: acute otitis media, [[mastoiditis]].
| |
| | |
| ==Secondary otalgia==
| |
| Ear pain can be referred pain to the ears in five main ways:
| |
| * Via [[Trigeminal]] nerve [cranial nerve V]. Rarely, trigeminal [[neuralgia]] can cause otalgia.
| |
| * Via Facial nerve [cranial nerve VII]. This can come from the [[teeth]] (most commonly the upper molars, when it will be worse when drinking cold fluids), the [[temporomandibular]] joint (due to its close relation to the ear canal), or the [[parotid gland]].
| |
| * Via [[Glossopharyngeal]] nerve [cranial nerve IX]. This comes from the [[oropharynx]], and can be due to [[pharyngitis]] or [[tonsillitis]], or to [[carcinoma]] of the posterior third of the tongue.
| |
| * Via [[Vagus nerve]] [cranial nerve X]. This comes from the [[laryngopharynx]] in carcinoma of the [[pyriform fossa]] or from the [[esophagus]] in GERD.
| |
| * Via the second and third [[cervical]] vertebrae, C2 and C3. This ear pain is therefore postural.
| |
| | |
| Psychogenic otalgia is when no cause to the pain in ears can be found, suggesting a functional origin. The patient in such cases should be kept under observation with periodic re-evaluation.
| |
|
| |
|
| ==Diagnosis== | | ==Diagnosis== |
| It is normally possible to establish the cause of ear pain based on the history. It is important to exclude [[cancer]] where appropriate, particularly with unilateral otalgia in an adult who uses [[tobacco]] or [[alcohol]].<ref>{{cite journal | author = Amundson L | title = Disorders of the external ear. | journal = Prim Care | volume = 17 | issue = 2 | pages = 213-31 | year = 1990 | id = PMID 2196606}}</ref>
| | [[Otalgia history and symptoms|History and Symptoms]] | [[ Otalgia physical examination|Physical Examination]] | [[Otalgia laboratory findings|Laboratory Findings]] | [[Otalgia CT|CT]] | [[Otalgia MRI|MRI]] | [[Otalgia other imaging findings|Other Imaging Findings]] | [[Otalgia other diagnostic studies|Other Diagnostic Studies]] |
|
| |
|
| === Laboratory Findings === | | ==Treatment== |
| * [[Complete blood count]] (CBC)
| | [[Otalgia medical therapy|Medical Therapy]] | [[Otalgia interventions|Interventions]] | [[Otalgia surgery |Surgery]] | [[Otalgia primary prevention|Primary Prevention]] | [[Otalgia secondary prevention|Secondary Prevention]] | [[Otalgia cost-effectiveness of therapy|Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy]] | [[Otalgia future or investigational therapies|Future or Investigational Therapies]] |
| * Culture of otorrhea
| |
| | |
| === MRI and CT ===
| |
| * Head CT scan
| |
| | |
| === Other Diagnostic Studies ===
| |
| * [[Tympanometry]]
| |
| * [[Audiometry]]
| |
| | |
| == Treatment ==
| |
| * Warm compress
| |
| * Physical therapy, dental bite adjustment ([[TMJ]])
| |
| * Remove foreign bodies with a curette
| |
| | |
| === Pharmacotherapy ===
| |
| ==== Acute Pharmacotherapies ====
| |
| * Control pain with [[acetaminophen]], nonsteriodal anti-inflammatory drugs ([[NSAIDs]]), and topical [[benzocaine]] solution
| |
| * Antibiotics ([[otitis media]], [[otitis externa]], [[pharyngitis]] / [[tonsillitis]])
| |
| * [[NSAIDs]] for [[TMJ]]
| |
| * Steroid drops, 8% aluminum acetate +/- 2% acetic acid (otitis externa)
| |
| * Anti[[staphylococcal]] antibiotics, IV anti[[pseudomonal]] (malignant [[otitis externa]])
| |
| * Decongestants ([[barotrauma]])
| |
| | |
| ==See also==
| |
| * [[Earwax]]
| |
| | |
| ==External links==
| |
| *[http://www.seattlechildrens.org/child_health_safety/health_advice/earache.asp What to do if your child has earache] from Seattle Children's Hospital
| |
| | |
| *[http://www.healthbasis.com/ie_content/health%20illustrated%20encyclopedia/1/003046.htm Earaches - Causes, Considerations, Home Care and Prevention] from Healthbasis.com
| |
| | |
| ==References==
| |
| {{Reflist|2}}
| |
| | |
| {{SIB}}
| |
| | |
| [[it:Otalgia]] | |
|
| |
|
| | == Case Studies == |
| | [[Otalgia case study one|Case #1]] |
| | {{WikiDoc Help Menu}} |
| | {{WikiDoc Sources}} |
|
| |
|
| [[Category:Otolaryngology]] | | [[Category:Otolaryngology]] |
| | [[Category:Symptoms]] |
| [[Category:Signs and symptoms]] | | [[Category:Signs and symptoms]] |
| [[Category:Emergency medicine]] | | [[Category:Emergency medicine]] |
| [[Category:Pediatrics]] | | [[Category:Pediatrics]] |
| [[Category:Grammar]]
| |
|
| |
|
| |
| {{WikiDoc Help Menu}}
| |
| {{WikiDoc Sources}}
| |