Confusion laboratory findings: Difference between revisions
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{{Confusion}} | {{Confusion}} | ||
{{CMG}} ; | {{CMG}} ; {{AE}} {{ADI}} | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Several laboratory tests are available for evaluating confusion. It is a physician's role to choose the most useful test based upon the history of the person. For example, a patient presenting with confusion, severe neck stiffness, headaches, and fever should be evaluated for infective foci. | |||
== Laboratory Findings == | |||
* Serum | * A large number of tests are needed in patients that present with confusion. Most of the tests are to determine the cause of confusion. A careful history can reduce the burden of unnecessary tests. | ||
* Routine blood tests include a [[CBC]] to assess the general condition of the patient. | |||
* Serum [[creatinine]], [[glucose]], [[calcium]], [[electrolyte]]s. | |||
* Blood for toxins and drugs. | * Blood for toxins and drugs. | ||
* Urine analysis and culture | * Urine analysis and culture. | ||
* Blood culture if infectious cause has to be evaluated. | |||
* [[Blood gas]] analysis if any metabolic derangements are suspected. | |||
* Vitamin assays and cholesterol levels may indicate nutritional status. | |||
* Renal function tests and liver function tests are useful if they are the cause of confusion. | |||
* Assessments of hormone levels may be useful especially thyroid. | |||
* In cases of brain infections lumbar puncture is done and [[cerebrospinal fluid]] is evaluated. | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
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{{WH}} | {{WH}} | ||
{{WS}} | {{WS}} | ||
[[Category:Neurology]] | |||
[[Category:Emergency medicine]] | |||
[[Category:Psychiatry]] | |||
[[Category:Endocrinology]] | |||
[[Category:Intensive care medicine]] | |||
Latest revision as of 19:51, 2 June 2015
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] ; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aditya Govindavarjhulla, M.B.B.S. [2]
Overview
Several laboratory tests are available for evaluating confusion. It is a physician's role to choose the most useful test based upon the history of the person. For example, a patient presenting with confusion, severe neck stiffness, headaches, and fever should be evaluated for infective foci.
Laboratory Findings
- A large number of tests are needed in patients that present with confusion. Most of the tests are to determine the cause of confusion. A careful history can reduce the burden of unnecessary tests.
- Routine blood tests include a CBC to assess the general condition of the patient.
- Serum creatinine, glucose, calcium, electrolytes.
- Blood for toxins and drugs.
- Urine analysis and culture.
- Blood culture if infectious cause has to be evaluated.
- Blood gas analysis if any metabolic derangements are suspected.
- Vitamin assays and cholesterol levels may indicate nutritional status.
- Renal function tests and liver function tests are useful if they are the cause of confusion.
- Assessments of hormone levels may be useful especially thyroid.
- In cases of brain infections lumbar puncture is done and cerebrospinal fluid is evaluated.