Encephalopathy classification: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Encephalopathy can be classified based upon the underlying pathophysiology. | |||
==Classification== | ==Classification== | ||
There are many types of encephalopathy. | There are many types of encephalopathy. | ||
* [[Hepatic encephalopathy]] - Arising from advanced cirrhosis of the liver | * [[Hepatic encephalopathy]] - Arising from advanced [[cirrhosis]] of the [[liver]] | ||
* [[Hypoxic encephalopathy]] - Permanent or transitory encephalopathy arising from severely reduced oxygen delivery to the brain | * [[Hypoxic encephalopathy]] - Permanent or transitory encephalopathy arising from severely reduced oxygen delivery to the [[brain]] | ||
* [[Wernicke's encephalopathy]] - Arising from thiamine deficiency, usually in the setting of alcoholism | * [[Wernicke's encephalopathy]] - Arising from [[thiamine deficiency]], usually in the setting of [[alcoholism]] | ||
* [[Hashimoto's encephalopathy]] - Arising from an auto-immune disorder | * [[Hashimoto's encephalopathy]] - Arising from an [[auto-immune]] disorder | ||
* [[Hypertensive encephalopathy]] - Arising from acutely increased blood pressure | * [[Hypertensive encephalopathy]] - Arising from acutely increased [[blood pressure]] | ||
* [[Metabolic encephalopathy | * [[Metabolic encephalopathy]] | ||
Toxic Metabolic encephalopathy]] - A catch-all for brain dysfunction caused by infection, organ failure, or intoxication. | * [[Toxic Metabolic encephalopathy]] - A catch-all for brain dysfunction caused by [[infection]], [[organ failure]], or [[intoxication]]. | ||
* [[Uremic encephalopathy]] - Arising from high levels of toxins normally cleared by the [[kidneys]] -- rare where [[dialysis]] is readily available | |||
* [[Uremic encephalopathy]] - Arising from high levels of toxins normally cleared by the kidneys -- rare where dialysis is readily available | * [[MELAS|Mitochondrial encephalopathy]] - Metabolic disorder caused by dysfunction of [[mitochondrial]] DNA. It can affect many body systems, particularly the brain and [[nervous system]]. | ||
* [[MELAS|Mitochondrial encephalopathy]] - Metabolic disorder caused by dysfunction of mitochondrial DNA. | * [[Glycine encephalopathy]] - A pediatric [[metabolic]] disorder | ||
* [[Glycine encephalopathy]] - A pediatric metabolic disorder | |||
* [[Static encephalopathy]] - Unchanging, or permanent, brain damage | * [[Static encephalopathy]] - Unchanging, or permanent, brain damage | ||
* [[Transmissible spongiform encephalopathy]] - A collection of diseases all caused by prions, and characterized by "spongy" brain tissue (riddled with holes), impaired locomotion or coordination, and a high fatality rate. | * [[Transmissible spongiform encephalopathy]] - A collection of diseases all caused by prions, and characterized by "spongy" brain tissue (riddled with holes), impaired locomotion or coordination, and a high fatality rate. It includes [[bovine spongiform encephalopathy]] (mad cow disease), [[scrapie]], and [[Kuru (disease)|kuru]] among others. | ||
* [[AIDS natural history, complications, and prognosis|HIV encephalopathy]] - Neurological manifestation of AIDS, seen in terminally ill patients | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
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Latest revision as of 19:35, 30 July 2015
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Encephalopathy |
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Diagnosis |
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Encephalopathy classification On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Encephalopathy classification |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Encephalopathy classification |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] ; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aditya Govindavarjhulla, M.B.B.S. [2]
Overview
Encephalopathy can be classified based upon the underlying pathophysiology.
Classification
There are many types of encephalopathy.
- Hepatic encephalopathy - Arising from advanced cirrhosis of the liver
- Hypoxic encephalopathy - Permanent or transitory encephalopathy arising from severely reduced oxygen delivery to the brain
- Wernicke's encephalopathy - Arising from thiamine deficiency, usually in the setting of alcoholism
- Hashimoto's encephalopathy - Arising from an auto-immune disorder
- Hypertensive encephalopathy - Arising from acutely increased blood pressure
- Metabolic encephalopathy
- Toxic Metabolic encephalopathy - A catch-all for brain dysfunction caused by infection, organ failure, or intoxication.
- Uremic encephalopathy - Arising from high levels of toxins normally cleared by the kidneys -- rare where dialysis is readily available
- Mitochondrial encephalopathy - Metabolic disorder caused by dysfunction of mitochondrial DNA. It can affect many body systems, particularly the brain and nervous system.
- Glycine encephalopathy - A pediatric metabolic disorder
- Static encephalopathy - Unchanging, or permanent, brain damage
- Transmissible spongiform encephalopathy - A collection of diseases all caused by prions, and characterized by "spongy" brain tissue (riddled with holes), impaired locomotion or coordination, and a high fatality rate. It includes bovine spongiform encephalopathy (mad cow disease), scrapie, and kuru among others.
- HIV encephalopathy - Neurological manifestation of AIDS, seen in terminally ill patients