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| {{Infobox_Disease |
| | __NOTOC__ |
| Name = {{PAGENAME}} |
| | '''For patient information click [[{{PAGENAME}} (patient information)|here]]''' |
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| Caption = |
| | {{CMG}}; {{AE}} [[User: Prashanthsaddala|Prashanth Saddala M.B.B.S]] |
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| {{CMG}} | |
| {{Weight gain}} | | {{Weight gain}} |
| {{Search infobox}}
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| ==Overview==
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| '''Weight gain''' is an increase in [[body weight]]. It is generally caused by the intake of excess calories, little exercise, or may be caused by a medical condition. One exception is [[bodybuilding]], in which muscle is gained by workout routines. With a large differential diagnosis, weight gain is a prevalent complaint among adult patients.
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| It may be intentional or unintentional, sometimes for muscle building, or for health reasons, i.e. increasing body fat percentage to a healthy amount. Intentional reasons may include gaining weight to get to a healthy weight, bodybuilding, and recovery for eating disorders like Anorexia Nervousa.
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| See also [[obesity]] for a full discussion.
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| == Symptoms ==
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| * A noticibly larger, rounder [[stomach]].
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| * Increase in [[body fat percentage]].
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| * Increase in muscle mass.
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| * Increase in body hydration levels.
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| ==Causes==
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| ===Common Causes===
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| ===Causes by Organ System===
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| (By organ system)
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| {|style="width:80%; height:100px" border="1"
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| |style="height:100px"; style="width:25%" border="1" bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | '''Cardiovascular'''
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| |style="height:100px"; style="width:75%" border="1" bgcolor="Beige" | [[Alstrom syndrome]], [[Heart failure ]]
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| |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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| | '''Chemical / poisoning'''
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| |bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
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| |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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| | '''Dermatologic'''
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| |bgcolor="Beige"| [[Hypertrichosis brachydactyly obesity and mental retardation]]
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| |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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| | '''Drug Side Effect'''
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| |bgcolor="Beige"| [[4-Chlorodehydromethyltestosterone]], [[Aldesleukin ]], [[Amiodarone]], [[Amisulpride]], [[Amitriptyline]], [[Anastrozole ]], [[Aripiprazole ]], [[Asenapine]], [[Atenolol]], [[Azelastine]], [[Bisoprolol ]], [[Bosentan ]], [[Carteolol ]], [[Carvedilol ]], [[Chlorpropamide]], [[Chlorprothixene]], [[Ciprofloxacin]], [[Clomiphene ]], [[Clomipramine]], [[Clozapine]], [[Combined oral contraceptive pill]], [[Cyclosporine ]], [[Cyproheptadine]], [[Cyproterone]], [[Danazol]], [[Desonide]], [[Desoximetasone ]], [[Dexamethasone]], [[Diclofenac]], [[Dienogest]], [[Diflunisal ]], [[Disopyramide]], [[Docetaxel ]], [[Doxazosin ]], [[Doxepin]], [[Escitalopram]], [[Estrogen Injection]], [[Ethinylestradiol]], [[Etodolac ]], [[Fenoprofen ]], [[Fentanyl]], [[Fludrocortisone acetate ]], [[Gabapentin]], [[Gestrinone]], [[Glatiramer]], [[Glucocorticoid]], [[Goserelin]], [[Haloperidol]], [[Hormone replacement therapy]], [[Hydralazine ]], [[Hydrochlorothiazide]], [[Hydrocortisone]], [[Iloperidone]], [[Imatinib]], [[Imipramine]], [[Implanon]], [[Indomethacin]], [[Insulin]], [[Interferon beta-1a ]], [[Interferon beta-1b ]], [[Itraconazole]], [[Ketorolac]], [[Ketotifen]], [[Labetalol]], [[Levobunolol]], [[Levomepromazine]], [[Lithium ]], [[Lofepramine]], [[Maprotiline]], [[Meclofenamate]], [[Medroxyprogesterone]], [[Mefenamic acid]], [[Megestrol ]], [[Meglitinide]], [[Mesoridazine]], [[Methylprednisolone]], [[Metoprolol]], [[Mianserin]], [[Minoxidil]], [[Misoprostol]], [[Nabumetone]], [[Nadolol]], [[Nialamide]], [[Norplant]], [[NuvaRing]], [[Olanzapine]], [[Oprelvekin]], [[Oxandrolone]], [[Oxcarbazepine]], [[Oxymetholone]], [[Paliperidone]], [[Paroxetine]], [[Perphenazine]], [[Phenelzine]], [[Phenothiazine]], [[Pindolol]], [[Pioglitazone]], [[Piroxicam]], [[Pizotifen]], [[Prednisolone]], [[Pregabalin]], [[Progesterone]], [[Propranolol]], [[Quetiapine]], [[Ractopamine]], [[Reserpine]], [[Risperidone]], [[Rituximab]], [[Rofecoxib]], [[Rosiglitazone]], [[Salsalate]], [[Sargramostim]], [[Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors]], [[Sertindole ]], [[Sertraline]], [[Sirolimus ]], [[St John's wort]], [[Steroid medications]], [[Sulfonylureas]], [[Sulindac]], [[Sunitinib ]], [[Temozolomide ]], [[Terazosin]], [[Thiazolidinedione]], [[Thioridazine ]], [[Thiothixene]], [[Timolol]], [[Trazodone]], [[Trestolone]], [[Tretinoin]], [[Triamcinolone oral]], [[Tricyclic antidepressants]], [[Trifluoperazine]], [[Trifluperidol]], [[Valproic acid]], [[Venlafaxine]], [[Vigabatrin]], [[Ziprasidone]], [[Zotepine]]
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| |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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| | '''Ear Nose Throat'''
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| |bgcolor="Beige"| [[Metaphyseal dysostosis mental retardation conductive deafness ]]
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| |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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| | '''Endocrine'''
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| |bgcolor="Beige"| [[Achard-Thiers Syndrome ]], [[Acromegaly ]], [[Anophthalmia-short stature-obesity]], [[Cushing's syndrome]], [[Diabetes mellitus]], [[Froelich's syndrome]], [[Growth hormone deficiency]], [[Growth Hormone Receptor Deficiency]], [[HAIR-AN Syndrome]], [[Hashimoto's thyroiditis]], [[Hyperpituitarism ]], [[Hyperprolactinemia]], [[Hypothalamic tumor]], [[Hypothyroidism]], [[Laron Syndrome ]], [[Low Testosterone levels]], [[Lymphomatous thyroiditis ]], [[Mauriac syndrome]], [[Polycystic ovary Syndrome]], [[Prediabetes]], [[Pseudocyesis]], [[Renal tubulopathy-diabetes mellitus-cerebellar ataxia]], [[Riedel's thyroiditis]], [[Sub clinical hypothyroidism ]]
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| |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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| | '''Environmental'''
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| |bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
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| |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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| | '''Gastroenterologic'''
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| |bgcolor="Beige"| [[Budd-Chiari syndrome ]], [[Cirrhosis of the liver]], [[Functioning pancreatic endocrine tumor]], [[Hepatic veno-occlusive disease]], [[Hepatic veno-occlusive disease-immunodeficiency ]], [[Insulinoma]]
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| |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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| | '''Genetic'''
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| |bgcolor="Beige"| [[1p36 deletion syndrome]], [[Carpenter's syndrome]], [[Cohen Syndrome ]], [[Klinefelter syndrome ]], [[Macrosomia Obesity Macrocephaly Ocular abnormalities syndrome]], [[Maturity onset diabetes of the young]], [[X-linked mental retardation-short stature-obesity]], [[X linked mental retardation-precocious puberty-obesity]], [[Obesity due to congenital leptin deficiency]], [[partial 9p duplication]], [[Prader-Willi syndrome]], [[Pseudohypoparathyroidism]], [[Vasquez Hurst Sotos syndrome ]], [[Young Hughes syndrome]]
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| |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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| | '''Hematologic'''
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| |bgcolor="Beige"| [[Lipedema]], [[Lymphatic obstruction]], [[Milroy's syndrome]], [[Paget-Schroeder syndrome]]
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| |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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| | '''Iatrogenic'''
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| |bgcolor="Beige"| [[Excessive IV fluid]], [[Nelson's syndrome]], [[Orchidectomy]], [[Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome]], [[Retinoic acid syndrome]], [[Total parenteral nutrition ]]
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| |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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| | '''Infectious Disease'''
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| |bgcolor="Beige"| [[Elephantiasis]], [[Infectobesity]]
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| |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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| | '''Musculoskeletal / Ortho'''
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| |bgcolor="Beige"| [[Albright's hereditary osteodystrophy ]], [[Hyperostosis frontalis interna-obesity]], [[Morgagni syndrome]], [[Simpson-Golabi-Behmel syndrome]], [[Summitt syndrome ]], [[Urban rogers meyer syndrome ]]
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| |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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| | '''Neurologic'''
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| |bgcolor="Beige"| [[Astrocytoma]], [[Borjeson Syndrome ]], [[Borjeson-Forssman-Lehmann Syndrome ]], [[Chromophobe adenoma]], [[Clark-Baraitser syndrome ]], [[Craniopharyngioma]], [[Grahmann's syndrome]], [[Hydrocephalus obesity hypogonadism ]], [[Hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism]], [[Hypopituitarism ]], [[Mental retardation-blepharophimosis-obesity-web neck]], [[Mental retardation-epilepsy-bulbous nose]], [[Mental retardation-epileptic seizures-hypogonadism-hypogenitalism-microcephaly-obesity]], [[Mental retardation-nasal hypoplasia-obesity-genital hypoplasia]], [[X-linked mental retardation-gynecomastia-obesity]], [[Nguyen syndrome ]], [[Sengers-Hamel-Otten syndrome]], [[Sheehan's syndrome ]], [[Wilson-Turner X-linked mental retardation syndrome]]
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| |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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| | '''Nutritional / Metabolic'''
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| |bgcolor="Beige"| [[Hyponatremia]], [[Metabolic Syndrome ]], [[Overeating]], [[Zinc]]
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| |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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| | '''Obstetric/Gynecologic'''
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| |bgcolor="Beige"| [[Ovarian Cancer ]], [[Ovarian cyst]], [[Preeclampsia]], [[Pregnancy]]
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| |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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| | '''Oncologic'''
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| |bgcolor="Beige"| [[Adrenal carcinoma]], [[Adrenal incidentaloma]], [[Pituitary tumour ]]
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| |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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| | '''Opthalmologic'''
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| |bgcolor="Beige"| [[Aniridia ptosis intellectual deficit familial obesity]], [[Ayazi syndrome ]], [[Biemond syndrome type 2 ]], [[Laurence-Moon-Biedl syndrome]], [[Retinohepatoendocrinologic syndrome ]]
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| |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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| | '''Overdose / Toxicity'''
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| |bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
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| |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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| | '''Psychiatric'''
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| |bgcolor="Beige"| [[Atypical depression]], [[Binge eating disorder]], [[Bipolar disorder ]], [[Brief Psychotic Disorder]], [[Compulsive eating]], [[Depression ]], [[Disordered eating ]], [[Dysthymia ]], [[Night eating syndrome]], [[Premenstrual dysphoric disorder]], [[Premenstrual syndrome ]], [[Psychogenic dwarfism]], [[Schizophrenia]]
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| |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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| | '''Pulmonary'''
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| |bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
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| |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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| | '''Renal / Electrolyte'''
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| |bgcolor="Beige"| [[Nephrotic syndrome]], [[Polycystic ovaries urethral sphincter dysfunction]], [[Renal failure]], [[Wilms tumor - aniridia - genitourinary anomalies - mental retardation]], [[Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome]], [[Hypogonadism ]], [[Sohval-Soffer syndrome]]
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| |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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| | '''Rheum / Immune / Allergy'''
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| |bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
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| |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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| | '''Sexual'''
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| |bgcolor="Beige"| [[Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome]], [[Hypogonadism ]], [[Sohval-Soffer syndrome]]
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| |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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| | '''Trauma'''
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| |bgcolor="Beige"| [[Hypothalamic trauma]]
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| |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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| | '''Urologic'''
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| |bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
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| |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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| | '''Dental'''
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| |bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
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| |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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| | '''Miscellaneous'''
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| |bgcolor="Beige"| [[Aging]], [[Alcohol-induced pseudo-Cushing syndrome ]], [[Bodybuilding]], [[Bodybuilding]], [[Castration]], [[Doping ]], [[Emotional eating]], [[Familial obesity]], [[Force-feeding]], [[Idiopathic edema]], [[Immobility]], [[Normal growing adolescent]], [[Normal growing child]], [[Normal growing infant]], [[Oedema]], [[Reaction to prior dieting]], [[Sedentary lifestyle]], [[Sleep deprivation]], [[Sleep eating]], [[Smoking cessation]], [[Stress eating]], [[Weight cycling ]], [[Wilson's temperature syndrome]]
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| |}
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| ===Causes in Alphabetical Order===
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| == Laboratory Findings ==
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| *fasting glucose
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| *urinealysis
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| *U&E
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| *Random cortisol
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| == Primary Prevention ==
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| *Low calorie diet and excercise
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| ==References== | | ==[[Weight gain overview|Overview]]== |
| {{reflist|2}}
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| == Acknowledgements == | | ==[[Weight gain pathophysiology|Pathophysiology]]== |
| The content on this page was first contributed by {{CMG}}
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| List of contributors:
| | ==[[Weight gain causes|Causes]]== |
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| == Suggested Reading and Key General References == | | ==[[Weight gain risk factors|Risk Factors]]== |
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| == Suggested Links and Web Resources == | | ==Diagnosis== |
| | [[Weight gain history and symptoms|History and Symptoms]] | [[Weight gain physical examination|Physical Examination]] | [[Weight gain laboratory findings|Laboratory Findings]] | [[Weight gain other diagnostic studies|Other Diagnostic Studies]] |
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| == For Patients == | | ==Treatment== |
| | [[Weight gain medical therapy|Medical Therapy]] | [[Weight gain surgery|Surgery]] | [[Weight gain primary prevention|Primary Prevention]] | [[Weight gain secondary prevention|Secondary Prevention]] | [[Weight gain cost-effectiveness of therapy|Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy]] | [[Weight gain future or investigational therapies|Future or Investigational Therapies]] |
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| {{SIB}}
| | ==Case Studies== |
| {{WikiDoc Help Menu}} | | [[Weight gain case study one|Case #1]] |
| {{WikiDoc Sources}} | | {{WH}} |
| | {{WS}} |
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| [[Category:Gastroenterology]] | | [[Category:Gastroenterology]] |
| [[Category:Neurology]] | | [[Category:Neurology]] |
| [[Category:Endocrinology]] | | [[Category:Endocrinology]] |
| | [[Category:Symptoms]] |
| [[Category:Signs and symptoms]] | | [[Category:Signs and symptoms]] |
| [[Category:Obstetrics]] | | [[Category:Obstetrics]] |