Cephalhematoma: Difference between revisions
No edit summary |
No edit summary |
||
| (4 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown) | |||
| Line 5: | Line 5: | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{SI}} | {{SI}} | ||
{{CMG}} | {{CMG}} '''Assosciate Editor(s)-In-Chief:''' [[User: Prashanthsaddala|Prashanth Saddala M.B.B.S]] | ||
{{SK}} | {{SK}} Cephalhaematoma | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
| Line 13: | Line 13: | ||
[[Image:Scalp_hematomas.jpg|thumb|500px|none|Newborn Scalp Hematomata]] | [[Image:Scalp_hematomas.jpg|thumb|500px|none|Newborn Scalp Hematomata]] | ||
==Causes== | ==Causes== | ||
The usual causes of a cephalhematoma are a prolonged second stage of [[childbirth|labor]] or instrumental delivery, particularly [[ventouse]]. | The usual causes of a cephalhematoma are a prolonged second stage of [[childbirth|labor]] or instrumental delivery, particularly [[ventouse]]. | ||
==Differential Diagnosis== | |||
==Symptoms== | Cephalhematoma should be distinguished from another scalp bleeding called [[Subgaleal hemorrahge]] (also called Subaponeurotic Hemorrhage), which is blood between the scalp and skull bone (above the periosteum) and is more extensive. It is more prone to complications, especially anemia and bruising. | ||
==Diagnosis== | |||
===History and Symptoms=== | |||
If severe the child may develop [[jaundice]], [[anemia]] or [[hypotension]]. In some cases it may be an indication of a linear skull [[fracture]] or be at risk of an infection leading to [[osteomyelitis]] or [[meningitis]]. | If severe the child may develop [[jaundice]], [[anemia]] or [[hypotension]]. In some cases it may be an indication of a linear skull [[fracture]] or be at risk of an infection leading to [[osteomyelitis]] or [[meningitis]]. | ||
The swelling of a Cephalhematoma takes weeks to resolve as the blood clot is slowly absorbed from the periphery towards the centre. In time the swelling hardens (calcification) leaving a relatively softer centre so that it appears as a 'depressed fracture'. | The swelling of a Cephalhematoma takes weeks to resolve as the blood clot is slowly absorbed from the periphery towards the centre. In time the swelling hardens (calcification) leaving a relatively softer centre so that it appears as a 'depressed fracture'. | ||
===Lab tests=== | |||
No laboratory studies usually are necessary. | |||
===Imaging studies=== | |||
Skull X-ray or CT scanning is used if neurological symptoms appear. Skull radiography or CT scanning is also used if concomitant depressed skull fracture is a possibility. | |||
==Treatment== | |||
Usual management is mainly observation. Transfusion and phototherapy are necessary if blood accumulation is significant. Aspiration is more likely to increase the risk of infection. The presence of a bleeding disorder should be considered. | |||
== | |||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||
*[[Hematoma]] | *[[Hematoma]] | ||
*[[Subgaleal hemorrhage]] | *[[Subgaleal hemorrhage]] | ||
*[[Caput succedaneum]] | *[[Caput succedaneum]] | ||
[[Category:Obstetrics]] | [[Category:Obstetrics]] | ||
[[Category:Pediatrics]] | [[Category:Pediatrics]] | ||
[[Category:Disease]] | |||
{{WH}} | {{WH}} | ||
{{WS}} | {{WS}} | ||
Latest revision as of 19:45, 27 July 2012
Template:DiseaseDisorder infobox
|
WikiDoc Resources for Cephalhematoma |
|
Articles |
|---|
|
Most recent articles on Cephalhematoma Most cited articles on Cephalhematoma |
|
Media |
|
Powerpoint slides on Cephalhematoma |
|
Evidence Based Medicine |
|
Clinical Trials |
|
Ongoing Trials on Cephalhematoma at Clinical Trials.gov Trial results on Cephalhematoma Clinical Trials on Cephalhematoma at Google
|
|
Guidelines / Policies / Govt |
|
US National Guidelines Clearinghouse on Cephalhematoma NICE Guidance on Cephalhematoma
|
|
Books |
|
News |
|
Commentary |
|
Definitions |
|
Patient Resources / Community |
|
Patient resources on Cephalhematoma Discussion groups on Cephalhematoma Patient Handouts on Cephalhematoma Directions to Hospitals Treating Cephalhematoma Risk calculators and risk factors for Cephalhematoma
|
|
Healthcare Provider Resources |
|
Causes & Risk Factors for Cephalhematoma |
|
Continuing Medical Education (CME) |
|
International |
|
|
|
Business |
|
Experimental / Informatics |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Assosciate Editor(s)-In-Chief: Prashanth Saddala M.B.B.S
Synonyms and keywords: Cephalhaematoma
Overview
A cephalhematoma is a hemorrhage of blood between the skull and the periosteum of a newborn baby secondary to rupture of blood vessels crossing the periosteum. Because the swelling is subperiosteal its boundaries are limited by the individual bones, in contrast to a chignon.
Causes
The usual causes of a cephalhematoma are a prolonged second stage of labor or instrumental delivery, particularly ventouse.
Differential Diagnosis
Cephalhematoma should be distinguished from another scalp bleeding called Subgaleal hemorrahge (also called Subaponeurotic Hemorrhage), which is blood between the scalp and skull bone (above the periosteum) and is more extensive. It is more prone to complications, especially anemia and bruising.
Diagnosis
History and Symptoms
If severe the child may develop jaundice, anemia or hypotension. In some cases it may be an indication of a linear skull fracture or be at risk of an infection leading to osteomyelitis or meningitis.
The swelling of a Cephalhematoma takes weeks to resolve as the blood clot is slowly absorbed from the periphery towards the centre. In time the swelling hardens (calcification) leaving a relatively softer centre so that it appears as a 'depressed fracture'.
Lab tests
No laboratory studies usually are necessary.
Imaging studies
Skull X-ray or CT scanning is used if neurological symptoms appear. Skull radiography or CT scanning is also used if concomitant depressed skull fracture is a possibility.
Treatment
Usual management is mainly observation. Transfusion and phototherapy are necessary if blood accumulation is significant. Aspiration is more likely to increase the risk of infection. The presence of a bleeding disorder should be considered.