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| {{CMG}}
| | #REDIRECT [[Colon polyps]] |
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| ==Overview==
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| {{Infobox_Disease |
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| Name = Colon polyps |
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| Image = Polyp.jpeg |
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| Caption = Polyp of sigmoid colon as revealed by colonoscopy. Approximately 1 cm in diameter. The polyp was removed by [[cautery|snare cautery]] |
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| DiseasesDB = |
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| ICD10 = {{ICD10|K|63|5|k|55}} & various |
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| ICD9 = |
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| ICDO = |
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| OMIM = |
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| MedlinePlus = 000266 |
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| eMedicineSubj = med |
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| eMedicineTopic = 414 |
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| MeshName = Polyp |
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| MeshNumber = C23.300.825 |
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| }}
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| {{SI}}
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| A '''colorectal polyp''' (or '''colon polyp''') is a fleshy growth ([[polyp (medicine)|polyp]]) occurring on the lining of the [[colon]] or [[rectum]].<ref name="MedNet">{{cite web
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| | last =Santero
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| | first =Michael
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| | coauthors =Dennis Lee
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| | title =Colon polyp symptoms, diagnosis and treatment
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| | publisher =MedicineNet.com
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| | date =2005-03-25
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| | url =http://www.medicinenet.com/colon_polyps/article.htm
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| | accessdate =2007-10-25 }}</ref> Untreated colorectal polyps can develop into [[colorectal cancer]].<ref name="Medline">{{cite web
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| | last =Lehrer
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| | first =Jenifer K.
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| | title =Colorectal polyps
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| | publisher =[[MedlinePlus]]
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| | date =2006-07-25
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| | url =http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000266.htm
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| | accessdate =2007-10-25 }}</ref>
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| ==Symptoms==
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| Colorectal polyps are not usually associated with symptoms.<ref name="Medline" /> When they occur, symptoms include [[Fecal occult blood|rectal bleeding]], [[Blood in stool|bloody stools]], [[abdominal pain]] and [[fatigue (medical)|fatigue]].<ref name="Medline" /> A change in bowel habits may occur including [[constipation]] and [[diarrhoea]].<ref name="mayo">{{cite web
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| | title =Colon polyps
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| | publisher =[[Mayo Clinic]]
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| | date =2007-07-16
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| | url =http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/colon-polyps/DS00511/DSECTION=1
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| | accessdate =2007-10-25 }}</ref> Occasionally, if a polyp is big enough to cause a [[bowel obstruction]], there may be [[nausea]], [[vomit]]ing and severe constipation.<ref name="mayo" />
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| ==Screening and diagnosis==
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| Colorectal polyps can be detected using a [[faecal occult blood]] test, flexible [[sigmoidoscopy]], [[colonoscopy]], [[virtual colonoscopy]], [[digital rectal examination]], [[barium enema]] or a [[pill camera]].<ref name="mayo" />
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| ==Treatment==
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| Polyps can be removed during a colonoscopy or sigmoidoscopy using a wire loop that cuts the stalk of the polyp and [[cauterise]]s it to prevent bleeding.<ref name="mayo" /> [[Image:Colon cancer.jpg|thumb|200px|center|[[Gross examination|Gross]] appearance of a [[colectomy]] specimen containing two '''colorectal polyps''' and one invasive [[colorectal cancer|colorectal carcinoma]].]] Many "defiant" polyps — large, flat, and otherwise laterally spreading [[adenomas]] — may be removed [[endoscope|endoscopically]] by techniques that involve injection of fluid underneath them, to lift them and thus enable them to be taken out. These techniques, when they may be employed, are an alternative to a much-more-invasive [[colectomy]].<ref>[http://www.omed.org/downloads/pdf/publications/how_i_doit/2007/omed_hid_removing_large_or_sessile_colonic_polyps.pdf "How I Do It" — Removing large or sessile colonic polyps]. Dr. Brian Saunders MD FRCP; St. Mark’s Academic Institute; Harrow, Middlesex, UK. Retrieved April 9, 2008.</ref>
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| ==Structure==
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| Polyps are either pedunculated (attached to the intestinal wall by a stalk) or sessile (grow directly from the wall).<ref name="MC">{{cite book
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| | last =Classen
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| | first =Meinhard
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| | coauthors =G. N. J. Tytgat, Charles J. Lightdale
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| | title =Gastroenterological Endoscopy
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| | publisher =Thieme
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| | date =2002
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| | pages =303
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| | url =http://www.google.co.uk/books?id=sp0istaUg1AC&pg=PA314&d
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| | isbn =1588900134 }}</ref>
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| ==References==
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| {{Reflist}}
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| ==External links==
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| * [http://www.omed.org/downloads/pdf/publications/how_i_doit/2007/omed_hid_removing_large_or_sessile_colonic_polyps.pdf "How I Do It" — Removing large or sessile colonic polyps]. Dr. Brian Saunders MD FRCP; St. Mark’s Academic Institute; Harrow, Middlesex, UK. Retrieved April 9, 2008.
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| [[Category:Gross pathology]]
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| [[Category:Gastroenterology]]
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