Hepato-biliary diseases: Difference between revisions

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[[Image:Liver in Hodgkin disease 0001.jpg|thumb|The liver in Hodgkin disease]]
__NOTOC__
 
{{SI}}
{{SI}}
{{CMG}}
{{CMG}}


 
'''For the approach to a patient with liver disease, please click [[Approach to a patient with liver disease|here]].'''


==Normal Liver==
==Normal Liver==


<div align="left">
{|
<gallery heights="175" widths="175">
|-
Image:Livertop.jpg|View of Liver from the top
| [[Image:Livertop.jpg|View of Liver from the top]] || [[Image:Liverbottom.jpg|View of Liver from the bottom]]
Image:Liverbottom.jpg|View of Liver from the bottom
|}
</gallery>
</div>


=== Histopathological Findings of a Normal Liver===
=== Histopathological Findings of a Normal Liver===


<youtube v=eWME5fnIofs/>
{{#ev:youtube|eWME5fnIofs}}


==Viral hepatitis==
==Viral hepatitis==
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=== Histopathological Findings in Viral hepatitis===
=== Histopathological Findings in Viral hepatitis===


<youtube v=_hXvbpSxFZw/>
{{#ev:youtube|_hXvbpSxFZw}}


=== Histopathological Findings in Viral hepatitis with Fulminant Necrosis===
=== Histopathological Findings in Viral hepatitis with Fulminant Necrosis===


<youtube v=l4m3f2KCxLM/>
{{#ev:youtube|l4m3f2KCxLM}}


==Liver dysfunction in other infectious diseases <small> <ref>Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:77 ISBN 1591032016</ref> <ref>Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:68 ISBN 140510368X</ref></small>==
==Liver Dysfunction in other Infectious Diseases <small> <ref>Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:77 ISBN 1591032016</ref> <ref>Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:68 ISBN 140510368X</ref></small>==


* [[Hepatitis]]:  
* [[Hepatitis]]:  
** [[cytomegalovirus|cytomegalovirus infection]]
** [[Cytomegalovirus|Cytomegalovirus infection]]
** herpesviral: [[herpes simplex|herpes simplex infection]]
** Herpesviral: [[herpes simplex|Herpes simplex infection]]
* [[Toxoplasmosis]]  
* [[Toxoplasmosis]]  
* [[schistosomiasis|Hepatosplenic schistosomiasis]]
* [[Schistosomiasis|Hepatosplenic schistosomiasis]]
* [[Portal hypertension]] in [[schistosomiasis]]  
* [[Portal hypertension]] in [[schistosomiasis]]  
* [[syphilis|Liver disease in syphilis]]
* [[Syphilis|Liver disease in syphilis]]
* [[Epstein-Barr virus|Epstein-Barr virus infection]]
* [[Epstein-Barr virus|Epstein-Barr virus infection]]
* [[yellow fever|yellow fever virus infection]]
* [[Yellow fever|Yellow fever virus infection]]
* [[rubella|rubella virus infection]]
* [[Rubella|Rubella virus infection]]
* [[leptospirosis]]
* [[Leptospirosis]]
* [[Echinococcosis]]
* [[Echinococcosis]]
* [[Amoebiasis]]
* [[Amoebiasis]]


==Other inflammatory liver diseases==
==Other Inflammatory Liver Diseases==
* [[liver abscess]]
* [[Liver abscess]]
* [[autoimmune hepatitis]]
* [[Autoimmune hepatitis]]
* [[primary biliary cirrhosis]]
* [[Primary biliary cirrhosis]]
* [[phlebitis]] of the [[portal vein]]
* [[Phlebitis]] of the [[portal vein]]
* Granulomatous hepatitis
* Granulomatous hepatitis
* Hepatic granulomas in:  
* Hepatic granulomas in:  
** [[berylliosis]]
** [[Berylliosis]]
** [[sarcoidosis]]
** [[Sarcoidosis]]


==Alcoholic liver disease==
==Alcoholic liver disease==
Line 69: Line 66:
===[[Alcoholic hepatitis|Histopathological Findings of Alcoholic Liver Disease]]===
===[[Alcoholic hepatitis|Histopathological Findings of Alcoholic Liver Disease]]===


<youtube v=EBpeeIxuMuk/>
{{#ev:youtube|EBpeeIxuMuk}}


==[[Toxic liver disease]]==
==[[Toxic Liver Disease]]==
This includes mostly drug-induced [[hepatotoxicity]], which may generate many different patterns over liver disease, including  
This includes mostly drug-induced [[hepatotoxicity]], which may generate many different patterns over liver disease, including;
* [[cholestasis]]
* [[Cholestasis]]
* [[necrosis]]
* [[Necrosis]]
* [[acute hepatitis]] and [[chronic hepatitis]] of different forms,  
* [[Acute hepatitis]] and [[chronic hepatitis]] of different forms,  
* [[cirrhosis]]
* [[Cirrhosis]]
* [http://www.medicinenet.com/tylenol_liver_damage/article.htm Effects of Acetaminophen (Tylenol)]
* [http://www.medicinenet.com/tylenol_liver_damage/article.htm Effects of Acetaminophen (Tylenol)]
* other rare disorders like [[focal nodular hyperplasia]], hepatic granulomas, [[peliosis hepatis]] and [[veno-occlusive disease]].
* Other rare disorders like [[focal nodular hyperplasia]], hepatic granulomas, [[peliosis hepatis]] and [[veno-occlusive disease]].
Liver damage is part of [[Reye's syndrome]].
Liver damage is part of [[Reye's syndrome]].


=== Histopathological Findings: Liver: Centrilobular Necrosis from Chloroform ===
=== Histopathological Findings: Liver: Centrilobular Necrosis from Chloroform ===


<youtube v=yKgd5fuHXvo/>
{{#ev:youtube|yKgd5fuHXvo}}


==Liver tumors==
==Liver tumors==
Malignant [[liver tumour|neoplasm of liver]] and intrahepatic bile ducts. The most frequent forms are [[metastatic]] malignant neoplasm of liver)
Malignant [[liver tumour|neoplasm of liver]] and intrahepatic bile ducts. The most frequent forms are [[metastatic]] malignant neoplasm of liver)
* liver cell carcinoma   
* Liver cell carcinoma   
** [[hepatocellular carcinoma]]
** [[Hepatocellular carcinoma]]
** [[hepatoma]]   
** [[Hepatoma]]   
* [[cholangiocarcinoma]]
* [[Cholangiocarcinoma]]
* [[hepatoblastoma]]
* [[Hepatoblastoma]]
* [[angiosarcoma]] of liver   
* [[Angiosarcoma]] of liver   
* [[Kupffer cell]] sarcoma  
* [[Kupffer cell]] sarcoma  
* other sarcomas of liver
* Other sarcomas of liver


Benign [[liver tumour|neoplasm of liver]] include hepatic hemangiomas, [[Adenoma#Liver|hepatic adenoma]]s, and [[focal nodular hyperplasia]] (FNH).
Benign [[liver tumour|neoplasm of liver]] include hepatic hemangiomas, [[Adenoma#Liver|hepatic adenoma]]s, and [[focal nodular hyperplasia]] (FNH).


==End-stage liver disease==
==End-stage liver disease==
Chronic liver diseases like [[chronic hepatitis]], chronic [[alcohol abuse]] or chronic [[hepatotoxicity|toxic liver disease]] may cause  
[[Chronic liver disease]]s like [[chronic hepatitis]], chronic [[alcohol abuse]] or chronic [[hepatotoxicity|toxic liver disease]] may cause  
* [[hepatic failure]] and [[hepatorenal syndrome]]
* [[Hepatic failure]] and [[hepatorenal syndrome]]
* [[fibrosis]] and [[cirrhosis]] of [[liver]]
* [[Fibrosis]] and [[cirrhosis]] of [[liver]]
[[Cirrhosis]] may also occur in [[primary biliary cirrhosis]]. Rarely, [[cirrhosis]] is congenital.
[[Cirrhosis]] may also occur in [[primary biliary cirrhosis]]. Rarely, [[cirrhosis]] is congenital.


==Metabolic diseases==
==Metabolic diseases (Chapter E in ICD-10)==
* '''metabolic diseases''' (chapter E in ICD-10)
* [[Haemochromatosis]]
** [[haemochromatosis]]
* [[Wilson's disease]]
** [[Wilson's disease]]
* [[Gilbert's syndrome]]
** [[Gilbert's syndrome]]
* [[Crigler-Najjar syndrome]]
** [[Crigler-Najjar syndrome]]
* [[Dubin-Johnson syndrome]]
** [[Dubin-Johnson syndrome]]
* [[Rotor's syndrome]]
** [[Rotor's syndrome]]


==Vascular disorders==
==Vascular Disorders==
* chronic passive congestion of liver
* Chronic passive congestion of liver
* central haemorrhagic necrosis of liver
* Central haemorrhagic necrosis of liver
* [[infarction]] of liver
* [[Infarction]] of liver
* [[peliosis hepatis]]
* [[Peliosis hepatis]]
* [[veno-occlusive disease]]
* [[Veno-occlusive disease]]
* [[portal hypertension]]
* [[Portal hypertension]]
* [[Budd-Chiari syndrome]]
* [[Budd-Chiari syndrome]]


==Cysts==
==Cysts==
* [[congenital]] cystic disease of liver
* [[Congenital]] cystic disease of liver
* [[Cyst]]s caused by [[Echinococcus]]
* [[Cyst]]s caused by [[Echinococcus]]


Line 131: Line 127:
==Gallbladder and biliary tract diseases==
==Gallbladder and biliary tract diseases==


* [[malignant]] [[Gall bladder#Gallbladder Cancer|neoplasm of the gallbladder]]
* [[Malignant]] [[Gall bladder#Gallbladder Cancer|neoplasm of the gallbladder]]
* malignant neoplasm of other parts of biliary tract
* Malignant neoplasm of other parts of biliary tract
** extrahepatic bile duct   
** Extrahepatic bile duct   
** [[ampulla of Vater]]
** [[Ampulla of Vater]]
* [[cholelithiasis]]
* [[Cholelithiasis]]
* [[cholecystitis]]
* [[Cholecystitis]]
* others (excluding [[postcholecystectomy syndrome]]), but including
* Others (excluding [[postcholecystectomy syndrome]]), but including
** other obstructions of the gallbladder (like strictures
** Other obstructions of the gallbladder (like strictures
** [[hydrops]], [[perforation]], [[fistula]]
** [[Hydrops]], [[perforation]], [[fistula]]
** [[cholesterolosis]]
** [[Cholesterolosis]]
** biliary dyskinesia
** Biliary dyskinesia
* K83: other diseases of the [[biliary tract]]:
* K83: other diseases of the [[biliary tract]]:
** [[cholangitis]] (including [[ascending cholangitis]] and [[primary sclerosing cholangitis]])
** [[Cholangitis]] (including [[ascending cholangitis]] and [[primary sclerosing cholangitis]])
** obstruction, [[perforation]], [[fistula]] of [[biliary tract]]
** Obstruction, [[perforation]], [[fistula]] of [[biliary tract]]
** [[spasm]] of [[sphincter of Oddi]]
** [[Spasm]] of [[sphincter of Oddi]]
** biliary [[cyst]]
** Biliary [[cyst]]
** [[biliary atresia]]
** [[Biliary atresia]]


=Diagnosis=
=Diagnosis=
In hepatology, important [[signs]] and [[symptoms]] include:  
In hepatology, important [[signs]] and [[symptoms]] include:  
* history of [[alcohol abuse]]
* History of [[alcohol abuse]]
* [[liver function tests]]
* [[Liver function tests]]
* [[hepatomegaly]]
* [[Hepatomegaly]]
* [[hypoalbuminemia]] and [[ascites]]
* [[Hypoalbuminemia]] and [[ascites]]
* [[jaundice]] or [[icterus]]
* [[Jaundice]] or [[icterus]]
* [[Murphy's sign]]
* [[Murphy's sign]]
* [[liver biopsy]]
* [[Liver biopsy]]


==Complete Differential Diagnosis of Causes of {{PAGENAME}}==
==Complete Differential Diagnosis of Causes of {{PAGENAME}}==
Line 289: Line 285:
* [[Liver#Liver transplantation|Liver transplantion]]
* [[Liver#Liver transplantation|Liver transplantion]]
* [[Cholecystectomy]]
* [[Cholecystectomy]]
{{MedCondContrAbs|MedCond = Active liver disease|Amlodipine besylate and Atorvastatin calcium trihydrate|Methyldopa|Rosuvastatin|Hydroxyprogesterone caproate}}
{{MedCondContrAbs|MedCond = Marked liver dysfunction|Danazol|Methazolamide}}
{{MedCondContrAbs|MedCond = Liver dysfunction|Clomifene|Medroxyprogesterone|Progesterone}}


==Histopathological Findings in Liver Diseases==
==Histopathological Findings in Liver Diseases==
Line 294: Line 294:
===[[Liver]]: [[Cryptococcosis]]===
===[[Liver]]: [[Cryptococcosis]]===


<youtube v=QHJijnGknLM/>
{{#ev:youtube|QHJijnGknLM}}


===[[Liver]]: [[Cytomegalic inclusion disease]]===
===[[Liver]]: [[Cytomegalic inclusion disease]]===


<youtube v=mRb8o-Adqa4/>
{{#ev:youtube|mRb8o-Adqa4}}


===[[Liver]]: [[Echinococcus cyst]]===
===[[Liver]]: [[Echinococcus cyst]]===


<youtube v=ANUbdXpzcNc/>
{{#ev:youtube|ANUbdXpzcNc}}


===[[Liver]]: [[Histoplasmosis]]===
===[[Liver]]: [[Histoplasmosis]]===


<youtube v=uzoQEtQb7Ng/>
{{#ev:youtube|uzoQEtQb7Ng}}


===[[Liver]] & [[Spleen]] in [[Malaria]]===
===[[Liver]] & [[Spleen]] in [[Malaria]]===


<youtube v=zrdPA9BJ2xU/>
{{#ev:youtube|zrdPA9BJ2xU}}


===[[Liver]]: [[Alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency]]===
===[[Liver]]: [[Alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency]]===


<youtube v=YxB04tGvqd0/>
{{#ev:youtube|YxB04tGvqd0}}


=== Liver: Cardiac sclerosis (cardiac cirrhosis)===
=== Liver: Cardiac sclerosis (cardiac cirrhosis)===


<youtube v=a2L6gwoOw70/>
{{#ev:youtube|a2L6gwoOw70}}


=== Liver: Centrilobular necrosis from chloroform===
=== Liver: Centrilobular necrosis from chloroform===


<youtube v=yKgd5fuHXvo/>
{{#ev:youtube|yKgd5fuHXvo}}


=== Liver: Chronic active hepatitis, cirrhosis===
=== Liver: Chronic active hepatitis, cirrhosis===


<youtube v=CzKGvWZrUpU/>
{{#ev:youtube|CzKGvWZrUpU}}


=== Liver: Cirrhosis (micronodular)===
=== Liver: Cirrhosis (micronodular)===


<youtube v=CV8OYeIUXko/>
{{#ev:youtube|CV8OYeIUXko}}


=== Liver: Congenital cytomegalovirus disease===
=== Liver: Congenital cytomegalovirus disease===


<youtube v=Daz7gH0kYY0/>
{{#ev:youtube|Daz7gH0kYY0}}


=== Liver: Erythroblastosis fetalis===
=== Liver: Erythroblastosis fetalis===


<youtube v=eGvN-lnTUYU/>
{{#ev:youtube|eGvN-lnTUYU}}


=== Fulminant hepatitis (massive hepatic necrosis)===
=== Fulminant hepatitis (massive hepatic necrosis)===


<youtube v=G5G9AnVhqhI/>
{{#ev:youtube|G5G9AnVhqhI}}


=== Liver: Hepatitis, yellow fever virus===
=== Liver: Hepatitis, yellow fever virus===


<youtube v=YvraLxq6S8w/>
{{#ev:youtube|YvraLxq6S8w}}


=== Herpes hepatitis===
=== Herpes hepatitis===


<youtube v=9nXYYz6SQio/>
{{#ev:youtube|9nXYYz6SQio}}




Line 356: Line 356:
=== Liver: Traumatic hemorrhage===
=== Liver: Traumatic hemorrhage===


<youtube v=dx6BesX27c0/>
{{#ev:youtube|dx6BesX27c0}}


=== [[Liver]]: [[Viral hepatitis]]===
=== [[Liver]]: [[Viral hepatitis]]===


<youtube v=_hXvbpSxFZw/>
{{#ev:youtube|_hXvbpSxFZw}}


=== [[Liver]]: [[Acute liver failure|Viral hepatitis with fulminant necrosis]]===
=== [[Liver]]: [[Acute liver failure|Viral hepatitis with fulminant necrosis]]===
Line 366: Line 366:
Fulminant hepatitis (massive hepatic necrosis) is an [[acute liver failure]] (<1 month) resulting in rapid hepatic compensation characterized by synthetic dysfunction ([[hypoglycemia]], [[coagulopathy]]), [[coma]] ([[cerebral edema]], [[hepatic encephalopathy]]) and associated with infectious, renal, pulmonary and metabolic complications.
Fulminant hepatitis (massive hepatic necrosis) is an [[acute liver failure]] (<1 month) resulting in rapid hepatic compensation characterized by synthetic dysfunction ([[hypoglycemia]], [[coagulopathy]]), [[coma]] ([[cerebral edema]], [[hepatic encephalopathy]]) and associated with infectious, renal, pulmonary and metabolic complications.


<youtube v=l4m3f2KCxLM/>
{{#ev:youtube|l4m3f2KCxLM}}
 
{{MedCondContrAbs|MedCond = Active liver disease|Rosuvastatin}}


=== [[Liver]]: [[Wilson disease]]===
=== [[Liver]]: [[Wilson disease]]===


<youtube v=ussRBz7O-vs/>
{{#ev:youtube|ussRBz7O-vs}}


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist|2}}
{{Reflist|2}}


{{Gastroenterology}}
{{WH}}
{{WS}}


{{Gastroenterology}}
[[tr:Karaciğer ve Safra Kesesi Hastalıkları]]


[[Category:Gastroenterology]]
[[Category:Gastroenterology]]
[[Category:Hepatology]]
[[Category:Hepatology]]
[[tr:Karaciğer ve Safra Kesesi Hastalıkları]]
{{WikiDoc Help Menu}}
{{WikiDoc Sources}}

Latest revision as of 22:07, 29 July 2020

WikiDoc Resources for Hepato-biliary diseases

Articles

Most recent articles on Hepato-biliary diseases

Most cited articles on Hepato-biliary diseases

Review articles on Hepato-biliary diseases

Articles on Hepato-biliary diseases in N Eng J Med, Lancet, BMJ

Media

Powerpoint slides on Hepato-biliary diseases

Images of Hepato-biliary diseases

Photos of Hepato-biliary diseases

Podcasts & MP3s on Hepato-biliary diseases

Videos on Hepato-biliary diseases

Evidence Based Medicine

Cochrane Collaboration on Hepato-biliary diseases

Bandolier on Hepato-biliary diseases

TRIP on Hepato-biliary diseases

Clinical Trials

Ongoing Trials on Hepato-biliary diseases at Clinical Trials.gov

Trial results on Hepato-biliary diseases

Clinical Trials on Hepato-biliary diseases at Google

Guidelines / Policies / Govt

US National Guidelines Clearinghouse on Hepato-biliary diseases

NICE Guidance on Hepato-biliary diseases

NHS PRODIGY Guidance

FDA on Hepato-biliary diseases

CDC on Hepato-biliary diseases

Books

Books on Hepato-biliary diseases

News

Hepato-biliary diseases in the news

Be alerted to news on Hepato-biliary diseases

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Commentary

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Definitions

Definitions of Hepato-biliary diseases

Patient Resources / Community

Patient resources on Hepato-biliary diseases

Discussion groups on Hepato-biliary diseases

Patient Handouts on Hepato-biliary diseases

Directions to Hospitals Treating Hepato-biliary diseases

Risk calculators and risk factors for Hepato-biliary diseases

Healthcare Provider Resources

Symptoms of Hepato-biliary diseases

Causes & Risk Factors for Hepato-biliary diseases

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Treatment of Hepato-biliary diseases

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CME Programs on Hepato-biliary diseases

International

Hepato-biliary diseases en Espanol

Hepato-biliary diseases en Francais

Business

Hepato-biliary diseases in the Marketplace

Patents on Hepato-biliary diseases

Experimental / Informatics

List of terms related to Hepato-biliary diseases

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

For the approach to a patient with liver disease, please click here.

Normal Liver

View of Liver from the top View of Liver from the bottom

Histopathological Findings of a Normal Liver

{{#ev:youtube|eWME5fnIofs}}

Viral hepatitis

Histopathological Findings in Viral hepatitis

{{#ev:youtube|_hXvbpSxFZw}}

Histopathological Findings in Viral hepatitis with Fulminant Necrosis

{{#ev:youtube|l4m3f2KCxLM}}

Liver Dysfunction in other Infectious Diseases [1] [2]

Other Inflammatory Liver Diseases

Alcoholic liver disease

This may cause fatty liver, hepatitis, fibrosis and sclerosis leading to cirrhosis and finally hepatic failure.

Histopathological Findings of Alcoholic Liver Disease

{{#ev:youtube|EBpeeIxuMuk}}

Toxic Liver Disease

This includes mostly drug-induced hepatotoxicity, which may generate many different patterns over liver disease, including;

Liver damage is part of Reye's syndrome.

Histopathological Findings: Liver: Centrilobular Necrosis from Chloroform

{{#ev:youtube|yKgd5fuHXvo}}

Liver tumors

Malignant neoplasm of liver and intrahepatic bile ducts. The most frequent forms are metastatic malignant neoplasm of liver)

Benign neoplasm of liver include hepatic hemangiomas, hepatic adenomas, and focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH).

End-stage liver disease

Chronic liver diseases like chronic hepatitis, chronic alcohol abuse or chronic toxic liver disease may cause

Cirrhosis may also occur in primary biliary cirrhosis. Rarely, cirrhosis is congenital.

Metabolic diseases (Chapter E in ICD-10)

Vascular Disorders

Cysts

Others

Amyloid degeneration of liver

Gallbladder and biliary tract diseases

Diagnosis

In hepatology, important signs and symptoms include:

Complete Differential Diagnosis of Causes of Hepato-biliary diseases

Autoimmune, Systemic

Cholestatic

Infection

Liver Changes

Metabolic

Other

Treatment

Includes:


Active liver disease is considered an absolute contraindication to the use of the following medications:

Marked liver dysfunction is considered an absolute contraindication to the use of the following medications:

Liver dysfunction is considered an absolute contraindication to the use of the following medications:

Histopathological Findings in Liver Diseases

Liver: Cryptococcosis

{{#ev:youtube|QHJijnGknLM}}

Liver: Cytomegalic inclusion disease

{{#ev:youtube|mRb8o-Adqa4}}

Liver: Echinococcus cyst

{{#ev:youtube|ANUbdXpzcNc}}

Liver: Histoplasmosis

{{#ev:youtube|uzoQEtQb7Ng}}

Liver & Spleen in Malaria

{{#ev:youtube|zrdPA9BJ2xU}}

Liver: Alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency

{{#ev:youtube|YxB04tGvqd0}}

Liver: Cardiac sclerosis (cardiac cirrhosis)

{{#ev:youtube|a2L6gwoOw70}}

Liver: Centrilobular necrosis from chloroform

{{#ev:youtube|yKgd5fuHXvo}}

Liver: Chronic active hepatitis, cirrhosis

{{#ev:youtube|CzKGvWZrUpU}}

Liver: Cirrhosis (micronodular)

{{#ev:youtube|CV8OYeIUXko}}

Liver: Congenital cytomegalovirus disease

{{#ev:youtube|Daz7gH0kYY0}}

Liver: Erythroblastosis fetalis

{{#ev:youtube|eGvN-lnTUYU}}

Fulminant hepatitis (massive hepatic necrosis)

{{#ev:youtube|G5G9AnVhqhI}}

Liver: Hepatitis, yellow fever virus

{{#ev:youtube|YvraLxq6S8w}}

Herpes hepatitis

{{#ev:youtube|9nXYYz6SQio}}


Liver: Traumatic hemorrhage

{{#ev:youtube|dx6BesX27c0}}

Liver: Viral hepatitis

{{#ev:youtube|_hXvbpSxFZw}}

Liver: Viral hepatitis with fulminant necrosis

Fulminant hepatitis (massive hepatic necrosis) is an acute liver failure (<1 month) resulting in rapid hepatic compensation characterized by synthetic dysfunction (hypoglycemia, coagulopathy), coma (cerebral edema, hepatic encephalopathy) and associated with infectious, renal, pulmonary and metabolic complications.

{{#ev:youtube|l4m3f2KCxLM}}


Active liver disease is considered an absolute contraindication to the use of the following medications:

Liver: Wilson disease

{{#ev:youtube|ussRBz7O-vs}}

References

  1. ↑ Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:77 ISBN 1591032016
  2. ↑ Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:68 ISBN 140510368X

Template:Gastroenterology Template:WH Template:WS

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