Zinc pyrithione: Difference between revisions

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{{Chembox new
{{DrugProjectFormSinglePage
| ImageFile =
|authorTag={{AP}}
| ImageSize =  
|OTC=Yes
| IUPACName = bis(2-pyridylthio)zinc 1,1'-dioxide, zinc OMADINE
|genericName=Pyrithione zinc
| OtherNames = ZnP, pyrithione zinc
|aOrAn=an
| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers
|drugClass=shampoo
|   CASNo = 13463-41-7
|indicationType=prophylaxis
|   PubChem = 24895737
|indication=flaking and itching recurrence associated with [[dandruff]]
|   SMILES =  
|adverseReactions=irritation of mucous membranes
  }}
|blackBoxWarningTitle=<b><span style="color:#FF0000;">TITLE</span></b>
| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties
|blackBoxWarningBody=<i><span style="color:#FF0000;">Condition Name:</span></i> (Content)
|  Formula = C<sub>10</sub>H<sub>8</sub>N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>S<sub>2</sub>Zn
|fdaLIADAdult=====Use Directions====
|   MolarMass = 317.70 g/mol
*1.- Wet hair
|   Appearance = colourless solid
*2.- Squeeze small amount into palm
|   Density =  
*3.- Lather
|   MeltingPt =  
*4.- Rinse well
|  BoilingPt = decomp.
|offLabelAdultGuideSupport=There is limited information regarding <i>Off-Label Guideline-Supported Use</i> of Zinc pyrithione in adult patients.
|  Solubility = 8 ppm (pH 7)
|offLabelAdultNoGuideSupport=There is limited information regarding <i>Off-Label Non–Guideline-Supported Use</i> of Zinc pyrithione in adult patients.
  }}
|fdaLIADPed=====Use Directions====
| Section3 = {{Chembox Hazards
*1.- Wet hair
|   MainHazards =  
*2.- Squeeze small amount into palm
|   FlashPt =
*3.- Lather
|   Autoignition =  
*4.- Rinse well
  }}
|offLabelPedGuideSupport=There is limited information regarding <i>Off-Label Guideline-Supported Use</i> of Zinc pyrithione in pediatric patients.
|offLabelPedNoGuideSupport=There is limited information regarding <i>Off-Label Non–Guideline-Supported Use</i> of Zinc pyrithione in pediatric patients.
|warnings=*For external use only.
*Keep this and all drugs out of reach of children If swallowed get medical help or contact a Poison Control Center right away.
*Stop use and ask a doctor if condition does not improve or worsen after regular use of this product as directed
*When using this product, avoid contact with eyes. If contact occurs, rinse eyes with plenty of water.
|drugBox=[[file:Zinc Pyrithione Chembox.png|none|300px]]
|packLabel=[[file:Zinc pyrithione Appearance.png|none|400px]]
[[file:Zinc pyrithion Package.png|none|300px]]
|alcohol=Alcohol-Zinc pyrithione interaction has not been established. Talk to your doctor about the effects of taking alcohol with this medication.
}}
}}
<!--{{Drugbox|
|IUPAC_name =
| image=Zinc pyrithione.png
| width=208px
| CAS_number=
| ATC_prefix=D11
| ATC_suffix=AX12
| ATC_supplemental=
| PubChem=26041
| DrugBank=
| C=10 | H=8 | N=2 | O=2 | S=2 | Zn=1
| molecular_weight = 317.705
| bioavailability=
| metabolism =
| elimination_half-life=
| excretion = 
| pregnancy_category =
| legal_status = [[Over-the-counter drug|OTC]] (US)
| routes_of_administration= Topical
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{{SI}}
==Overview==
'''Zinc pyrithione''' is [[chemical compound]] used as an [[antifungal]] and [[antibacterial]] agent.  This coordination complex, which has many names, was first reported in the 1930s.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cas.astate.edu/draganjac/pyrithionezinc.html |title=astate.edu |accessdate=2007-08-24 |format= |work=}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-skin-zinc.htm |title=What is Skin Zinc? |accessdate=2007-08-24 |format= |work=}}</ref>  It features two pyridine-derived chelating ligands bound to zinc via oxygen and sulfur atoms.
==Uses==
===Medical===
Zinc pyrithione is best known for its use in treating [[dandruff]] and [[seborrheic dermatitis]]. It also has antibacterial properties and is effective against many [[pathogen]]s from the [[streptococcus]] and [[staphylococcus]] class. Its other medical applications include treatments of [[psoriasis]], [[eczema]], [[ringworm]], [[fungus]], athletes foot, [[dry skin]], atypical dermatitis, [[tinea]], and [[vitiligo]].
Zinc pyrithione is approved for over-the-counter topical use in the United States as a treatment for [[dandruff]]. It is the active ingredient in several anti-dandruff shampoos such as [[Head & Shoulders]]. However, in its industrial forms and strengths, it may be harmful by contact or ingestion.
===In paint===
Due to its low [[solubility]] in [[water]] (8 ppm at neutral pH), zinc pyrithione is suitable for use in outdoor paints and other products that provide protection against [[mildew]] and [[algae]]. It is an effective [[algaecide]]. It is chemically incompatible with paints relying on metal carboxylate curing agents.  When used in latex paints and the water contains high amount of [[iron]], a sequestering agent that will preferentially bind the iron ions is needed. Its decomposition by [[ultraviolet]] light is slow, providing years of protection even against direct sunlight.
==Mechanism==
Its antifungal effect most likely lies in the ability of an un-ionized pyrithione molecule to disrupt [[cell membrane|membrane]] transport by blocking the proton pump that energizes the transport mechanism.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Chandler CJ, Segel IH |title=Mechanism of the antimicrobial action of pyrithione: effects on membrane transport, ATP levels, and protein synthesis |journal=Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. |volume=14 |issue=1 |pages=60-8 |year=1978 |pmid=28693 |doi= |url=http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pubmed&pubmedid=28693 }}</ref> Fungi are capable of inactivating pyrithione in low concentrations.


==References==
==References==

Latest revision as of 13:46, 23 February 2015

Zinc pyrithione
Adult Indications & Dosage
Pediatric Indications & Dosage
Contraindications
Warnings & Precautions
Adverse Reactions
Drug Interactions
Use in Specific Populations
Administration & Monitoring
Overdosage
Pharmacology
Clinical Studies
How Supplied
Images
Patient Counseling Information
Precautions with Alcohol
Brand Names
Look-Alike Names

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NOTE: Most over the counter (OTC) are not reviewed and approved by the FDA. However, they may be marketed if they comply with applicable regulations and policies. FDA has not evaluated whether this product complies.

Overview

Zinc pyrithione is an shampoo that is FDA approved for the prophylaxis of flaking and itching recurrence associated with dandruff. Common adverse reactions include irritation of mucous membranes.

Adult Indications and Dosage

FDA-Labeled Indications and Dosage (Adult)

Use Directions

  • 1.- Wet hair
  • 2.- Squeeze small amount into palm
  • 3.- Lather
  • 4.- Rinse well

Off-Label Use and Dosage (Adult)

Guideline-Supported Use

There is limited information regarding Off-Label Guideline-Supported Use of Zinc pyrithione in adult patients.

Non–Guideline-Supported Use

There is limited information regarding Off-Label Non–Guideline-Supported Use of Zinc pyrithione in adult patients.

Pediatric Indications and Dosage

FDA-Labeled Indications and Dosage (Pediatric)

Use Directions

  • 1.- Wet hair
  • 2.- Squeeze small amount into palm
  • 3.- Lather
  • 4.- Rinse well

Off-Label Use and Dosage (Pediatric)

Guideline-Supported Use

There is limited information regarding Off-Label Guideline-Supported Use of Zinc pyrithione in pediatric patients.

Non–Guideline-Supported Use

There is limited information regarding Off-Label Non–Guideline-Supported Use of Zinc pyrithione in pediatric patients.

Contraindications

There is limited information regarding Zinc pyrithione Contraindications in the drug label.

Warnings

  • For external use only.
  • Keep this and all drugs out of reach of children If swallowed get medical help or contact a Poison Control Center right away.
  • Stop use and ask a doctor if condition does not improve or worsen after regular use of this product as directed
  • When using this product, avoid contact with eyes. If contact occurs, rinse eyes with plenty of water.

Adverse Reactions

Clinical Trials Experience

There is limited information regarding Zinc pyrithione Clinical Trials Experience in the drug label.

Postmarketing Experience

There is limited information regarding Zinc pyrithione Postmarketing Experience in the drug label.

Drug Interactions

There is limited information regarding Zinc pyrithione Drug Interactions in the drug label.

Use in Specific Populations

Pregnancy

Pregnancy Category (FDA): There is no FDA guidance on usage of Zinc pyrithione in women who are pregnant.
Pregnancy Category (AUS): There is no Australian Drug Evaluation Committee (ADEC) guidance on usage of Zinc pyrithione in women who are pregnant.

Labor and Delivery

There is no FDA guidance on use of Zinc pyrithione during labor and delivery.

Nursing Mothers

There is no FDA guidance on the use of Zinc pyrithione in women who are nursing.

Pediatric Use

There is no FDA guidance on the use of Zinc pyrithione in pediatric settings.

Geriatic Use

There is no FDA guidance on the use of Zinc pyrithione in geriatric settings.

Gender

There is no FDA guidance on the use of Zinc pyrithione with respect to specific gender populations.

Race

There is no FDA guidance on the use of Zinc pyrithione with respect to specific racial populations.

Renal Impairment

There is no FDA guidance on the use of Zinc pyrithione in patients with renal impairment.

Hepatic Impairment

There is no FDA guidance on the use of Zinc pyrithione in patients with hepatic impairment.

Females of Reproductive Potential and Males

There is no FDA guidance on the use of Zinc pyrithione in women of reproductive potentials and males.

Immunocompromised Patients

There is no FDA guidance one the use of Zinc pyrithione in patients who are immunocompromised.

Administration and Monitoring

Administration

There is limited information regarding Zinc pyrithione Administration in the drug label.

Monitoring

There is limited information regarding Zinc pyrithione Monitoring in the drug label.

IV Compatibility

There is limited information regarding the compatibility of Zinc pyrithione and IV administrations.

Overdosage

There is limited information regarding Zinc pyrithione overdosage. If you suspect drug poisoning or overdose, please contact the National Poison Help hotline (1-800-222-1222) immediately.

Pharmacology

Mechanism of Action

There is limited information regarding Zinc pyrithione Mechanism of Action in the drug label.

Structure

There is limited information regarding Zinc pyrithione Structure in the drug label.

Pharmacodynamics

There is limited information regarding Zinc pyrithione Pharmacodynamics in the drug label.

Pharmacokinetics

There is limited information regarding Zinc pyrithione Pharmacokinetics in the drug label.

Nonclinical Toxicology

There is limited information regarding Zinc pyrithione Nonclinical Toxicology in the drug label.

Clinical Studies

There is limited information regarding Zinc pyrithione Clinical Studies in the drug label.

How Supplied

There is limited information regarding Zinc pyrithione How Supplied in the drug label.

Storage

There is limited information regarding Zinc pyrithione Storage in the drug label.

Images

Drug Images

{{#ask: Page Name::Zinc pyrithione |?Pill Name |?Drug Name |?Pill Ingred |?Pill Imprint |?Pill Dosage |?Pill Color |?Pill Shape |?Pill Size (mm) |?Pill Scoring |?NDC |?Drug Author |format=template |template=DrugPageImages |mainlabel=- |sort=Pill Name }}

Package and Label Display Panel

{{#ask: Label Page::Zinc pyrithione |?Label Name |format=template |template=DrugLabelImages |mainlabel=- |sort=Label Page }}

Patient Counseling Information

There is limited information regarding Zinc pyrithione Patient Counseling Information in the drug label.

Precautions with Alcohol

Alcohol-Zinc pyrithione interaction has not been established. Talk to your doctor about the effects of taking alcohol with this medication.

Brand Names

There is limited information regarding Zinc pyrithione Brand Names in the drug label.

Look-Alike Drug Names

There is limited information regarding Zinc pyrithione Look-Alike Drug Names in the drug label.

Drug Shortage Status

Price

References

The contents of this FDA label are provided by the National Library of Medicine.


References


External links


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