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{{Gastroesophageal reflux disease}}
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==Overview==
==Overview==
Common symptoms of GERD include [[heart burn]], [[regurgitation]], and [[dysphagia]]. A positive history of [[nausea]], [[vomiting]], and [[regurgitation]] is suggestive of GERD. Other symptoms of GERD include [[chest pain]], [[cough]], and [[odynophagia]].
==History and Symptoms==
==History and Symptoms==
===Adults===
* History taking in patients with suspected GERD is important in diagnostic approach.  
[[Heartburn]] is the major symptom of acid in the esophagus, characterized by burning discomfort behind the breastbone ([[sternum]]). Findings in GERD include '''[[esophagitis]]''' (''reflux esophagitis'') — [[inflammation|inflammatory]] changes in the esophageal lining (mucosa) —, [[Stenosis|strictures]], difficulty swallowing ([[dysphagia]]), and chronic [[chest pain]]. Patients may have only one of those findings. Typical GERD symptoms include cough, hoarseness, voice changes, chronic ear ache, burning chest pains, nausea or [[sinusitis]]. GERD complications include stricture formation, [[Barrett's esophagus]], [[esophageal ulcer]]s, and possibly even lead to [[esophageal cancer]], especially in adults over 60 years old.
* Important history points that increase suspicion towards [[delayed gastric emptying]] and GERD include the following:
** [[Nausea]]
** [[Vomiting]]  
** [[Regurgitation]]  


Occasional heartburn is common but does not necessarily mean one has GERD. Patients with heartburn symptoms more than once a week are at risk of developing GERD. A hiatal hernia is usually [[asymptomatic]], but the presence of a hiatal hernia is a risk factor for developing GERD.
=== Common symptoms ===
Common symptoms of GERD (typical GERD) include the following:<ref name="pmid24503366">{{cite journal| author=Chang P, Friedenberg F| title=Obesity and GERD. | journal=Gastroenterol Clin North Am | year= 2014 | volume= 43 | issue= 1 | pages= 161-73 | pmid=24503366 | doi=10.1016/j.gtc.2013.11.009 | pmc=3920303 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=24503366  }}</ref>
* [[Heart burn]]
* [[Regurgitation]]
* [[Dysphagia]]  


=== Less common symptoms ===
Less common symptoms of GERD (atypical GERD) include the following:<ref name="pmid23452632">{{cite journal| author=Hom C, Vaezi MF| title=Extraesophageal manifestations of gastroesophageal reflux disease. | journal=Gastroenterol Clin North Am | year= 2013 | volume= 42 | issue= 1 | pages= 71-91 | pmid=23452632 | doi=10.1016/j.gtc.2012.11.004 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=23452632  }}</ref>
* [[Chest pain]] that may look like the [[angina pectoris]] pain
* [[Cough]]
* [[Nausea]]
* [[Odynophagia]]
* [[Hypersalivation]] 
==References==
==References==
{{reflist|2}}
{{reflist|2}}
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[[Category:Needs content]]
[[Category:Gastroenterology]]

Latest revision as of 06:38, 20 October 2020

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ahmed Elsaiey, MBBCH [2]

Overview

Common symptoms of GERD include heart burn, regurgitation, and dysphagia. A positive history of nausea, vomiting, and regurgitation is suggestive of GERD. Other symptoms of GERD include chest pain, cough, and odynophagia.

History and Symptoms

Common symptoms

Common symptoms of GERD (typical GERD) include the following:[1]

Less common symptoms

Less common symptoms of GERD (atypical GERD) include the following:[2]

References

  1. ↑ Chang P, Friedenberg F (2014). "Obesity and GERD". Gastroenterol Clin North Am. 43 (1): 161–73. doi:10.1016/j.gtc.2013.11.009. PMC 3920303. PMID 24503366.
  2. ↑ Hom C, Vaezi MF (2013). "Extraesophageal manifestations of gastroesophageal reflux disease". Gastroenterol Clin North Am. 42 (1): 71–91. doi:10.1016/j.gtc.2012.11.004. PMID 23452632.

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