Alcoholic hepatitis secondary prevention: Difference between revisions
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__NOTOC__ | __NOTOC__ | ||
{{Alcoholic hepatitis}} | {{Alcoholic hepatitis}} | ||
{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{S.M}} | |||
==Overview== | |||
[[Disulfiram]], [[naltrexone]], and [[ acamprosate]] are used to to maintain [[alcohol]] abstinence.Additionally, [[baclofen]] and gamma hydroxyl butyrate are options to reduce recidivism in patients with advanced [[chronic liver disease]]. | |||
==Secondary prevention== | |||
* [[Medications]] to maintain [[alcohol]] abstinence are as follows:<ref name="pmid21524263">{{cite journal| author=Edwards S, Kenna GA, Swift RM, Leggio L| title=Current and promising pharmacotherapies, and novel research target areas in the treatment of alcohol dependence: a review. | journal=Curr Pharm Des | year= 2011 | volume= 17 | issue= 14 | pages= 1323-32 | pmid=21524263 | doi=10.2174/138161211796150765 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=21524263 }} </ref> | |||
** [[Disulfiram]] | |||
*** [[Disulfiram]] is not recommended in [[cirrhotic]] patients due to risk of [[fulminate hepatitis]]<ref name="pmid2625187">{{cite journal| author=Vanjak D, Samuel D, Gosset F, Derrida S, Moreau R, Soupison T | display-authors=etal| title=[Fulminant hepatitis induced by disulfiram in a patient with alcoholic cirrhosis. Survival after liver transplantation]. | journal=Gastroenterol Clin Biol | year= 1989 | volume= 13 | issue= 12 | pages= 1075-8 | pmid=2625187 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=2625187 }} </ref> | |||
** [[Naltrexone]] | |||
*** [[Naltrexone]] decreased [[alcohol]] craving but can cause [[hepatocellular]] injury <ref name="pmid7673104">{{cite journal| author=Volpicelli JR, Clay KL, Watson NT, O'Brien CP| title=Naltrexone in the treatment of alcoholism: predicting response to naltrexone. | journal=J Clin Psychiatry | year= 1995 | volume= 56 Suppl 7 | issue= | pages= 39-44 | pmid=7673104 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=7673104 }} </ref> | |||
*** [[Nalmefene]] is similar to [[Naltrexone]] but doesn't cause [[hepatocellular]] injury <ref name="pmid26576078">{{cite journal| author=Liang R, Liu A, Perumpail RB, Wong RJ, Ahmed A| title=Advances in alcoholic liver disease: An update on alcoholic hepatitis. | journal=World J Gastroenterol | year= 2015 | volume= 21 | issue= 42 | pages= 11893-903 | pmid=26576078 | doi=10.3748/wjg.v21.i42.11893 | pmc=4641111 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=26576078 }} </ref> | |||
** [[ Acamprosate]] | |||
*** [[Acamprosate]] reduces alcohol withdrawal symptoms <ref name="pmid16197362">{{cite journal| author=Mason BJ| title=Acamprosate in the treatment of alcohol dependence. | journal=Expert Opin Pharmacother | year= 2005 | volume= 6 | issue= 12 | pages= 2103-15 | pmid=16197362 | doi=10.1517/14656566.6.12.2103 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=16197362 }} </ref> | |||
* Following medications reduce recidivism in patients with advanced [[chronic liver disease]]:<ref name="pmid18068515">{{cite journal| author=Addolorato G, Leggio L, Ferrulli A, Cardone S, Vonghia L, Mirijello A | display-authors=etal| title=Effectiveness and safety of baclofen for maintenance of alcohol abstinence in alcohol-dependent patients with liver cirrhosis: randomised, double-blind controlled study. | journal=Lancet | year= 2007 | volume= 370 | issue= 9603 | pages= 1915-22 | pmid=18068515 | doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(07)61814-5 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=18068515 }} </ref><ref name="pmid21192167">{{cite journal| author=Caputo F, Bernardi M, Zoli G| title=Efficacy and safety of γ-hydroxybutyrate in treating alcohol withdrawal syndrome in an alcohol-dependent inpatient with decompensated liver cirrhosis: a case report. | journal=J Clin Psychopharmacol | year= 2011 | volume= 31 | issue= 1 | pages= 140-1 | pmid=21192167 | doi=10.1097/JCP.0b013e318203b36f | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=21192167 }} </ref> | |||
**[[Baclofen]] | |||
** Gamma hydroxyl butyrate | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{reflist|2}} | {{reflist|2}} | ||
[[Category:Needs content]] | [[Category:Needs content]] | ||
[[Category:Disease]] | |||
[[Category:Gastroenterology]] | |||
[[Category:Emergency medicine]] | |||
[[Category:Intensive care medicine]] | |||
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Shadan Mehraban, M.D.[2]
Overview
Disulfiram, naltrexone, and acamprosate are used to to maintain alcohol abstinence.Additionally, baclofen and gamma hydroxyl butyrate are options to reduce recidivism in patients with advanced chronic liver disease.
Secondary prevention
- Medications to maintain alcohol abstinence are as follows:[1]
- Disulfiram
- Disulfiram is not recommended in cirrhotic patients due to risk of fulminate hepatitis[2]
- Naltrexone
- Naltrexone decreased alcohol craving but can cause hepatocellular injury [3]
- Nalmefene is similar to Naltrexone but doesn't cause hepatocellular injury [4]
- Acamprosate
- Acamprosate reduces alcohol withdrawal symptoms [5]
- Disulfiram
- Following medications reduce recidivism in patients with advanced chronic liver disease:[6][7]
- Baclofen
- Gamma hydroxyl butyrate
References
- ↑ Edwards S, Kenna GA, Swift RM, Leggio L (2011). "Current and promising pharmacotherapies, and novel research target areas in the treatment of alcohol dependence: a review". Curr Pharm Des. 17 (14): 1323–32. doi:10.2174/138161211796150765. PMID 21524263.
- ↑ Vanjak D, Samuel D, Gosset F, Derrida S, Moreau R, Soupison T; et al. (1989). "[Fulminant hepatitis induced by disulfiram in a patient with alcoholic cirrhosis. Survival after liver transplantation]". Gastroenterol Clin Biol. 13 (12): 1075–8. PMID 2625187.
- ↑ Volpicelli JR, Clay KL, Watson NT, O'Brien CP (1995). "Naltrexone in the treatment of alcoholism: predicting response to naltrexone". J Clin Psychiatry. 56 Suppl 7: 39–44. PMID 7673104.
- ↑ Liang R, Liu A, Perumpail RB, Wong RJ, Ahmed A (2015). "Advances in alcoholic liver disease: An update on alcoholic hepatitis". World J Gastroenterol. 21 (42): 11893–903. doi:10.3748/wjg.v21.i42.11893. PMC 4641111. PMID 26576078.
- ↑ Mason BJ (2005). "Acamprosate in the treatment of alcohol dependence". Expert Opin Pharmacother. 6 (12): 2103–15. doi:10.1517/14656566.6.12.2103. PMID 16197362.
- ↑ Addolorato G, Leggio L, Ferrulli A, Cardone S, Vonghia L, Mirijello A; et al. (2007). "Effectiveness and safety of baclofen for maintenance of alcohol abstinence in alcohol-dependent patients with liver cirrhosis: randomised, double-blind controlled study". Lancet. 370 (9603): 1915–22. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(07)61814-5. PMID 18068515.
- ↑ Caputo F, Bernardi M, Zoli G (2011). "Efficacy and safety of γ-hydroxybutyrate in treating alcohol withdrawal syndrome in an alcohol-dependent inpatient with decompensated liver cirrhosis: a case report". J Clin Psychopharmacol. 31 (1): 140–1. doi:10.1097/JCP.0b013e318203b36f. PMID 21192167.