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<!-- The PBB_Controls template provides controls for Protein Box Bot, please see Template:PBB_Controls for details. -->
{{Infobox_gene}}
{{PBB_Controls
'''ARF GTPase-activating protein GIT2''' is an [[enzyme]] that in humans is encoded by the ''GIT2'' [[gene]].<ref name="pmid9826657">{{cite journal | vauthors = Premont RT, Claing A, Vitale N, Freeman JL, Pitcher JA, Patton WA, Moss J, Vaughan M, Lefkowitz RJ | title = beta2-Adrenergic receptor regulation by GIT1, a G protein-coupled receptor kinase-associated ADP ribosylation factor GTPase-activating protein | journal = Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America | volume = 95 | issue = 24 | pages = 14082–7 | date = Nov 1998 | pmid = 9826657 | pmc = 24330 | doi = 10.1073/pnas.95.24.14082 }}</ref><ref name="pmid10896954">{{cite journal | vauthors = Premont RT, Claing A, Vitale N, Perry SJ, Lefkowitz RJ | title = The GIT family of ADP-ribosylation factor GTPase-activating proteins. Functional diversity of GIT2 through alternative splicing | journal = The Journal of Biological Chemistry | volume = 275 | issue = 29 | pages = 22373–80 | date = Jul 2000 | pmid = 10896954 | pmc = | doi = 10.1074/jbc.275.29.22373 }}</ref><ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: GIT2 G protein-coupled receptor kinase interactor 2| url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=9815| accessdate = }}</ref>
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| update_citations = yes
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<!-- The GNF_Protein_box is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot.  See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
== Function ==
{{GNF_Protein_box
| image =
| image_source =
| PDB =
| Name = G protein-coupled receptor kinase interactor 2
| HGNCid = 4273
| Symbol = GIT2
| AltSymbols =; CAT-2; DKFZp686G01261; KIAA0148; MGC760
| OMIM = 608564
| ECnumber = 
| Homologene = 41336
| MGIid = 1347053
| GeneAtlas_image1 = PBB_GE_GIT2_204982_at_tn.png
| GeneAtlas_image2 = PBB_GE_GIT2_209876_at_tn.png
| Function = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005096 |text = GTPase activator activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0008270 |text = zinc ion binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0046872 |text = metal ion binding}}
| Component = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005654 |text = nucleoplasm}}
| Process = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0008277 |text = regulation of G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0043087 |text = regulation of GTPase activity}}
| Orthologs = {{GNF_Ortholog_box
    | Hs_EntrezGene = 9815
    | Hs_Ensembl = ENSG00000139436
    | Hs_RefseqProtein = NP_055591
    | Hs_RefseqmRNA = NM_014776
    | Hs_GenLoc_db = 
    | Hs_GenLoc_chr = 12
    | Hs_GenLoc_start = 108851992
    | Hs_GenLoc_end = 108918484
    | Hs_Uniprot = Q14161
    | Mm_EntrezGene = 26431
    | Mm_Ensembl = ENSMUSG00000041890
    | Mm_RefseqmRNA = NM_001077359
    | Mm_RefseqProtein = NP_001070827
    | Mm_GenLoc_db = 
    | Mm_GenLoc_chr = 5
    | Mm_GenLoc_start = 114988410
    | Mm_GenLoc_end = 115034491
    | Mm_Uniprot = Q9JLQ2
  }}
}}
'''G protein-coupled receptor kinase interactor 2''', also known as '''GIT2''', is a human [[gene]].<ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: GIT2 G protein-coupled receptor kinase interactor 2| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=9815| accessdate = }}</ref>


<!-- The PBB_Summary template is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot.  See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
This gene encodes a member of the GIT protein family. GIT proteins interact with G protein-coupled receptor kinases and possess ADP-ribosylation factor (ARF) GTPase-activating protein (GAP) activity. This gene undergoes extensive alternative splicing; although ten transcript variants have been described, the full length sequence has been determined for only four variants. The various isoforms have functional differences, with respect to ARF GAP activity and to G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 binding.<ref name="entrez"/>
{{PBB_Summary
| section_title =
| summary_text = This gene encodes a member of the GIT protein family. GIT proteins interact with G protein-coupled receptor kinases and possess ADP-ribosylation factor (ARF) GTPase-activating protein (GAP) activity. This gene undergoes extensive alternative splicing; although ten transcript variants have been described, the full length sequence has been determined for only four variants. The various isoforms have functional differences, with respect to ARF GAP activity and to G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 binding.<ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: GIT2 G protein-coupled receptor kinase interactor 2| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=9815| accessdate = }}</ref>
}}


==References==
== Model organisms ==
{{reflist|2}}
==Further reading==
{| class="wikitable sortable collapsible collapsed" border="1" cellpadding="2" style="float: right;" |
{{refbegin | 2}}
|+ ''Git2'' knockout mouse phenotype
{{PBB_Further_reading
|-
| citations =  
! Characteristic!! Phenotype
*{{cite journal  | author=Nakajima D, Okazaki N, Yamakawa H, ''et al.'' |title=Construction of expression-ready cDNA clones for KIAA genes: manual curation of 330 KIAA cDNA clones. |journal=DNA Res. |volume=9 |issue= 3 |pages= 99-106 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12168954 |doi= }}
|-
*{{cite journal  | author=Hoefen RJ, Berk BC |title=The multifunctional GIT family of proteins. |journal=J. Cell. Sci. |volume=119 |issue= Pt 8 |pages= 1469-75 |year= 2006 |pmid= 16598076 |doi= 10.1242/jcs.02925 }}
| [[Homozygote]] viability || bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal
*{{cite journal  | author=Maruyama K, Sugano S |title=Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with oligoribonucleotides. |journal=Gene |volume=138 |issue= 1-2 |pages= 171-4 |year= 1994 |pmid= 8125298 |doi= }}
|-
*{{cite journal  | author=Nagase T, Seki N, Tanaka A, ''et al.'' |title=Prediction of the coding sequences of unidentified human genes. IV. The coding sequences of 40 new genes (KIAA0121-KIAA0160) deduced by analysis of cDNA clones from human cell line KG-1. |journal=DNA Res. |volume=2 |issue= 4 |pages= 167-74, 199-210 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8590280 |doi=  }}
| Fertility || bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal
*{{cite journal  | author=Suzuki Y, Yoshitomo-Nakagawa K, Maruyama K, ''et al.'' |title=Construction and characterization of a full length-enriched and a 5'-end-enriched cDNA library. |journal=Gene |volume=200 |issue= 1-2 |pages= 149-56 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9373149 |doi= }}
|-
*{{cite journal  | author=Premont RT, Claing A, Vitale N, ''et al.'' |title=beta2-Adrenergic receptor regulation by GIT1, a G protein-coupled receptor kinase-associated ADP ribosylation factor GTPase-activating protein. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=95 |issue= 24 |pages= 14082-7 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9826657 |doi=  }}
| Body weight || bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal
*{{cite journal  | author=Turner CE, Brown MC, Perrotta JA, ''et al.'' |title=Paxillin LD4 motif binds PAK and PIX through a novel 95-kD ankyrin repeat, ARF-GAP protein: A role in cytoskeletal remodeling. |journal=J. Cell Biol. |volume=145 |issue= 4 |pages= 851-63 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10330411 |doi= }}
|-
*{{cite journal | author=Bagrodia S, Bailey D, Lenard Z, ''et al.'' |title=A tyrosine-phosphorylated protein that binds to an important regulatory region on the cool family of p21-activated kinase-binding proteins. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=274 |issue= 32 |pages= 22393-400 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10428811 |doi=  }}
| [[Open Field (animal test)|Anxiety]] || bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal
*{{cite journal  | author=Vitale N, Patton WA, Moss J, ''et al.'' |title=GIT proteins, A novel family of phosphatidylinositol 3,4, 5-trisphosphate-stimulated GTPase-activating proteins for ARF6. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=275 |issue= 18 |pages= 13901-6 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10788515 |doi= }}
|-
*{{cite journal | author=Premont RT, Claing A, Vitale N, ''et al.'' |title=The GIT family of ADP-ribosylation factor GTPase-activating proteins. Functional diversity of GIT2 through alternative splicing. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=275 |issue= 29 |pages= 22373-80 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10896954 |doi= }}
| Neurological assessment || bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal
*{{cite journal | author=Hoja MR, Wahlestedt C, Höög C |title=A visual intracellular classification strategy for uncharacterized human proteins. |journal=Exp. Cell Res. |volume=259 |issue= 1 |pages= 239-46 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10942595 |doi= 10.1006/excr.2000.4948 }}
|-
*{{cite journal | author=Ku GM, Yablonski D, Manser E, ''et al.'' |title=A PAK1-PIX-PKL complex is activated by the T-cell receptor independent of Nck, Slp-76 and LAT. |journal=EMBO J. |volume=20 |issue= 3 |pages= 457-65 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11157752 |doi= 10.1093/emboj/20.3.457 }}
| Grip strength || bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal
*{{cite journal | author=Mazaki Y, Hashimoto S, Okawa K, ''et al.'' |title=An ADP-ribosylation factor GTPase-activating protein Git2-short/KIAA0148 is involved in subcellular localization of paxillin and actin cytoskeletal organization. |journal=Mol. Biol. Cell |volume=12 |issue= 3 |pages= 645-62 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11251077 |doi= }}
|-
*{{cite journal  | author=Kim S, Ko J, Shin H, ''et al.'' |title=The GIT family of proteins forms multimers and associates with the presynaptic cytomatrix protein Piccolo. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=278 |issue= 8 |pages= 6291-300 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12473661 |doi= 10.1074/jbc.M212287200 }}
| [[Hot plate test|Hot plate]] || bgcolor="#C40000"|Abnormal<ref name="Hot plate">{{cite web |url=http://www.sanger.ac.uk/mouseportal/phenotyping/MAKH/hot-plate/ |title=Hot plate data for Git2 |publisher=Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute}}</ref>
*{{cite journal  | author=Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, ''et al.'' |title=Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=99 |issue= 26 |pages= 16899-903 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12477932 |doi= 10.1073/pnas.242603899 }}
|-
*{{cite journal  | author=Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, ''et al.'' |title=Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. |journal=Nat. Genet. |volume=36 |issue= 1 |pages= 40-5 |year= 2004 |pmid= 14702039 |doi= 10.1038/ng1285 }}
| [[Dysmorphology]] || bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal
*{{cite journal | author=Brill LM, Salomon AR, Ficarro SB, ''et al.'' |title=Robust phosphoproteomic profiling of tyrosine phosphorylation sites from human T cells using immobilized metal affinity chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry. |journal=Anal. Chem. |volume=76 |issue= 10 |pages= 2763-72 |year= 2004 |pmid= 15144186 |doi= 10.1021/ac035352d }}
|-
*{{cite journal | author=Premont RT, Perry SJ, Schmalzigaug R, ''et al.'' |title=The GIT/PIX complex: an oligomeric assembly of GIT family ARF GTPase-activating proteins and PIX family Rac1/Cdc42 guanine nucleotide exchange factors. |journal=Cell. Signal. |volume=16 |issue= 9 |pages= 1001-11 |year= 2005 |pmid= 15212761 |doi= 10.1016/j.cellsig.2004.02.002 }}
| [[Indirect calorimetry]] || bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal
*{{cite journal  | author=Jin J, Smith FD, Stark C, ''et al.'' |title=Proteomic, functional, and domain-based analysis of in vivo 14-3-3 binding proteins involved in cytoskeletal regulation and cellular organization. |journal=Curr. Biol. |volume=14 |issue= 16 |pages= 1436-50 |year= 2004 |pmid= 15324660 |doi= 10.1016/j.cub.2004.07.051 }}
|-
}}
| [[Glucose tolerance test]] || bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal
|-
| [[Auditory brainstem response]] || bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal
|-
| [[Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry|DEXA]] || bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal<ref name="DEXA">{{cite web |url=http://www.sanger.ac.uk/mouseportal/phenotyping/MAKH/body-composition-dexa/ |title=DEXA data for Git2 |publisher=Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute}}</ref>
|-
| [[Radiography]] || bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal
|-
| Body temperature || bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal
|-
| Eye morphology || bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal<ref name="Eye morphology">{{cite web |url=http://www.sanger.ac.uk/mouseportal/phenotyping/MAKH/eye-morphology/ |title=Eye morphology data for Git2 |publisher=Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute}}</ref>
|-
| [[Clinical chemistry]] || bgcolor="#C40000"|Abnormal<ref name="Clinical chemistry">{{cite web |url=http://www.sanger.ac.uk/mouseportal/phenotyping/MAKH/plasma-chemistry/ |title=Clinical chemistry data for Git2 |publisher=Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute}}</ref>
|-
| [[Haematology]] || bgcolor="#C40000"|Abnormal<ref name="Haematology">{{cite web |url=http://www.sanger.ac.uk/mouseportal/phenotyping/MAKH/haematology-cbc/ |title=Haematology data for Git2 |publisher=Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute}}</ref>
|-
| [[Peripheral blood lymphocyte]]s || bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal
|-
| [[Micronucleus test]] || bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal
|-
| Heart weight || bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal
|-
| Tail epidermis wholemount || bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal
|-
| Skin Histopathology || bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal
|-
| Brain histopathology || bgcolor="#C40000"|Abnormal
|-
| colspan=2; style="text-align: center;" | All tests and analysis from<ref name="mgp_reference">{{cite journal | doi = 10.1111/j.1755-3768.2010.4142.x | title = The Sanger Mouse Genetics Programme: High throughput characterisation of knockout mice | year = 2010 | author = Gerdin AK | journal = Acta Ophthalmologica | volume = 88 | pages =  925–7 }}</ref><ref>[http://www.sanger.ac.uk/mouseportal/ Mouse Resources Portal], Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute.</ref>
|}
[[Model organism]]s have been used in the study of GIT2 function. A conditional [[knockout mouse]] line, called ''Git2<sup>Gt(XG510)Byg</sup>''<ref name="allele_ref">{{cite web |url=http://www.knockoutmouse.org/martsearch/search?query=Git2 |title=International Knockout Mouse Consortium}}</ref><ref name="mgi_allele_ref">{{cite web |url=http://www.informatics.jax.org/searchtool/Search.do?query=MGI:3762635 |title=Mouse Genome Informatics}}</ref> was generated as part of the [[International Knockout Mouse Consortium]] program — a high-throughput mutagenesis project to generate and distribute animal models of disease to interested scientists — at the [[Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute]].<ref name="pmid21677750">{{cite journal | vauthors = Skarnes WC, Rosen B, West AP, Koutsourakis M, Bushell W, Iyer V, Mujica AO, Thomas M, Harrow J, Cox T, Jackson D, Severin J, Biggs P, Fu J, Nefedov M, de Jong PJ, Stewart AF, Bradley A | title = A conditional knockout resource for the genome-wide study of mouse gene function | journal = Nature | volume = 474 | issue = 7351 | pages = 337–42 | date = Jun 2011 | pmid = 21677750 | pmc = 3572410 | doi = 10.1038/nature10163 }}</ref><ref name="mouse_library">{{cite journal | vauthors = Dolgin E | title = Mouse library set to be knockout | journal = Nature | volume = 474 | issue = 7351 | pages = 262–3 | date = Jun 2011 | pmid = 21677718 | doi = 10.1038/474262a }}</ref><ref name="mouse_for_all_reasons">{{cite journal | vauthors = Collins FS, Rossant J, Wurst W | title = A mouse for all reasons | journal = Cell | volume = 128 | issue = 1 | pages = 9–13 | date = Jan 2007 | pmid = 17218247 | doi = 10.1016/j.cell.2006.12.018 }}</ref>
 
Male and female animals underwent a standardized [[phenotypic screen]] to determine the effects of deletion.<ref name="mgp_reference" /><ref name="pmid21722353">{{cite journal | vauthors = van der Weyden L, White JK, Adams DJ, Logan DW | title = The mouse genetics toolkit: revealing function and mechanism | journal = Genome Biology | volume = 12 | issue = 6 | pages = 224 | year = 2011 | pmid = 21722353 | pmc = 3218837 | doi = 10.1186/gb-2011-12-6-224 }}</ref>  Mice lacking ''Git2'' had no significant defects in viability or [[fertility]],<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.sanger.ac.uk/mouseportal/phenotyping/MAKH/viability-at-weaning/ |title=Viability at Weaning Data for ''Git2'' |author=Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute |work=Mouse Resources Portal |publisher={{URL|www.sanger.ac.uk}}}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.sanger.ac.uk/mouseportal/phenotyping/MAKH/fertility/ |title=Fertility Data for ''Git2'' |author=Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute |work=Mouse Resources Portal |publisher={{URL|www.sanger.ac.uk}}}}</ref> so further tests were carried out and four significant [[phenotypes]] were reported:<ref name="mgp_reference" /><ref name="pmid21722353"/>
 
* [[Mutant]] mice had differences in their [[clinical chemistry|clinical blood chemistry]] compared to [[wildtype]] control mice.
* Mutant male mice had a decrease in [[white blood cell count]].
* An increased thickness in [[hippocampus]] was observed.
* Mutant female mice were slower to respond to heat when placed on a [[hotplate]].
 
== Interactions ==
 
GIT2 has been shown to [[Protein-protein interaction|interact]] with [[GIT1]].<ref name=pmid12473661>{{cite journal | vauthors = Kim S, Ko J, Shin H, Lee JR, Lim C, Han JH, Altrock WD, Garner CC, Gundelfinger ED, Premont RT, Kaang BK, Kim E | title = The GIT family of proteins forms multimers and associates with the presynaptic cytomatrix protein Piccolo | journal = The Journal of Biological Chemistry | volume = 278 | issue = 8 | pages = 6291–300 | date = Feb 2003 | pmid = 12473661 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.M212287200 }}</ref>
{{clear}}
== References ==
{{reflist|33em}}
 
== Further reading ==
{{refbegin|33em}}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Nakajima D, Okazaki N, Yamakawa H, Kikuno R, Ohara O, Nagase T | title = Construction of expression-ready cDNA clones for KIAA genes: manual curation of 330 KIAA cDNA clones | journal = DNA Research | volume = 9 | issue = 3 | pages = 99–106 | date = Jun 2002 | pmid = 12168954 | doi = 10.1093/dnares/9.3.99 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Hoefen RJ, Berk BC | title = The multifunctional GIT family of proteins | journal = Journal of Cell Science | volume = 119 | issue = Pt 8 | pages = 1469–75 | date = Apr 2006 | pmid = 16598076 | doi = 10.1242/jcs.02925 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Maruyama K, Sugano S | title = Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with oligoribonucleotides | journal = Gene | volume = 138 | issue = 1-2 | pages = 171–4 | date = Jan 1994 | pmid = 8125298 | doi = 10.1016/0378-1119(94)90802-8 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Nagase T, Seki N, Tanaka A, Ishikawa K, Nomura N | title = Prediction of the coding sequences of unidentified human genes. IV. The coding sequences of 40 new genes (KIAA0121-KIAA0160) deduced by analysis of cDNA clones from human cell line KG-1 | journal = DNA Research | volume = 2 | issue = 4 | pages = 167–74, 199-210 | date = Aug 1995 | pmid = 8590280 | doi = 10.1093/dnares/2.4.167 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Suzuki Y, Yoshitomo-Nakagawa K, Maruyama K, Suyama A, Sugano S | title = Construction and characterization of a full length-enriched and a 5'-end-enriched cDNA library | journal = Gene | volume = 200 | issue = 1-2 | pages = 149–56 | date = Oct 1997 | pmid = 9373149 | doi = 10.1016/S0378-1119(97)00411-3 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Turner CE, Brown MC, Perrotta JA, Riedy MC, Nikolopoulos SN, McDonald AR, Bagrodia S, Thomas S, Leventhal PS | title = Paxillin LD4 motif binds PAK and PIX through a novel 95-kD ankyrin repeat, ARF-GAP protein: A role in cytoskeletal remodeling | journal = The Journal of Cell Biology | volume = 145 | issue = 4 | pages = 851–63 | date = May 1999 | pmid = 10330411 | pmc = 2133183 | doi = 10.1083/jcb.145.4.851 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Bagrodia S, Bailey D, Lenard Z, Hart M, Guan JL, Premont RT, Taylor SJ, Cerione RA | title = A tyrosine-phosphorylated protein that binds to an important regulatory region on the cool family of p21-activated kinase-binding proteins | journal = The Journal of Biological Chemistry | volume = 274 | issue = 32 | pages = 22393–400 | date = Aug 1999 | pmid = 10428811 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.274.32.22393 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Vitale N, Patton WA, Moss J, Vaughan M, Lefkowitz RJ, Premont RT | title = GIT proteins, A novel family of phosphatidylinositol 3,4, 5-trisphosphate-stimulated GTPase-activating proteins for ARF6 | journal = The Journal of Biological Chemistry | volume = 275 | issue = 18 | pages = 13901–6 | date = May 2000 | pmid = 10788515 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.275.18.13901 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Hoja MR, Wahlestedt C, Höög C | title = A visual intracellular classification strategy for uncharacterized human proteins | journal = Experimental Cell Research | volume = 259 | issue = 1 | pages = 239–46 | date = Aug 2000 | pmid = 10942595 | doi = 10.1006/excr.2000.4948 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Ku GM, Yablonski D, Manser E, Lim L, Weiss A | title = A PAK1-PIX-PKL complex is activated by the T-cell receptor independent of Nck, Slp-76 and LAT | journal = The EMBO Journal | volume = 20 | issue = 3 | pages = 457–65 | date = Feb 2001 | pmid = 11157752 | pmc = 133476 | doi = 10.1093/emboj/20.3.457 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Mazaki Y, Hashimoto S, Okawa K, Tsubouchi A, Nakamura K, Yagi R, Yano H, Kondo A, Iwamatsu A, Mizoguchi A, Sabe H | title = An ADP-ribosylation factor GTPase-activating protein Git2-short/KIAA0148 is involved in subcellular localization of paxillin and actin cytoskeletal organization | journal = Molecular Biology of the Cell | volume = 12 | issue = 3 | pages = 645–62 | date = Mar 2001 | pmid = 11251077 | pmc = 30970 | doi = 10.1091/mbc.12.3.645 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Kim S, Ko J, Shin H, Lee JR, Lim C, Han JH, Altrock WD, Garner CC, Gundelfinger ED, Premont RT, Kaang BK, Kim E | title = The GIT family of proteins forms multimers and associates with the presynaptic cytomatrix protein Piccolo | journal = The Journal of Biological Chemistry | volume = 278 | issue = 8 | pages = 6291–300 | date = Feb 2003 | pmid = 12473661 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.M212287200 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Brill LM, Salomon AR, Ficarro SB, Mukherji M, Stettler-Gill M, Peters EC | title = Robust phosphoproteomic profiling of tyrosine phosphorylation sites from human T cells using immobilized metal affinity chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry | journal = Analytical Chemistry | volume = 76 | issue = 10 | pages = 2763–72 | date = May 2004 | pmid = 15144186 | doi = 10.1021/ac035352d }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Premont RT, Perry SJ, Schmalzigaug R, Roseman JT, Xing Y, Claing A | title = The GIT/PIX complex: an oligomeric assembly of GIT family ARF GTPase-activating proteins and PIX family Rac1/Cdc42 guanine nucleotide exchange factors | journal = Cellular Signalling | volume = 16 | issue = 9 | pages = 1001–11 | date = Sep 2004 | pmid = 15212761 | doi = 10.1016/j.cellsig.2004.02.002 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Jin J, Smith FD, Stark C, Wells CD, Fawcett JP, Kulkarni S, Metalnikov P, O'Donnell P, Taylor P, Taylor L, Zougman A, Woodgett JR, Langeberg LK, Scott JD, Pawson T | title = Proteomic, functional, and domain-based analysis of in vivo 14-3-3 binding proteins involved in cytoskeletal regulation and cellular organization | journal = Current Biology | volume = 14 | issue = 16 | pages = 1436–50 | date = Aug 2004 | pmid = 15324660 | doi = 10.1016/j.cub.2004.07.051 }}
{{refend}}
{{refend}}


{{protein-stub}}
[[Category:Genes mutated in mice]]
{{WikiDoc Sources}}

Latest revision as of 08:45, 31 August 2017

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Identifiers
Aliases
External IDsGeneCards: [1]
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez

n/a

n/a

Ensembl

n/a

n/a

UniProt

n/a

n/a

RefSeq (mRNA)

n/a

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RefSeq (protein)

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Location (UCSC)n/an/a
PubMed searchn/an/a
Wikidata
View/Edit Human

ARF GTPase-activating protein GIT2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the GIT2 gene.[1][2][3]

Function

This gene encodes a member of the GIT protein family. GIT proteins interact with G protein-coupled receptor kinases and possess ADP-ribosylation factor (ARF) GTPase-activating protein (GAP) activity. This gene undergoes extensive alternative splicing; although ten transcript variants have been described, the full length sequence has been determined for only four variants. The various isoforms have functional differences, with respect to ARF GAP activity and to G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 binding.[3]

Model organisms

Model organisms have been used in the study of GIT2 function. A conditional knockout mouse line, called Git2Gt(XG510)Byg[11][12] was generated as part of the International Knockout Mouse Consortium program — a high-throughput mutagenesis project to generate and distribute animal models of disease to interested scientists — at the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute.[13][14][15]

Male and female animals underwent a standardized phenotypic screen to determine the effects of deletion.[9][16] Mice lacking Git2 had no significant defects in viability or fertility,[17][18] so further tests were carried out and four significant phenotypes were reported:[9][16]

Interactions

GIT2 has been shown to interact with GIT1.[19]

References

  1. ↑ Premont RT, Claing A, Vitale N, Freeman JL, Pitcher JA, Patton WA, Moss J, Vaughan M, Lefkowitz RJ (Nov 1998). "beta2-Adrenergic receptor regulation by GIT1, a G protein-coupled receptor kinase-associated ADP ribosylation factor GTPase-activating protein". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 95 (24): 14082–7. doi:10.1073/pnas.95.24.14082. PMC 24330. PMID 9826657.
  2. ↑ Premont RT, Claing A, Vitale N, Perry SJ, Lefkowitz RJ (Jul 2000). "The GIT family of ADP-ribosylation factor GTPase-activating proteins. Functional diversity of GIT2 through alternative splicing". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 275 (29): 22373–80. doi:10.1074/jbc.275.29.22373. PMID 10896954.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 "Entrez Gene: GIT2 G protein-coupled receptor kinase interactor 2".
  4. ↑ "Hot plate data for Git2". Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute.
  5. ↑ "DEXA data for Git2". Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute.
  6. ↑ "Eye morphology data for Git2". Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute.
  7. ↑ "Clinical chemistry data for Git2". Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute.
  8. ↑ "Haematology data for Git2". Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute.
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 Gerdin AK (2010). "The Sanger Mouse Genetics Programme: High throughput characterisation of knockout mice". Acta Ophthalmologica. 88: 925–7. doi:10.1111/j.1755-3768.2010.4142.x.
  10. ↑ Mouse Resources Portal, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute.
  11. ↑ "International Knockout Mouse Consortium".
  12. ↑ "Mouse Genome Informatics".
  13. ↑ Skarnes WC, Rosen B, West AP, Koutsourakis M, Bushell W, Iyer V, Mujica AO, Thomas M, Harrow J, Cox T, Jackson D, Severin J, Biggs P, Fu J, Nefedov M, de Jong PJ, Stewart AF, Bradley A (Jun 2011). "A conditional knockout resource for the genome-wide study of mouse gene function". Nature. 474 (7351): 337–42. doi:10.1038/nature10163. PMC 3572410. PMID 21677750.
  14. ↑ Dolgin E (Jun 2011). "Mouse library set to be knockout". Nature. 474 (7351): 262–3. doi:10.1038/474262a. PMID 21677718.
  15. ↑ Collins FS, Rossant J, Wurst W (Jan 2007). "A mouse for all reasons". Cell. 128 (1): 9–13. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2006.12.018. PMID 17218247.
  16. ↑ 16.0 16.1 van der Weyden L, White JK, Adams DJ, Logan DW (2011). "The mouse genetics toolkit: revealing function and mechanism". Genome Biology. 12 (6): 224. doi:10.1186/gb-2011-12-6-224. PMC 3218837. PMID 21722353.
  17. ↑ Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute. "Viability at Weaning Data for Git2". Mouse Resources Portal. www.sanger.ac.uk. External link in |publisher= (help)
  18. ↑ Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute. "Fertility Data for Git2". Mouse Resources Portal. www.sanger.ac.uk. External link in |publisher= (help)
  19. ↑ Kim S, Ko J, Shin H, Lee JR, Lim C, Han JH, Altrock WD, Garner CC, Gundelfinger ED, Premont RT, Kaang BK, Kim E (Feb 2003). "The GIT family of proteins forms multimers and associates with the presynaptic cytomatrix protein Piccolo". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 278 (8): 6291–300. doi:10.1074/jbc.M212287200. PMID 12473661.

Further reading

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