Leuconostoc: Difference between revisions
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''[[Leuconostoc pseudomesenteroides|L. pseudomesenteroides]]''<br> | ''[[Leuconostoc pseudomesenteroides|L. pseudomesenteroides]]''<br> | ||
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__NOTOC__ | |||
{{CMG}} | |||
==Overview== | |||
'''''Leuconostoc'''''<ref>Björkroth, J., and W. Holzapfel. 2006. Genera Leuconostoc, Oenococcus and Weissella, p.267 -319. In M. Dworkin (ed.), The prokaryotes: a handbook on the biology of bacteria: Firmicutes, Cyanobacteria, vol. 4, 3rd ed. Springer-Verlag, New York, NY. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/0-387-30744-3]</ref> is a genus of [[Gram-positive]] [[bacterium|bacteria]], placed within the family of [[Leuconostocaceae]]. They are generally ovoid [[cocci]] often forming chains. Leuconostoc sp. are intrinsically resistant to [[vancomycin]] and are catalase-negative (which distinguishes them from [[staphylococcus|staphylococci]]). All species within this genus are [[heterofermentative]] and are able to produce [[dextran]] from [[sucrose]]. They are generally slime-forming. | '''''Leuconostoc'''''<ref>Björkroth, J., and W. Holzapfel. 2006. Genera Leuconostoc, Oenococcus and Weissella, p.267 -319. In M. Dworkin (ed.), The prokaryotes: a handbook on the biology of bacteria: Firmicutes, Cyanobacteria, vol. 4, 3rd ed. Springer-Verlag, New York, NY. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/0-387-30744-3]</ref> is a genus of [[Gram-positive]] [[bacterium|bacteria]], placed within the family of [[Leuconostocaceae]]. They are generally ovoid [[cocci]] often forming chains. Leuconostoc sp. are intrinsically resistant to [[vancomycin]] and are catalase-negative (which distinguishes them from [[staphylococcus|staphylococci]]). All species within this genus are [[heterofermentative]] and are able to produce [[dextran]] from [[sucrose]]. They are generally slime-forming. | ||
Blamed for causing the 'stink' when creating a sourdough starter. Some species are also capable of causing human infection.<ref>{{cite journal|author=Vagiakou-Voudris E, Mylona-Petropoulou D, Kalogeropoulou E, Chantzis A, Chini S, Tsiodra P, Malamou-Lada E|title=Multiple liver abscesses associated with bacteremia due to Leuconostoc lactis|title=Scand J Infect Dis|year=2002|volume=34|issue=10|pages=766–7|pmid=12477331}}</ref> Because they are an uncommon cause of disease in humans, standard commercial identification kits are often unable to identify the organism<ref>{{cite journal|title=Accuracies of Leuconostoc phenotypic identification: a comparison of API systems and conventional phenotypic assays|author=Kulwichit W, Nilgate S, Chatsuwan T, ''et al.''|journal=BMC Infectious Diseases|year=2007|volume=7|pages=69|doi=10.1186/1471-2334-7-69}}</ref>. | Blamed for causing the 'stink' when creating a sourdough starter. Some species are also capable of causing human infection.<ref>{{cite journal|author=Vagiakou-Voudris E, Mylona-Petropoulou D, Kalogeropoulou E, Chantzis A, Chini S, Tsiodra P, Malamou-Lada E|title=Multiple liver abscesses associated with bacteremia due to Leuconostoc lactis|title=Scand J Infect Dis|year=2002|volume=34|issue=10|pages=766–7|pmid=12477331}}</ref> Because they are an uncommon cause of disease in humans, standard commercial identification kits are often unable to identify the organism<ref>{{cite journal|title=Accuracies of Leuconostoc phenotypic identification: a comparison of API systems and conventional phenotypic assays|author=Kulwichit W, Nilgate S, Chatsuwan T, ''et al.''|journal=BMC Infectious Diseases|year=2007|volume=7|pages=69|doi=10.1186/1471-2334-7-69}}</ref>. | ||
==Treatment== | |||
===Antimicrobial regimen=== | |||
* Leuconostoc <ref>{{cite book | last = Gilbert | first = David | title = The Sanford guide to antimicrobial therapy | publisher = Antimicrobial Therapy | location = Sperryville, Va | year = 2015 | isbn = 978-1930808843 }}</ref> | |||
:* Preferred regimen (1): [[Penicillin G]] | |||
:* Preferred regimen (2): [[Ampicillin]] | |||
:* Alternative regimen (1): [[Clindamycin]] | |||
:* Alternative regimen (2): [[Erythromycin]] | |||
:* Alternative regimen (3): [[Minocycline]] | |||
== References == | == References == | ||
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[[Category:Lactobacillales]] | [[Category:Lactobacillales]] | ||
[[Category:Infectious Disease Project]] | |||
{{Bacteria-stub}} | {{Bacteria-stub}} | ||
Latest revision as of 17:25, 7 August 2015
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L. carnosum |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [2]
Overview
Leuconostoc[1] is a genus of Gram-positive bacteria, placed within the family of Leuconostocaceae. They are generally ovoid cocci often forming chains. Leuconostoc sp. are intrinsically resistant to vancomycin and are catalase-negative (which distinguishes them from staphylococci). All species within this genus are heterofermentative and are able to produce dextran from sucrose. They are generally slime-forming.
Blamed for causing the 'stink' when creating a sourdough starter. Some species are also capable of causing human infection.[2] Because they are an uncommon cause of disease in humans, standard commercial identification kits are often unable to identify the organism[3].
Treatment
Antimicrobial regimen
- Leuconostoc [4]
- Preferred regimen (1): Penicillin G
- Preferred regimen (2): Ampicillin
- Alternative regimen (1): Clindamycin
- Alternative regimen (2): Erythromycin
- Alternative regimen (3): Minocycline
References
- ↑ Björkroth, J., and W. Holzapfel. 2006. Genera Leuconostoc, Oenococcus and Weissella, p.267 -319. In M. Dworkin (ed.), The prokaryotes: a handbook on the biology of bacteria: Firmicutes, Cyanobacteria, vol. 4, 3rd ed. Springer-Verlag, New York, NY. [1]
- ↑ Vagiakou-Voudris E, Mylona-Petropoulou D, Kalogeropoulou E, Chantzis A, Chini S, Tsiodra P, Malamou-Lada E (2002). "Scand J Infect Dis". 34 (10): 766&ndash, 7. PMID 12477331.
- ↑ Kulwichit W, Nilgate S, Chatsuwan T; et al. (2007). "Accuracies of Leuconostoc phenotypic identification: a comparison of API systems and conventional phenotypic assays". BMC Infectious Diseases. 7: 69. doi:10.1186/1471-2334-7-69.
- ↑ Gilbert, David (2015). The Sanford guide to antimicrobial therapy. Sperryville, Va: Antimicrobial Therapy. ISBN 978-1930808843.