Tacrine: Difference between revisions
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{{drugbox | {{drugbox | ||
| IUPAC_name = 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroacridin-9-amine | | IUPAC_name = 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroacridin-9-amine | ||
| image = | | image =Tacrine2DACS.png | ||
| image2= | | image2=Tacrine3Dan.gif | ||
| width = 132 | | width = 132 | ||
| CAS_number = 321-64-2 | | CAS_number = 321-64-2 | ||
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| routes_of_administration = Oral, rectal | | routes_of_administration = Oral, rectal | ||
}} | }} | ||
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{{SI}} | |||
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==Overview== | |||
'''Tacrine''' is a [[parasympathomimetic]] and a centrally acting [[cholinesterase inhibitor]] (anticholinesterase). It was the first centrally-acting cholinesterase inhibitor approved for the treatment of [[Alzheimer's disease]], and was marketed under the trade name '''Cognex'''. Tacrine was first synthesised by [[Adrien Albert]] at the [[University of Sydney]]. | '''Tacrine''' is a [[parasympathomimetic]] and a centrally acting [[cholinesterase inhibitor]] (anticholinesterase). It was the first centrally-acting cholinesterase inhibitor approved for the treatment of [[Alzheimer's disease]], and was marketed under the trade name '''Cognex'''. Tacrine was first synthesised by [[Adrien Albert]] at the [[University of Sydney]]. | ||
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==References== | ==References== | ||
{{reflist|2}} | |||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||
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{{Anticholinesterases}} | {{Anticholinesterases}} | ||
{{Anti-dementia drugs}} | {{Anti-dementia drugs}} | ||
[[Category:Drug]] | |||
[[Category:Anticholinesterases]] | [[Category:Anticholinesterases]] | ||
[[Category:Antidementia agents]] | [[Category:Antidementia agents]] | ||
Latest revision as of 20:29, 8 April 2015
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| Clinical data | |
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| Pregnancy category | |
| Routes of administration | Oral, rectal |
| ATC code | |
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| Pharmacokinetic data | |
| Bioavailability | 2.4–36% (oral) |
| Protein binding | 55% |
| Metabolism | Hepatic (CYP1A2) |
| Elimination half-life | 2–4 hours |
| Excretion | Renal |
| Identifiers | |
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| CAS Number | |
| PubChem CID | |
| DrugBank | |
| E number | {{#property:P628}} |
| ECHA InfoCard | {{#property:P2566}}Lua error in Module:EditAtWikidata at line 36: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value). |
| Chemical and physical data | |
| Formula | C13H14N2 |
| Molar mass | 198.264 g/mol |
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WikiDoc Resources for Tacrine |
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Most recent articles on Tacrine |
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Evidence Based Medicine |
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Clinical Trials |
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Ongoing Trials on Tacrine at Clinical Trials.gov Clinical Trials on Tacrine at Google
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Guidelines / Policies / Govt |
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US National Guidelines Clearinghouse on Tacrine
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Commentary |
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Definitions |
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Patient Resources / Community |
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Directions to Hospitals Treating Tacrine Risk calculators and risk factors for Tacrine
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Healthcare Provider Resources |
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Causes & Risk Factors for Tacrine |
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Continuing Medical Education (CME) |
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International |
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Experimental / Informatics |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
Tacrine is a parasympathomimetic and a centrally acting cholinesterase inhibitor (anticholinesterase). It was the first centrally-acting cholinesterase inhibitor approved for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease, and was marketed under the trade name Cognex. Tacrine was first synthesised by Adrien Albert at the University of Sydney.
Clinical use
Tacrine was the prototypical cholinesterase inhibitor for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Studies have found that it may have a small beneficial effect on cognition and other clinical measures, though adequate study data is limited and the clinical relevance of these findings is unclear.[1][2]
The use of tacrine is limited by poor oral bioavailability, the necessity for four-times daily dosing, and considerable adverse drug reactions (including nausea, diarrhea, urinary incontinence and hepatotoxicity) such that few patients could tolerate therapeutic doses.[3]
Other newer cholinesterase inhibitors, such as donepezil, are now preferred over tacrine.
Overdosage/Toxicity
As stated above, overdosage of tacrine may giva rise to severe side effects such as nausea, vomiting, salivation, sweating, bradycardia, hypotension, collapse, and colvulsions. Tertiary anticholinergics, such as atropine, may be used as an antidote for overdose.
Major form of metabolism is in the liver via hydroxylation of benzylic carbon by CYP450. This forms the major metabolite 1-hydroxy-tacrine (velnacrine) which is still active.
References
- ↑ Qizilbash N, Whitehead A, Higgins J, et al. Cholinesterase inhibition for Alzheimer disease: a meta-analysis of the tacrine trials. JAMA 1998;280(20):1777-82. PMID 9842955
- ↑ Rang HP, Dale MM, Ritter JM, Moore PK. Pharmacology, 5th edition. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone; 2003.
- ↑ Sweetman S, editor. Martindale: the complete drug reference, 34th ed. London: Pharmaceutical Press; 2004. ISBN 0-85369-550-4
See also
Template:Anticholinesterases Template:Anti-dementia drugs Template:WH Template:WikiDoc Sources
- Pages with script errors
- Drugs with non-standard legal status
- E number from Wikidata
- ECHA InfoCard ID from Wikidata
- Articles without EBI source
- Chemical pages without ChemSpiderID
- Articles without KEGG source
- Articles without InChI source
- Articles without UNII source
- Articles containing unverified chemical infoboxes
- Drug
- Anticholinesterases
- Antidementia agents