Glomus tumor epidemiology and demographics: Difference between revisions

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{{Glomus tumor}}
{{Glomus tumor}}
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==Overview==
==Overview==
The exact [[incidence]] of glomus [[tumors]] is unknown. [[Female|Females]] are more commonly affected with solitary glomus [[tumors]] (particularly subungual lesions) than [[Male|males]], while multiple lesions are slightly more common in [[Male|males]]. [[Solitary]] glomus [[tumors]] can occur at any age; however, multiple glomus [[tumors]] commonly affect children.


==Epidemiology and Demographics==
==Epidemiology and Demographics==
===Incidence===
*The exact [[incidence]] of glomus tumors is unknown.
*Glomus tumors account for 1-5% of all soft-tissue tumors of the upper extremity, occurring in most cases in the nail bed.<ref name="pmid202160462">{{cite journal| author=Nazerani S, Motamedi MH, Keramati MR| title=Diagnosis and management of glomus tumors of the hand. | journal=Tech Hand Up Extrem Surg | year= 2010 | volume= 14 | issue= 1 | pages= 8-13 | pmid=20216046 | doi=10.1097/BTH.0b013e3181c767d4 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=20216046  }}</ref>
*The true [[incidence]] of glomus tumors could be even higher, likely as a result of [[misdiagnosis]] of many of these lesions as [[hemangiomas]] or [[Venous malformation|venous malformations]].
*An [[Epidemiology|epidemiologic]] relationship may exist between glomus [[tumors]] and [[neurofibromatosis]], which most often produces subungual glomus [[tumors]].<ref name="pmid23849732">{{cite journal| author=Harrison B, Moore AM, Calfee R, Sammer DM| title=The association between glomus tumors and neurofibromatosis. | journal=J Hand Surg Am | year= 2013 | volume= 38 | issue= 8 | pages= 1571-4 | pmid=23849732 | doi=10.1016/j.jhsa.2013.05.025 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=23849732  }}</ref><ref name="pmid25426397">{{cite journal| author=Harrison B, Sammer D| title=Glomus tumors and neurofibromatosis: a newly recognized association. | journal=Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open | year= 2014 | volume= 2 | issue= 9 | pages= e214 | pmid=25426397 | doi=10.1097/GOX.0000000000000144 | pmc=4229273 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=25426397  }} </ref>


===Age===
===Age===
 
*[[Solitary]] glomus [[tumors]] can occur at any age.<ref name="pmid25614464">{{cite journal| author=Mravic M, LaChaud G, Nguyen A, Scott MA, Dry SM, James AW| title=Clinical and histopathological diagnosis of glomus tumor: an institutional experience of 138 cases. | journal=Int J Surg Pathol | year= 2015 | volume= 23 | issue= 3 | pages= 181-8 | pmid=25614464 | doi=10.1177/1066896914567330 | pmc=4498398 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=25614464  }}</ref>
Solitary glomus tumors are more frequent in adults than in others. Multiple glomus tumors develop 10-15 years earlier than single lesions; about one third of the cases of multiple tumors occur in those younger than 20 years. Congenital glomus tumors are rare; they are plaquelike in appearance and are considered a variant of multiple glomus tumors.
**While previously thought to occur predominantly in young adults between the ages of 20 and 40 years, they have also been reported to be frequent in older adults between 40 and 70 years of age.
*Multiple glomus [[tumors]] commonly affect children.  
**Multiple glomus [[tumors]] develop 11–15 years earlier than single [[Lesion|lesions]].
**One third of the cases of multiple glomus [[tumors]] affect individuals younger than twenty years of age.


===Gender===
===Gender===
 
*[[Female|Females]] are more commonly affected with solitary glomus [[tumors]] (particularly subungual lesions) than males.<ref name="pmid26808758">{{cite journal| author=Chou T, Pan SC, Shieh SJ, Lee JW, Chiu HY, Ho CL| title=Glomus Tumor: Twenty-Year Experience and Literature Review. | journal=Ann Plast Surg | year= 2016 | volume= 76 Suppl 1 | issue=  | pages= S35-40 | pmid=26808758 | doi=10.1097/SAP.0000000000000684 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=26808758  }} </ref>
Solitary glomus tumors, particularly subungual lesions, are more common in females than in males. Multiple lesions are slightly more common in males.
*Multiple [[Lesion|lesions]] are slightly more common in males.<ref name="pmid14673334">{{cite journal| author=D'Acri AM, Ramos-e-Silva M, Basílio-de-Oliveira C, Cerqueira A, Monteiro D, Pretti G et al.| title=Multiple glomus tumors: recognition and diagnosis. | journal=Skinmed | year= 2002 | volume= 1 | issue= 2 | pages= 94-8 | pmid=14673334 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=14673334  }} </ref>
 
===Developed Countries===
 
'''United States:''' The exact incidence of glomus tumors is unknown. The multiple variant is rare, accounting for less than 10% of all cases. The probable misdiagnosis of many of these lesions as hemangiomas or venous malformations also makes an accurate assessment of incidence difficult.


==References==
==References==
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Latest revision as of 23:55, 23 June 2019

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Soujanya Thummathati, MBBS [2]

Overview

The exact incidence of glomus tumors is unknown. Females are more commonly affected with solitary glomus tumors (particularly subungual lesions) than males, while multiple lesions are slightly more common in males. Solitary glomus tumors can occur at any age; however, multiple glomus tumors commonly affect children.

Epidemiology and Demographics

Incidence

Age

  • Solitary glomus tumors can occur at any age.[4]
    • While previously thought to occur predominantly in young adults between the ages of 20 and 40 years, they have also been reported to be frequent in older adults between 40 and 70 years of age.
  • Multiple glomus tumors commonly affect children.
    • Multiple glomus tumors develop 11–15 years earlier than single lesions.
    • One third of the cases of multiple glomus tumors affect individuals younger than twenty years of age.

Gender

  • Females are more commonly affected with solitary glomus tumors (particularly subungual lesions) than males.[5]
  • Multiple lesions are slightly more common in males.[6]

References

  1. Nazerani S, Motamedi MH, Keramati MR (2010). "Diagnosis and management of glomus tumors of the hand". Tech Hand Up Extrem Surg. 14 (1): 8–13. doi:10.1097/BTH.0b013e3181c767d4. PMID 20216046.
  2. Harrison B, Moore AM, Calfee R, Sammer DM (2013). "The association between glomus tumors and neurofibromatosis". J Hand Surg Am. 38 (8): 1571–4. doi:10.1016/j.jhsa.2013.05.025. PMID 23849732.
  3. Harrison B, Sammer D (2014). "Glomus tumors and neurofibromatosis: a newly recognized association". Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open. 2 (9): e214. doi:10.1097/GOX.0000000000000144. PMC 4229273. PMID 25426397.
  4. Mravic M, LaChaud G, Nguyen A, Scott MA, Dry SM, James AW (2015). "Clinical and histopathological diagnosis of glomus tumor: an institutional experience of 138 cases". Int J Surg Pathol. 23 (3): 181–8. doi:10.1177/1066896914567330. PMC 4498398. PMID 25614464.
  5. Chou T, Pan SC, Shieh SJ, Lee JW, Chiu HY, Ho CL (2016). "Glomus Tumor: Twenty-Year Experience and Literature Review". Ann Plast Surg. 76 Suppl 1: S35–40. doi:10.1097/SAP.0000000000000684. PMID 26808758.
  6. D'Acri AM, Ramos-e-Silva M, Basílio-de-Oliveira C, Cerqueira A, Monteiro D, Pretti G; et al. (2002). "Multiple glomus tumors: recognition and diagnosis". Skinmed. 1 (2): 94–8. PMID 14673334.


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