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{{Primary tumors of the heart}}
{{Primary tumors of the heart}}
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{{CMG}}; '''Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief:''' {{CZ}}
{{CMG}}; '''Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief:''' {{CZ}}, {{DMakkar}}
==Overview==
 
Cardiac MRI is regarded as the gold standard after echocardiograph for evaluating a suspected cardiac tumor due to its unique ability to provide non-invasive tissue characterization in conjunction with excellent temporal resolution and absence of exposure to ionizing radiation.
 
==MRI==
 
*Cardiac MRI scan may be further used to investigate the cardiac tumors after initial diagnostic testing with an echocardiograph.
*Findings on MRI suggestive of/diagnostic of different cardiac cancers include:
{| class="wikitable"
|+ Cardiac Tumors MRI Findings
|-
! Tumor  !! MRI Finding
|-
| '''[[Myxoma]]''' ||  * Oval mobile left [[atrial]] lesion
* Heterogenous enhancement
* Attachment to [[fossa ovalis]]<ref name="pmid15627179">{{cite journal| author=Luna A, Ribes R, Caro P, Vida J, Erasmus JJ| title=Evaluation of cardiac tumors with magnetic resonance imaging. | journal=Eur Radiol | year= 2005 | volume= 15 | issue= 7 | pages= 1446-55 | pmid=15627179 | doi=10.1007/s00330-004-2603-y | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=15627179  }} </ref>
|-
| '''[[Rhabdomyoma]]''' ||  * Multiple masses isointense to [[muscle tissue]] on T1 images
* Hyperintense on T2 images<ref name="pmid15627179">{{cite journal| author=Luna A, Ribes R, Caro P, Vida J, Erasmus JJ| title=Evaluation of cardiac tumors with magnetic resonance imaging. | journal=Eur Radiol | year= 2005 | volume= 15 | issue= 7 | pages= 1446-55 | pmid=15627179 | doi=10.1007/s00330-004-2603-y | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=15627179  }} </ref>
|-
| '''[[Cardiac Fibroma]]''' ||  * Solitary mass
* Low intensity on T2 weighted image<ref name="pmid15627179">{{cite journal| author=Luna A, Ribes R, Caro P, Vida J, Erasmus JJ| title=Evaluation of cardiac tumors with magnetic resonance imaging. | journal=Eur Radiol | year= 2005 | volume= 15 | issue= 7 | pages= 1446-55 | pmid=15627179 | doi=10.1007/s00330-004-2603-y | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=15627179  }} </ref>
|-
| '''[[Fibroelastoma]]''' || * T1 and T2 weighted images show uniform intermediate signal intensity similar to [[myocardium]]
* Homogeneous late gadolinium contrast enhancement<ref name="pmid15627179">{{cite journal| author=Luna A, Ribes R, Caro P, Vida J, Erasmus JJ| title=Evaluation of cardiac tumors with magnetic resonance imaging. | journal=Eur Radiol | year= 2005 | volume= 15 | issue= 7 | pages= 1446-55 | pmid=15627179 | doi=10.1007/s00330-004-2603-y | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=15627179  }} </ref>
 
|-
|'''[[Hemangioma]]''' || * Intermediate density on T1 images
* Hypointense on T2 images
* Multicystic enhancing lesion
* Involvement of [[epicardium]] or [[pericardium]]<ref name="pmid15627179">{{cite journal| author=Luna A, Ribes R, Caro P, Vida J, Erasmus JJ| title=Evaluation of cardiac tumors with magnetic resonance imaging. | journal=Eur Radiol | year= 2005 | volume= 15 | issue= 7 | pages= 1446-55 | pmid=15627179 | doi=10.1007/s00330-004-2603-y | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=15627179  }} </ref>
 
|-
| '''[[Cardiac Lipoma]]''' || * [[Epicardial]] or intramural lesion
* High intensity on T1 weighted image
* Drop out on [[fat]] saturation images<ref name="pmid15627179">{{cite journal| author=Luna A, Ribes R, Caro P, Vida J, Erasmus JJ| title=Evaluation of cardiac tumors with magnetic resonance imaging. | journal=Eur Radiol | year= 2005 | volume= 15 | issue= 7 | pages= 1446-55 | pmid=15627179 | doi=10.1007/s00330-004-2603-y | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=15627179  }} </ref>


==Overview==
|-
|'''[[Paraganglioma]]''' || * Well defined lesion arising from [[Atrial|atrial walls]] or [[Interatrial septum|septum]]
* Bright on T2 weighted imaging<ref name="pmid15627179">{{cite journal| author=Luna A, Ribes R, Caro P, Vida J, Erasmus JJ| title=Evaluation of cardiac tumors with magnetic resonance imaging. | journal=Eur Radiol | year= 2005 | volume= 15 | issue= 7 | pages= 1446-55 | pmid=15627179 | doi=10.1007/s00330-004-2603-y | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=15627179  }} </ref>
 
|-
| '''Atrioventricular Node Tumor''' || * Hypointense [[Cardiac mass causes|cardiac mass]] on standard imaging
* Hyperintensity on late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) images with heterogeneous contrast enhancement
|-
| '''[[Fibrosarcoma]]''' || * Heterogenous or isointense to [[myocardium]] on T1 weighted images<ref name="pmid15627179">{{cite journal| author=Luna A, Ribes R, Caro P, Vida J, Erasmus JJ| title=Evaluation of cardiac tumors with magnetic resonance imaging. | journal=Eur Radiol | year= 2005 | volume= 15 | issue= 7 | pages= 1446-55 | pmid=15627179 | doi=10.1007/s00330-004-2603-y | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=15627179  }} </ref>
|-
| '''[[Angiosarcoma]]''' || * Arterial phase enhancement<ref name="pmid15627179">{{cite journal| author=Luna A, Ribes R, Caro P, Vida J, Erasmus JJ| title=Evaluation of cardiac tumors with magnetic resonance imaging. | journal=Eur Radiol | year= 2005 | volume= 15 | issue= 7 | pages= 1446-55 | pmid=15627179 | doi=10.1007/s00330-004-2603-y | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=15627179  }} </ref>
|-
| '''[[Rhabdomyosarcoma]]''' || * Intermediate-to-hypointensity compared with [[muscle]] on T1 images
* Hyperintense on T2-weighted imaging with heterogeneous contrast enhancement<ref name="pmid15627179">{{cite journal| author=Luna A, Ribes R, Caro P, Vida J, Erasmus JJ| title=Evaluation of cardiac tumors with magnetic resonance imaging. | journal=Eur Radiol | year= 2005 | volume= 15 | issue= 7 | pages= 1446-55 | pmid=15627179 | doi=10.1007/s00330-004-2603-y | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=15627179  }} </ref>


==MRI Imaging in Cardiac Tumors==
|}


[[Image:Myxoma CMR.gif|left|600px|thumb|MRI: Cardiac myxoma]]
[[Image:Myxoma CMR.gif|left|600px|thumb|MRI: Cardiac myxoma]]
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==References==
==References==
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{{reflist|2}}
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[[Category:Up to Date]]
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[[Category:Cardiology]]
[[Category:Cardiology]]
[[Category:Oncology]]
[[Category:Types of cancer]]
[[Category:Types of cancer]]
[[Category:Cardiovascular system]]
[[Category:Cardiovascular system]]
 
[[Category:Up-To-Date]]
 
[[Category:Oncology]]
 
[[Category:Medicine]]
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Latest revision as of 19:03, 14 July 2022

Cardiac tumors Microchapters

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief: Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [2], Dheeraj Makkar, M.D.[3]

Overview

Cardiac MRI is regarded as the gold standard after echocardiograph for evaluating a suspected cardiac tumor due to its unique ability to provide non-invasive tissue characterization in conjunction with excellent temporal resolution and absence of exposure to ionizing radiation.

MRI

  • Cardiac MRI scan may be further used to investigate the cardiac tumors after initial diagnostic testing with an echocardiograph.
  • Findings on MRI suggestive of/diagnostic of different cardiac cancers include:
Cardiac Tumors MRI Findings
Tumor MRI Finding
Myxoma * Oval mobile left atrial lesion
Rhabdomyoma * Multiple masses isointense to muscle tissue on T1 images
  • Hyperintense on T2 images[1]
Cardiac Fibroma * Solitary mass
  • Low intensity on T2 weighted image[1]
Fibroelastoma * T1 and T2 weighted images show uniform intermediate signal intensity similar to myocardium
  • Homogeneous late gadolinium contrast enhancement[1]
Hemangioma * Intermediate density on T1 images
Cardiac Lipoma * Epicardial or intramural lesion
  • High intensity on T1 weighted image
  • Drop out on fat saturation images[1]
Paraganglioma * Well defined lesion arising from atrial walls or septum
  • Bright on T2 weighted imaging[1]
Atrioventricular Node Tumor * Hypointense cardiac mass on standard imaging
  • Hyperintensity on late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) images with heterogeneous contrast enhancement
Fibrosarcoma * Heterogenous or isointense to myocardium on T1 weighted images[1]
Angiosarcoma * Arterial phase enhancement[1]
Rhabdomyosarcoma * Intermediate-to-hypointensity compared with muscle on T1 images
  • Hyperintense on T2-weighted imaging with heterogeneous contrast enhancement[1]
MRI: Cardiac myxoma


References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 Luna A, Ribes R, Caro P, Vida J, Erasmus JJ (2005). "Evaluation of cardiac tumors with magnetic resonance imaging". Eur Radiol. 15 (7): 1446–55. doi:10.1007/s00330-004-2603-y. PMID 15627179.

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