Premature ovarian failure: Difference between revisions

	Premature ovarian failure;
ICD-10	E28.3
ICD-9	256.31
DiseasesDB	9441
MeSH	D016649

	Premature ovarian failure Microchapters
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Patient Information
Overview
Historical Perspective
Classification
Pathophysiology
Causes
Differentiating Premature ovarian failure from other Diseases
Epidemiology and Demographics
Risk Factors
Screening
Natural History, Complications and Prognosis
Diagnosis
History and Symptoms
Physical Examination
Laboratory Findings
Electrocardiogram
X Ray
CT
MRI
Ultrasound
Other Imaging Findings
Other Diagnostic Studies
Treatment
Medical Therapy
Surgery
Primary Prevention
Secondary Prevention
Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy
Future or Investigational Therapies
Case Studies
Case #1
Premature ovarian failure On the Web
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Premature ovarian failure All Images X-rays Echo & Ultrasound CT Images MRI
Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Premature ovarian failure

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Latest revision as of 15:25, 25 July 2016

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:

For patient information click here

Differentiating Premature ovarian failure from other Diseases

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

Treatment

Case Studies

Case #1

Related Chapters

Impaired Ovarian Reserve

Premature Menopause

External links

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, National Institutes of Health, NICHD Information Resource Center, Do I have Premature Ovarian Failure? NIH pub. No. 03-5159, August 2003. You can order free copies by calling 1-800-370-2943, and it’s also available for download at http://www.nichd.nih.gov/publications/pubs/pof/upload/premature_ovarian_failure.pdf

National Institutes of Health/ Premature Ovarian Failure website http://eclipse.nichd.nih.gov/nichd/deb/geuPOF/resources.htm

Current POF Clinical trials via the NIH recruiting patients http://www.clinicaltrials.gov and search “premature ovarian failure”

"What's The Best Approach To Spontaneous Premature Ovarian Failure?", by Dr. Lawrence Nelson, Principal Investigator at NIH for POF research studies/clinical trials. http://pof.nichd.nih.gov/Contemp_ObGyn_2004_POF.pdf

Women with premature menopause at increased risk for potentially fatal adrenal condition-early diagnosis can lead to effective treatment, NIH News Release. http://www.nih.gov/news/pr/aug2002/nichd-30.htm. Nelson, L., 2002.

Irregular periods in young women could be warning sign for later osteoporosis, NIH News Release. http://www.nih.gov/news/pr/may2002/nichd-29.htm. Nelson, L., 2002.

References

Template:WikiDoc Sources

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 __NOTOC__
+{{Premature ovarian failure}}
+{{CMG}}; {{AE}}
+'''For patient information click [[{{PAGENAME}} (patient information)|here]]'''
 {{Infobox_Disease |
    Name        = {{PAGENAME}} |
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    MeshID         = D016649 |
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-{{Search infobox}}
-'''For patient information click [[{{PAGENAME}} (patient information)|here]]'''
+==[[Premature ovarian failure overview|Overview]]==
+==[[Premature ovarian failure historical perspective|Historical Perspective]]==
-{{CMG}}
+==[[Premature ovarian failure classification|Classification]]==
-==Overview==
+==[[Premature ovarian failure pathophysiology|Pathophysiology]]==
-'''Premature Ovarian Failure''' (POF) affects approximately 1-4% of the female population in the U.S., which is about 150,000 to 600,000 women. Normally, ovaries supply women with eggs until about age 51, the average age of natural [[menopause]]. POF is not menopause in that the dysfunction of the ovaries, loss of eggs, or removal of the ovaries at a young age is not a natural physiological occurrence. Infertility is the result of this condition, and is the most discussed problem resulting from it, but there are additional health implications of the problem, and studies are on-going. For example, osteoporosis or decreased bone density affects almost all women with POF due to an insufficiency of estrogen. There is also an increased risk of heart disease, [[hypothyroidism]] in the form of [[Hashimoto's thyroiditis]], [[Addison's disease]], and other auto-immune disorders for women with POF.
-==Pathophysiology==
+==[[Premature ovarian failure differential diagnosis|Differentiating Premature ovarian failure from other Diseases]]==
-Hormonally, POF is defined by abnormally low levels of [[estrogen]] and high levels of [[FSH]], which demonstrate that the ovaries are no longer responding to circulating FSH by producing estrogen and developing fertile eggs. The ovaries will likely appear shriveled. Age of onset can be as early as the teenage years but varies widely. If a girl never begins menstruation, it is called primary ovarian failure. The age of 40 was chosen as the cut-off point for a diagnosis of POF somewhat arbitrarily&mdash;as all women's ovaries decline in function over time, an age needed to be chosen to distinguish usual menopause from the abnormal state of premature menopause. However, premature ovarian failure often has components to it that distinguish it from normal menopause. By the age of 40, approximately one percent of women have POF. Women suffering from POF usually experience menopausal symptoms, which are generally more severe than the symptoms found in older menopausal women.
+==[[Premature ovarian failure epidemiology and demographics|Epidemiology and Demographics]]==
-==Causes==
+==[[Premature ovarian failure risk factors|Risk Factors]]==
-The cause of POF is usually idiopathic. Some cases of POF are attributed to [[autoimmune disorder]]s, others to genetic disorders such as [[Turner syndrome]] and [[Fragile X syndrome]]. In many cases, the cause cannot be determined. Chemotherapy and radiation treatments for cancer can sometimes cause ovarian failure. In natural menopause, the ovaries usually continue to produce low levels of hormones, but in chemotherapy or radiation-induced POF, the ovaries will often cease all functioning and hormone levels will be similar to those of a woman whose ovaries have been removed. Women who have had their tubes tied, or who have had hysterectomies, tend to go through menopause several years earlier than average, likely due to decreased blood flow to the ovaries. Family history and ovarian or other pelvic surgery earlier in life are also implicated as risk factors for POF.
+==[[Premature ovarian failure screening|Screening]]==
-==Laboratory Findings==
+==[[Premature ovarian failure natural history, complications and prognosis|Natural History, Complications and Prognosis]]==
-Serum Luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicule-Stimulating hormone (FSH) measurement can be used to diagnose the disease. The anterior pituitary secretes FSH and LH at high levels due to the dysfunction of the ovaries and consequent low estrogen levels.
+==Diagnosis==
+[[Premature ovarian failure history and symptoms|History and Symptoms ]] | [[ Premature ovarian failure physical examination|Physical Examination]] | [[Premature ovarian failure laboratory findings|Laboratory Findings]] | [[Premature ovarian failure electrocardiogram|Electrocardiogram]] | [[Premature ovarian failure x ray|X Ray]] | [[Premature ovarian failure CT|CT]] | [[Premature ovarian failure MRI|MRI]] | [[Premature ovarian failure ultrasound|Ultrasound]] | [[Premature ovarian failure other imaging findings|Other Imaging Findings]] | [[Premature ovarian failure other diagnostic studies|Other Diagnostic Studies]]
-==Fertility==
+==Treatment==
-Between 5 and 10 percent of women with POF may spontaneously become pregnant. Currently no fertility treatment has been found to effectively increase fertility in women with POF, and the use of donor eggs and adoption have become more popular as a means of becoming parents for women with POF. Some women with POF choose to live child-free.
+[[Premature ovarian failure medical therapy|Medical Therapy]] | [[Premature ovarian failure surgery |Surgery]] | [[Premature ovarian failure primary prevention|Primary Prevention]] | [[Premature ovarian failure secondary prevention|Secondary Prevention]] | [[Premature ovarian failure cost-effectiveness of therapy|Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy]] | [[Premature ovarian failure future or investigational therapies|Future or Investigational Therapies]]
-==References==
+==Case Studies==
-{{Reflist|2}}
+[[Premature ovarian failure case study one|Case #1]]
 ==Related Chapters==
@@ Line 44: / Line 50: @@
 ==External links==
 U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, National Institutes of Health, NICHD Information Resource Center, Do I have Premature Ovarian Failure? NIH pub. No. 03-5159, August 2003. You can order free copies by calling 1-800-370-2943, and it’s also available for download at http://www.nichd.nih.gov/publications/pubs/pof/upload/premature_ovarian_failure.pdf
@@ Line 57: / Line 62: @@
 Irregular periods in young women could be warning sign for later osteoporosis, NIH News Release. http://www.nih.gov/news/pr/may2002/nichd-29.htm. Nelson, L., 2002.
+==References==
+{{reflist|2}}
 {{Endocrine pathology}}
-[[Category:Menopause]]
-[[Category:Fertility]]
 [[Category:Gynecology]]
-[[Category:Menstruation]]
 [[Category:Endocrinology]]
-[[Category:Overview complete]]
 {{WikiDoc Help Menu}}
 {{WikiDoc Sources}}

v t e Endocrine pathology: endocrine diseases (E00-35, 240-259)
Thyroid	Hypothyroidism (Iodine deficiency, Cretinism, Congenital hypothyroidism, Goitre, Myxedema) - Hyperthyroidism (Graves disease, Toxic multinodular goitre, Teratoma with thyroid tissue or Struma ovarii) - Thyroiditis (De Quervain's thyroiditis, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, Riedel's thyroiditis) - Euthyroid sick syndrome
Pancreas	Diabetes mellitus (type 1, type 2, coma, angiopathy, ketoacidosis, nephropathy, neuropathy, retinopathy) - Hypoglycemia - Hyperinsulinism - Zollinger-Ellison syndrome - insulin receptor (Rabson-Mendenhall syndrome)
Parathyroid	Hypoparathyroidism (Pseudohypoparathyroidism) - Hyperparathyroidism (Primary, Secondary, Tertiary)
Pituitary	Hyperpituitarism (Acromegaly, Hyperprolactinaemia, SIADH) - Hypopituitarism (Simmonds' disease / Sheehan's syndrome, Kallmann syndrome, Growth hormone deficiency, Diabetes insipidus) - Adiposogenital dystrophy - Empty sella syndrome - Hypophysitis
Adrenal	Cushing's syndrome (Nelson's syndrome, Pseudo-Cushing's syndrome) - CAH (Lipoid, 3β, 11β, 17α, 21α) - Hyperaldosteronism (Conn syndrome, Bartter syndrome) - Adrenal insufficiency (Addison's disease) - Hypoaldosteronism
Gonads	Ovarian dysfunction (Polycystic ovary syndrome, Premature ovarian failure) - Testicular dysfunction (5-alpha-reductase deficiency) - Testosterone biosynthesis (17-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase deficiency) - General (Hypogonadism, Delayed puberty, Precocious puberty)
Other	Androgen insensitivity syndrome - Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome - Carcinoid syndrome - Gigantism - Short stature (Laron syndrome, Psychogenic dwarfism) - Multiple endocrine neoplasia (1, 2) - Progeria - Woodhouse-Sakati syndrome

Premature ovarian failure
ICD-10	E28.3
ICD-9	256.31
DiseasesDB	9441
MeSH	D016649