Spherocytosis medical therapy: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
==Medical Therapy== | |||
; Treatment of Acute Symptoms | |||
Acute symptoms of [[anemia]] and hyperbilirubinemia can indicate treatment with '''[[blood transfusion]]s or exchanges'''. Transfusions treat [[anemia]] by adding healthy donor blood to the patient's own, providing needed [[red blood cells]]. As the transfused blood does not contain elliptocytes, it will not be hemolysed per se, but the overactive spleen may still break down a significant proportion of the transfused blood. Exchanges treat hyperbilirubinemia by replacing some portion of the patient's blood with healthy donor blood, thus removing some portion of the toxic [[bilirubin]]. | |||
; Treatment of Chronic Symptoms | |||
Iron supplementation supports the increased production of red blood cells, but in longstanding cases in which patients have taken supplemental [[iron]] or received numerous [[blood transfusion]]s, [[iron overload]] may be a significant problem, being a potential cause of [[cardiomyopathy]] and [[liver disease]]. If there is [[iron overload]], [[chelation therapy]] with agents such as desferrioxamine may be necessary. | |||
;Treatment of the Underlying Disorder | |||
Both measures described above treat the symptoms, not the cause of the disorder. Non-hereditary spherocytosis has several causes, each treated differently. Experimental [[gene therapy]] exists to treat [[hereditary spherocytosis]] in lab mice; however, this treatment has not yet been tried on humans and because of the risks involved in human gene therapy, it may never be. See also [[Hereditary spherocytosis]]. | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{reflist|2}} | {{reflist|2}} | ||
Latest revision as of 16:36, 21 September 2012
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Spherocytosis Microchapters |
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Spherocytosis medical therapy On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Spherocytosis medical therapy |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Spherocytosis medical therapy |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
Medical Therapy
- Treatment of Acute Symptoms
Acute symptoms of anemia and hyperbilirubinemia can indicate treatment with blood transfusions or exchanges. Transfusions treat anemia by adding healthy donor blood to the patient's own, providing needed red blood cells. As the transfused blood does not contain elliptocytes, it will not be hemolysed per se, but the overactive spleen may still break down a significant proportion of the transfused blood. Exchanges treat hyperbilirubinemia by replacing some portion of the patient's blood with healthy donor blood, thus removing some portion of the toxic bilirubin.
- Treatment of Chronic Symptoms
Iron supplementation supports the increased production of red blood cells, but in longstanding cases in which patients have taken supplemental iron or received numerous blood transfusions, iron overload may be a significant problem, being a potential cause of cardiomyopathy and liver disease. If there is iron overload, chelation therapy with agents such as desferrioxamine may be necessary.
- Treatment of the Underlying Disorder
Both measures described above treat the symptoms, not the cause of the disorder. Non-hereditary spherocytosis has several causes, each treated differently. Experimental gene therapy exists to treat hereditary spherocytosis in lab mice; however, this treatment has not yet been tried on humans and because of the risks involved in human gene therapy, it may never be. See also Hereditary spherocytosis.