Histoplasmosis: Difference between revisions

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   Image          = Histoplasmosis capsulatum.jpg |
   Image          = Histoplasmosis capsulatum.jpg |
   Caption        = ''[[Histoplasma capsulatum]]''. Methenamine [[silver stain]] showing histopathologic changes in histoplasmosis. |
   Caption        = ''[[Histoplasma capsulatum]]''. Methenamine [[silver stain]] showing histopathologic changes in histoplasmosis. |
  DiseasesDB    = 5925 |
  ICD10          = {{ICD10|B|39||b|35}} |
  ICD9          = {{ICD9|115}} |
  ICDO          = |
  OMIM          = |
  MedlinePlus    = 001082 |
  MeshID        = D006660 |
}}
}}
{{Histoplasmosis}}
{{Histoplasmosis}}
{{About1|Histoplasma capsulatum}}


'''For patient information click [[{{PAGENAME}} (patient information)|here]]'''
'''For patient information click [[{{PAGENAME}} (patient information)|here]]'''


{{CMG}}
{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{SSK}}, {{VB}}, {{PTD}}, {{AKI}}


{{SK}} Ajellomyces capsulatus; Darling disease; Darling's disease
{{SK}} Ajellomyces capsulatus; Darling's disease; Cave's disease; Ohio valley disease; Spelunker's lung.


==Overview==
==[[Histoplasmosis overview|Overview]]==


==Pathogen==
==[[Histoplasmosis historical perspective|Historical Perspective]]==


==Symptoms==
==[[Histoplasmosis pathophysiology|Pathophysiology]]==
If symptoms of histoplasmosis infection occur, they will start within 3 to 17 days after exposure; the average is 12-14 days. Most affected individuals have clinically-silent manifestations and show no apparent ill effects.<ref name=Silberberg_2007>{{cite web | title = Radiology Teaching Files: Case 224856 (Histoplasmosis) | author = Silberberg P | url = http://www.mypacs.net/cases/HISTOPLASMOSIS-224856.html}}</ref>The [[Acute (medical)|acute]] phase of histoplasmosis is characterized by non-specific respiratory symptoms, often cough or flu-like. [[Chest X-ray]] findings are normal in 40-70% of cases.<ref name=Silberberg_2007 /> Chronic histoplasmosis cases can  resemble [[tuberculosis]]; disseminated histoplasmosis affects multiple organ systems and is fatal unless treated.


While histoplasmosis is the most common cause of fibrosing [[mediastinitis]], this remains a relatively rare disease.  Severe infections can cause [[hepatosplenomegaly]], [[lymphadenopathy]], and adrenal enlargement.  Lesions have a tendency to ''calcify'' as they heal.
==[[Histoplasma capsulatum|Causes]]==


[[Presumed ocular histoplasmosis syndrome|Ocular histoplasmosis]] damages the retina of the eyes.  Scar tissue is left on the retina which can experience leakage, resulting in a loss of vision not unlike [[macular degeneration]].
==[[Histoplasmosis differential diagnosis|Differentiating Histoplasmosis from other Diseases]]==


==Treatment==
==[[Histoplasmosis epidemiology and demographics|Epidemiology and Demographics]]==
[[Antifungal]] medications are used to treat severe cases of acute histoplasmosis and all cases of chronic and disseminated disease. Typical treatment of severe disease first involves treatment with [[amphotericin B]], followed by oral [[itraconazole]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.merck.com/mmhe/sec17/ch197/ch197g.html |title=Histoplasmosis: Fungal Infections: Merck Manual Home Edition |format= |work=}}</ref> In many milder cases, simply itraconazole is sufficient. Asymptomatic disease is typically not treated. Past infection results in partial protection against ill effects if reinfected.
 
==[[Histoplasmosis risk factors|Risk Factors]]==


==Prevention==
==[[Histoplasmosis natural history, complications and prognosis|Natural History, Complications and Prognosis]]==


==References==
==Diagnosis==
<references/>
[[Histoplasmosis history and symptoms|History and Symptoms]] | [[Histoplasmosis physical examination|Physical Examination]] | [[Histoplasmosis laboratory findings|Laboratory Findings]] | [[Histoplasmosis chest x ray|Chest X Ray]] | [[Histoplasmosis CT|CT]] | [[Histoplasmosis other imaging findings|Other Imaging Findings]] | [[Histoplasmosis other diagnostic studies|Other Diagnostic Studies]]


''Note: The original version of this article is adapted from the U.S. CDC public domain document at http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dbmd/diseaseinfo/histoplasmosis_g.htm ''
==Treatment==
[[Histoplasmosis medical therapy|Medical Therapy]] | [[Histoplasmosis surgery|Surgery]] | [[Histoplasmosis primary prevention|Primary Prevention]]  | [[Histoplasmosis secondary prevention|Secondary Prevention]]


==External links==
*[http://www.nei.nih.gov/health/histoplasmosis/index.asp Histoplasmosis] Resource Guide from the National Eye Institute (NEI).
*[http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2005-109/ NIOSH - Histoplasmosis - Protecting Workers at Risk]
*[http://www.fibrosing-mediastinitis.com/ Fibrosing Mediastinitis]


{{Mycoses}}
{{Mycoses}}
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[[Category:Fungal diseases]]
[[Category:Fungal diseases]]
[[Category:Rat carried diseases]]
[[Category:Rat carried diseases]]
[[Category:Overview complete]]
[[Category:Emergency mdicine]]
 
[[Category:Disease]]
[[de:Histoplasmose]]
[[Category:Up-To-Date]]
[[es:Histoplasmosis]]
[[Category:Infectious disease]]
[[fr:Histoplasmose]]
[[Category:Pulmonology]]
[[hu:Histoplasmosis]]
[[Category:Gastroenterology]]
[[nl:Histoplasmose]]
[[pl:Histoplazmoza]]
[[pt:Histoplasmose]]
 
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Latest revision as of 22:11, 29 July 2020

Histoplasmosis
Histoplasma capsulatum. Methenamine silver stain showing histopathologic changes in histoplasmosis.

Histoplasmosis Microchapters

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Overview

Historical Perspective

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Causes

Differentiating Histoplasmosis from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

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Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

History and Symptoms

Physical Examination

Laboratory Findings

Chest X Ray

CT

Other Imaging Findings

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This page is about clinical aspects of the disease.  For microbiologic aspects of the causative organism(s), see Histoplasma capsulatum.

For patient information click here

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Serge Korjian M.D., Vidit Bhargava, M.B.B.S [2], Prince Tano Djan, BSc, MBChB [3], Aravind Kuchkuntla, M.B.B.S[4]

Synonyms and keywords: Ajellomyces capsulatus; Darling's disease; Cave's disease; Ohio valley disease; Spelunker's lung.

Overview

Historical Perspective

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Histoplasmosis from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

History and Symptoms | Physical Examination | Laboratory Findings | Chest X Ray | CT | Other Imaging Findings | Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Medical Therapy | Surgery | Primary Prevention | Secondary Prevention


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