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{{Hypernatremia}} | {{Hypernatremia}} | ||
{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{FT}} | |||
==Overview== | |||
Effective measures for the primary prevention of hypernatremia include an increase in water intake during increased insensible water losses. A low-sodium diet will reduce oral solute intake and therefore decrease renal water loss. | |||
==Primary Prevention== | |||
Effective measures for the primary prevention of hypernatremia include:<ref name="pmid1215">{{cite journal |vauthors=Khuchua TO, Sukhareva BS |title=[Effect of pH and pyridoxal phosphate on the quaternary structure of E. coli glutamate decarboxylase] |language=Russian |journal=Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR |volume=225 |issue=2 |pages=457–9 |date=November 1975 |pmid=1215 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid2014">{{cite journal |vauthors=Poole-Wilson PA, Langer GA, Priluck IA, Buettner H, Robertson DM |title=Effect of pH on ionic exchange and function in rat and rabbit myocardium |journal=Am. J. Physiol. |volume=229 |issue=3 |pages=570–81 |date=September 1975 |pmid=2014 |doi=10.1152/ajplegacy.1975.229.3.570 |url=}}</ref> | |||
* Increase in water intake during increased insensible water losses | |||
*A low-sodium diet will reduce oral solute intake and therefore decrease renal water loss. | |||
*Urine output should be monitored in patients with renal insufficiency and the inability to drink water. | |||
*Basic metabolic profile should be monitored for electrolytes in patients with urinary losses and should be replaced adequately. | |||
*Adequate water intake is encouraged in patients who are immobile and in patients with impaired thirst. | |||
*Increased water intake is recommended in patients with fever. | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{Reflist|2}} | |||
{{Reflist|2}} | {{Reflist|2}} | ||
{{WH}} | {{WH}} | ||
{{WS}} | {{WS}} | ||
[[Category:Needs content]] | [[Category:Needs content]] | ||
[[Category:Inborn errors of metabolism]] | [[Category:Inborn errors of metabolism]] | ||
[[Category:Blood tests]] | [[Category:Blood tests]] | ||
[[Category:Emergency medicine]] | [[Category:Emergency medicine]] | ||
[[Category:Intensive care medicine]] | [[Category:Intensive care medicine]] | ||
[[Category:Nephrology]] | |||
[[Category:Electrolyte disturbance]] | |||
Latest revision as of 18:20, 16 May 2018
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Feham Tariq, MD [2]
Overview
Effective measures for the primary prevention of hypernatremia include an increase in water intake during increased insensible water losses. A low-sodium diet will reduce oral solute intake and therefore decrease renal water loss.
Primary Prevention
Effective measures for the primary prevention of hypernatremia include:[1][2]
- Increase in water intake during increased insensible water losses
- A low-sodium diet will reduce oral solute intake and therefore decrease renal water loss.
- Urine output should be monitored in patients with renal insufficiency and the inability to drink water.
- Basic metabolic profile should be monitored for electrolytes in patients with urinary losses and should be replaced adequately.
- Adequate water intake is encouraged in patients who are immobile and in patients with impaired thirst.
- Increased water intake is recommended in patients with fever.
References
- ↑ Khuchua TO, Sukhareva BS (November 1975). "[Effect of pH and pyridoxal phosphate on the quaternary structure of E. coli glutamate decarboxylase]". Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR (in Russian). 225 (2): 457–9. PMID 1215.
- ↑ Poole-Wilson PA, Langer GA, Priluck IA, Buettner H, Robertson DM (September 1975). "Effect of pH on ionic exchange and function in rat and rabbit myocardium". Am. J. Physiol. 229 (3): 570–81. doi:10.1152/ajplegacy.1975.229.3.570. PMID 2014.