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| __NOTOC__
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| {{Thoracic Aortic Disease}}
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| ==Overview==
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| ==ACC/AHA Guidelines - Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Patients With Thoracic Aortic Disease (DO NOT EDIT) <ref name="pmid20233780">{{cite journal| author=Hiratzka LF, Bakris GL, Beckman JA, Bersin RM, Carr VF, Casey DE et al.| title=2010 ACCF/AHA/AATS/ACR/ASA/SCA/SCAI/SIR/STS/SVM guidelines for the diagnosis and management of patients with Thoracic Aortic Disease: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines, American Association for Thoracic Surgery, American College of Radiology, American Stroke Association, Society of Cardiovascular Anesthesiologists, Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions, Society of Interventional Radiology, Society of Thoracic Surgeons, and Society for Vascular Medicine. | journal=Circulation | year= 2010 | volume= 121 | issue= 13 | pages= e266-369 | pmid=20233780 | doi=10.1161/CIR.0b013e3181d4739e | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=20233780 }} </ref>==
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| ===Class I Recommendations===
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| ====Smoking cessation====
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| {{cquote|
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| 1. Smoking cessation and avoidance of exposure to environmental tobacco smoke at work and home are recommended. Follow-up, referral to special programs, and/or pharmacotherapy (including nicotine replacement, buproprion, or varenicline) is useful, as is adopting a stepwise strategy aimed at smoking cessation (the 5 A’s are Ask, Advise, Assess, Assist, and Arrange). (Level of Evidence: B)}}
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| ===Class IIa Recommendations===
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| ====Dyslipidemia====
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| {{cquote|
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| 1. Treatment with a statin to achieve a target LDL cholesterol of less than 70 mg/dL is reasonable for patients with a coronary heart disease risk equivalent such as noncoronary atherosclerotic disease, atherosclerotic aortic aneurysm, and coexistent coronary heart disease at high risk for coronary ischemic events. (Level of Evidence: A)}}
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| ==ACC/AHA Guidelines - Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Patients With Thoracic Aortic Disease: Organ Protection (DO NOT EDIT) <ref name="pmid20233780">{{cite journal| author=Hiratzka LF, Bakris GL, Beckman JA, Bersin RM, Carr VF, Casey DE et al.| title=2010 ACCF/AHA/AATS/ACR/ASA/SCA/SCAI/SIR/STS/SVM guidelines for the diagnosis and management of patients with Thoracic Aortic Disease: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines, American Association for Thoracic Surgery, American College of Radiology, American Stroke Association, Society of Cardiovascular Anesthesiologists, Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions, Society of Interventional Radiology, Society of Thoracic Surgeons, and Society for Vascular Medicine. | journal=Circulation | year= 2010 | volume= 121 | issue= 13 | pages= e266-369 | pmid=20233780 | doi=10.1161/CIR.0b013e3181d4739e | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=20233780 }} </ref>==
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| ===Class I Recommendations===
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| ====Brain protection during Ascending aortic and Transverse aortic arch surgery====
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| {{cquote|
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| 1. A brain protection strategy to prevent stroke and preserve cognitive function should be a key element of the surgical, anesthetic, and perfusion techniques used to accomplish repairs of the ascending aorta and transverse aortic arch. (Level of Evidence: B)}}
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| ====Spinal cord protection during Descending aortic open surgical and endovascular repairs====
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| {{cquote|
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| 1. Cerebrospinal fluid drainage is recommended as a spinal cord protective strategy in open and endovascular thoracic aortic repair for patients at high risk of spinal cord ischemic injury. (Level of Evidence: B)}}
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| ===Class III Recommendations===
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| ====Brain protection during Ascending aortic and Transverse aortic arch surgery====
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| {{cquote|
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| 1. Perioperative brain hyperthermia is not recommended in repairs of the ascending aortic and transverse aortic arch as it is probably injurious to the brain. (Level of Evidence: B)}}
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| ===Class IIa Recommendations===
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| ====Brain protection during Ascending aortic and Transverse aortic arch surgery====
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| {{cquote|
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| 1. Deep hypothermic circulatory arrest, selective antegrade brain perfusion, and retrograde brain perfusion are techniques that alone or in combination are reasonable to minimize brain injury during surgical repairs of the ascending aorta and transverse aortic arch. Institutional experience is an important factor in selecting these techniques. (Level of Evidence: B)}}
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| ====Spinal cord protection during Descending aortic open surgical and endovascular repairs====
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| {{cquote|
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| 1. Spinal cord perfusion pressure optimization using techniques, such as proximal aortic pressure maintenance and distal aortic perfusion, is reasonable as an integral part of the surgical, anesthetic, and perfusion strategy in open and endovascular thoracic aortic repair patients at high risk of spinal cord ischemic injury. Institutional experience is an important factor in selecting these techniques.380,382,714,715 (Level of Evidence: B)
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| 2. Moderate systemic hypothermia is reasonable for protection of the spinal cord during open repairs of the descending thoracic aorta. (Level of Evidence: B)}}
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| ==References==
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| {{Reflist|2}}
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| [[Category:Needs content]]
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| [[Category:Cardiology]]
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