Congenital heart disease echocardiography: Difference between revisions

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Latest revision as of 03:35, 8 December 2022

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor-In-Chief: Keri Shafer, M.D. [2], Atif Mohammad, M.D., Priyamvada Singh, MBBS

Echocardiography

Fetal Echocardiography

Fetal Echocardiography (M-Mode) along with Doppler ultrasonography, have helped to diagnose the abnormalities in structure and function of fetal heart in utero. It could be done as early as 16 weeks of gestation. It has helped the physicians to make better management plans for pregnancy, delivery, post-natal period and parental counseling. M-mode Echocardiography can also pick arrhythmia in utero. The early detection of arrhythmia is of great importance, as it could be treated by maternal administration of anti-arrhythmic drugs like digoxin, procainamide, propranolol (reaches the fetus transplacentally)or could be directly injected to the umbilical veins of fetus.

Echocardiography in Newborns and Adults

It has become the standard for diagnosis of congenital heart malformations. It could diagnose malformations like coarctation of aorta, patent ductus arteriosus, hypoplastic left heart syndrome and others with great confidence.^[1] Patent ductus arteriosus is a poor example as its patency is physiological during pregnancy. Coarctation of aorta is a very difficult diagnosis during fetal life and also a poor example of the great performance of featl cardiac ultrasonography.

2018 AHA/ACC Guideline for the Management of Adults With Congenital Heart Disease: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines^[2]

Recommendations for Echocardiography

Class I
1.Intraoperative TEE is recommended to guide surgical repair of CHD in adults. (Level of Evidence: B-NR)
2.Patients with ACHD should undergo transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) for initial assessment, with timing of serial assessment based on anatomic and physiological severity and clinical status.(Level of Evidence: C-EO)

References

↑ Braunwald Zipes Libby. Heart disease: A textbook of cardiovascular medicine, 6th Edition chapter 43:W.B. Saunders ;.pp 1523
↑ Stout KK, Daniels CJ, Aboulhosn JA, Bozkurt B, Broberg CS, Colman JM; et al. (2019). "2018 AHA/ACC Guideline for the Management of Adults With Congenital Heart Disease: Executive Summary: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines". J Am Coll Cardiol. 73 (12): 1494–1563. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2018.08.1028. PMID 30121240.

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[1] Braunwald Zipes Libby. Heart disease: A textbook of cardiovascular medicine, 6th Edition chapter 43:W.B. Saunders ;.pp 1523

[pmid30121240-2] Stout KK, Daniels CJ, Aboulhosn JA, Bozkurt B, Broberg CS, Colman JM; et al. (2019). "2018 AHA/ACC Guideline for the Management of Adults With Congenital Heart Disease: Executive Summary: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines". J Am Coll Cardiol. 73 (12): 1494–1563. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2018.08.1028. PMID 30121240.

[1]

[2]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 __NOTOC__
 {{Congenital heart disease}}
+{{CMG}} '''Associate Editor-In-Chief:''' [[User:KeriShafer|Keri Shafer, M.D.]] [mailto:kshafer@bidmc.harvard.edu], Atif Mohammad, M.D., [[Priyamvada Singh]], [[MBBS]]
-{{CMG}}
-'''Associate Editor-In-Chief:''' [[User:KeriShafer|Keri Shafer, M.D.]] [mailto:kshafer@bidmc.harvard.edu], Atif Mohammad, M.D., [[Priyamvada Singh]], [[MBBS]]
-==Overview==
 ==Echocardiography==
-*'''[[Fetal Echocardiography]]'''
+====Fetal Echocardiography====
-Fetal Echocardiography (M-Mode) along with Doppler ultrasonography, have helped to diagnose the abnormalities in structure and function of fetal heart in utero. It could be done as early as 16 weeks of gestation. It has helped the physicians to make better management plans for pregnancy, delivery, post-natal period and parental counseling. M-mode Echocardiography can also pick arrhythmia in utero. The early detection of arrhythmia are of great importance, as it could be treated by maternal administration of anti-arrhythmic drugs like digoxin, procainamide, propranolol (reaches the fetus transplacentally)or could be directly injected to the umbilical veins of fetus.
+Fetal Echocardiography (M-Mode) along with Doppler ultrasonography, have helped to diagnose the abnormalities in structure and function of fetal heart in utero. It could be done as early as 16 weeks of [[gestation]]. It has helped the physicians to make better management plans for pregnancy, delivery, post-natal period and parental counseling. M-mode Echocardiography can also pick arrhythmia [[in utero]]. The early detection of [[arrhythmia]] is of great importance, as it could be treated by maternal administration of anti-arrhythmic drugs like [[digoxin]], [[procainamide]], [[propranolol]] (reaches the fetus transplacentally)or could be directly injected to the [[umbilical vein]]s of [[fetus]].
+====Echocardiography in Newborns and Adults====
-*'''[[ Echocardiography in newborns and adults]]
+It has become the standard for diagnosis of congenital heart malformations. It could diagnose malformations like [[coarctation of aorta]], [[patent ductus arteriosus]], [[hypoplastic left heart syndrome]] and others with great confidence.<ref> Braunwald Zipes Libby.  Heart disease: A textbook of cardiovascular medicine, 6th Edition chapter 43:W.B. Saunders ;.pp 1523</ref>
+Patent ductus arteriosus is a  poor example as its patency is physiological during pregnancy.
+Coarctation of aorta is a very difficult diagnosis during fetal life and also a poor example of the great performance of featl cardiac ultrasonography.
-It has become the standard for diagnosis of congenital heart malformations. It could diagnose malformations like coarctation of aorta, patent ductus arteriosus, hypoplastic left heart syndrome and others with great confidence.<ref> Braunwald Zipes Libby.  Heart disease: A textbook of cardiovascular medicine, 6th Edition chapter 43:W.B. Saunders ;.pp 1523</ref>
+== 2018 AHA/ACC Guideline for the Management of Adults With Congenital Heart Disease: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines<ref name="pmid30121240">{{cite journal| author=Stout KK, Daniels CJ, Aboulhosn JA, Bozkurt B, Broberg CS, Colman JM | display-authors=etal| title=2018 AHA/ACC Guideline for the Management of Adults With Congenital Heart Disease: Executive Summary: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines. | journal=J Am Coll Cardiol | year= 2019 | volume= 73 | issue= 12 | pages= 1494-1563 | pmid=30121240 | doi=10.1016/j.jacc.2018.08.1028 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=30121240  }}</ref> ==
+=== Recommendations for Echocardiography ===
+{| class="wikitable"
+|-
+| colspan="1" style="text-align:center; background:LightGreen" |[[ACC AHA guidelines classification scheme#Classification of Recommendations|Class I]]
+|-
+| bgcolor="LightGreen" |'''1.'''Intraoperative TEE is recommended to guide surgical repair of CHD in adults. ''(Level of Evidence: B-NR)''
+|-
+| bgcolor="LightGreen" |'''2.'''Patients with ACHD should undergo transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) for initial assessment, with timing of serial assessment based on anatomic and physiological severity and clinical status.''(Level of Evidence: C-EO)''
+|}
 ==References==
 {{Reflist|2}}
@@ Line 36: / Line 43: @@
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+[[Category:Needs overview]]
 [[Category:Cardiology]]
 [[Category:Congenital heart disease]]
-[[Category:Genetic Disease]]
+[[Category:Genetic disorders]]
+[[Category:Disease]]
 [[Category:Pediatrics]]
 {{WikiDoc Help Menu}}
 {{WikiDoc Sources}}

v t e Congenital malformations and deformations of circulatory system (Q20-Q28, 745-747)
Cardiac chambers and connections	Persistent truncus arteriosus - Double outlet right ventricle (Taussig-Bing syndrome) - Transposition of the great vessels (dextro, levo)
Cardiac septa	Ventricular septal defect - Atrial septal defect (Lutembacher's syndrome) - Atrioventricular septal defect (Ostium primum) - Tetralogy of Fallot - Eisenmenger's syndrome
Right: pulmonary and tricuspid valves	pulmonary valves (stenosis, insufficiency) - tricuspid valves (stenosis, atresia) - Ebstein's anomaly
Left: aortic and mitral valves	aortic valves (stenosis, insufficiency, bicuspid) - mitral valves (stenosis, regurgitation) - Hypoplastic left heart syndrome
Other congenital malformations of heart	Dextrocardia - Levocardia - Cor triatriatum
Great arteries	aorta (Patent ductus arteriosus, Aortic coarctation, Interrupted aortic arch, Overriding aorta, Aneurysm of sinus of Valsalva, Vascular ring) - Pulmonary atresia
Great veins	Persistent left superior vena cava - Total anomalous pulmonary venous connection - Scimitar syndrome
Other	Arteriovenous malformation (Cerebral arteriovenous malformation)
See also non-congenital conditions (I, 390-459)