Hepatitis D risk factors: Difference between revisions
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{{Hepatitis D}} | {{Hepatitis D}} | ||
{{CMG}} | {{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{JS}} {{JM}} | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Common risk factors in the development of hepatitis D include [[intravenous drug use]], sexual intercourse with infected individuals, [[hemodialysis]], and occupational exposure to infected individuals and blood products <ref name=WHO>{{cite web | title = Hepatitis D | url = http://www.who.int/csr/disease/hepatitis/HepatitisD_whocdscsrncs2001_1.pdf }}</ref><ref name=CDC>{{cite web | title = Hepatitis D (CDC) | url = http://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/HDV/index.htm }}</ref>. | |||
== Risk Factors == | == Risk Factors == | ||
* | Since [[HDV]] requires the support of [[hepatitis B virus]] for its own replication, inoculation with [[HDV]] in the absence of [[HBV]] will not cause [[hepatitis D]]. Alone, the [[viral]] [[genome]] replicates in a helper-independent manner, but the viral particles do not exit the cell.<ref name=WHO>{{cite web | title = Hepatitis D | url = http://www.who.int/csr/disease/hepatitis/HepatitisD_whocdscsrncs2001_1.pdf }}</ref><ref name=CDC>{{cite web | title = Hepatitis D (CDC) | url = http://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/HDV/index.htm }}</ref> | ||
*Men | |||
*Hemodialysis patients | When in the presence of [[hepatitis B virus]], [[risk factor]]s for [[hepatitis D]] include: | ||
* | * Using [[intravenous]] ([[IV]]) or injection drugs | ||
Health care and public safety workers | * Being infected while pregnant (the mother can pass the virus to the baby) | ||
* Carrying the [[hepatitis B virus]] | |||
* Men having sexual intercourse with other men | |||
* Sexual intercourse with HDV infected persons | |||
* Receiving many [[blood transfusions]] | |||
* People exposed to unscreened [[blood]] or [[blood]] products | |||
* [[Haemophilia|Haemophiliacs]] | |||
* [[Hemodialysis]] patients | |||
* Health care and public safety workers | |||
* Individuals who are not infected with [[HBV]], and have not been [[vaccine|immunized]] against [[HBV]], are at risk of [[infection]] with [[HBV]] with simultaneous or subsequent infection with [[HDV]]. | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{reflist|2}} | {{reflist|2}} | ||
{{WH}} | |||
{{WS}} | |||
[[Category:Hepatitis|D]] | [[Category:Hepatitis|D]] | ||
[[Category:Viruses]] | [[Category:Viruses]] | ||
[[Category:Emergency mdicine]] | |||
[[Category:Disease]] | |||
[[Category:Up-To-Date]] | |||
[[Category:Infectious disease]] | |||
[[Category:Hepatology]] | |||
[[Category:Gastroenterology]] | |||
Latest revision as of 22:06, 29 July 2020
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Hepatitis D |
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Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
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Hepatitis D risk factors On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Hepatitis D risk factors |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Hepatitis D risk factors |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: João André Alves Silva, M.D. [2] Jolanta Marszalek, M.D. [3]
Overview
Common risk factors in the development of hepatitis D include intravenous drug use, sexual intercourse with infected individuals, hemodialysis, and occupational exposure to infected individuals and blood products [1][2].
Risk Factors
Since HDV requires the support of hepatitis B virus for its own replication, inoculation with HDV in the absence of HBV will not cause hepatitis D. Alone, the viral genome replicates in a helper-independent manner, but the viral particles do not exit the cell.[1][2]
When in the presence of hepatitis B virus, risk factors for hepatitis D include:
- Using intravenous (IV) or injection drugs
- Being infected while pregnant (the mother can pass the virus to the baby)
- Carrying the hepatitis B virus
- Men having sexual intercourse with other men
- Sexual intercourse with HDV infected persons
- Receiving many blood transfusions
- People exposed to unscreened blood or blood products
- Haemophiliacs
- Hemodialysis patients
- Health care and public safety workers
- Individuals who are not infected with HBV, and have not been immunized against HBV, are at risk of infection with HBV with simultaneous or subsequent infection with HDV.
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 "Hepatitis D" (PDF).
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 "Hepatitis D (CDC)".