Diastolic dysfunction causes: Difference between revisions

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Latest revision as of 12:03, 30 January 2013

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Assistant Editor(s)-in-Chief: Rim Halaby

Overview

Diastolic dysfunction is the mechanical abnormality of the heart to properly relax and fill with blood during diastole. Several medical conditions may cause this to occur; namely cardiovascular conditions, genetic conditions, pulmonary conditions, rheumatologic conditions, and diabetes.

Causes

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular	No underlying causes
Cardiovascular	Aortic stenosis; Constrictive pericarditis; Effusive-constrictive pericarditis; Hypertrophic heart diseases; Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM); Ischemia; Mitral stenosis; Myocardial infarction and scar; Pericardial effusion; Restrictive cardiomyopathy; Systolic dysfunction
Chemical / poisoning	No underlying causes
Dermatologic	No underlying causes
Drug Side Effect	No underlying causes
Ear Nose Throat	No underlying causes
Endocrine	Diabetes
Environmental	No underlying causes
Gastroenterologic	No underlying causes
Genetic	Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM)
Hematologic	No underlying causes
Iatrogenic	No underlying causes
Infectious Disease	No underlying causes
Musculoskeletal / Ortho	No underlying causes
Neurologic	No underlying causes
Nutritional / Metabolic	Glycogen storage disease; Hemochromatosis; Amyloidosis
Obstetric/Gynecologic	No underlying causes
Oncologic	No underlying causes
Opthalmologic	No underlying causes
Overdose / Toxicity	No underlying causes
Psychiatric	No underlying causes
Pulmonary	Sarcoidosis
Renal / Electrolyte	No underlying causes
Rheum / Immune / Allergy	Hypereosinophilic syndrome; Sarcoidosis
Sexual	No underlying causes
Trauma	No underlying causes
Urologic	No underlying causes
Miscellaneous	No underlying causes

Causes in Alphabetical Order

Amyloidosis
Aortic stenosis
Constrictive pericarditis
Diabetes
Effusive-constrictive pericarditis
Glycogen storage disease
Hemochromatosis
Hypereosinophilic syndrome
Hypertrophic heart diseases(for example, as seen in hypertension)
Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM)
Infiltrative diseases ( for example, amyloidosis)
Ischemia
Mitral stenosis
Myocardial infarction and scar
Pericardial effusion
Restrictive cardiomyopathy
Sarcoidosis
Systolic dysfunction

References

Template:WH Template:WS

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 __NOTOC__
 {{Diastolic dysfunction}}
-{{CMG}}
+{{CMG}}; '''Assistant Editor(s)-in-Chief:''' [[User:Rim Halaby|Rim Halaby]]
 ==Overview==
-[[Diastolic dysfunction]] is the mechanical abnormality of the heart to properly relax and fill with blood during [[diastole]]. Several medical conditions may lead to diastolic dysfunction and they include impaired myocardial relaxation, increased myocardial stiffness and extrinsic constraint on the heart.
+[[Diastolic dysfunction]] is the mechanical abnormality of the heart to properly relax and fill with blood during [[diastole]]. Several medical conditions may cause this to occur; namely cardiovascular conditions, genetic conditions, pulmonary conditions, rheumatologic conditions, and [[diabetes]].
 ==Causes==
-*'''1- Impaired extent and/or speed of myocardial relaxation:'''
-**Myocardial relaxation is an ATP dependent process regulated by the rate of re-uptake of cytoplasmic calcium into the sarcoplasmic reticulum.
+===Causes by Organ System===
-**Low concentration of calcium, as seen in [[ischemia]], is associated with a slowed down myocardial relaxation.
+{|style="width:70%; height:100px" border="1"
-*'''2- Increased myocardial stiffness:'''
+|style="height:100px"; style="width:25%" border="1" bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | '''Cardiovascular'''
-**Myocardial stiffness can be secondary to cardiac muscle hypertrophy (for example as seen in [[hypertension]])
+|style="height:100px"; style="width:75%" border="1" bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
-**Myocardial stiffness can be the result of [[infiltrative diseases]] like [[amyloidosis]].
+|-
-**Scarred heart muscle,occurring after a heart attack, scars are relatively stiff.
+|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
-**[[Diabetes]] can be a cause of cardiac stiffness as a result of [[glycosylation]] of the heart muscle.
+| '''Cardiovascular'''
-*'''3- Extrinsic constraints:'''
+|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Aortic stenosis]]; [[Constrictive pericarditis]]; [[Effusive-constrictive pericarditis]]; [[Hypertrophic heart diseases]]; [[Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy]] ([[HOCM]]); [[Ischemia]]; [[Mitral stenosis]]; [[Myocardial infarction]] and scar; [[Pericardial effusion]]; [[Restrictive cardiomyopathy]]; [[Systolic dysfunction]]
-**Extrinsic constraints can be seen in pericardial compression
+|-
-*'''4- Chamber dilatation:'''
+|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
-**Severe systolic dysfunction that has led to ventricular dilation can be associated with diastolic dysfunction. When the ventricle has been stretched to a certain point, any further attempt to stretch it more, as by blood trying to enter it from the left atrium, meets with increased resistance and thus decrease compliance.
+| '''Chemical / poisoning'''
-*5'''- Miscelleneous:'''
+|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
-**In [[mitral stenosis]], blood cannot readily flow out from the [[left atrium]] into the [[left ventricle]] since the valve between those two heart chambers is blocked which causes the blood to back up into the left atrium and, eventually, the lungs. [[Pulmonary edema]] may result.
+|-
-**Diastolic dysunction secondary to [[mitral stenosis]] is especially seen when the heart rate is elevated, as occurs in [[exercise]] and [[pregnancy]]. Thus, there will be insufficient time for the blood to traverse the narrowed passageway (i.e. [[mitral valve]]) between the [[left atrium]] and [[left ventricle]].<ref>Mann D.L., Chakinala M. (2012). Chapter 234. Heart Failure and Cor Pulmonale. In D.L. Longo, A.S. Fauci, D.L. Kasper, S.L. Hauser, J.L. Jameson, J. Loscalzo (Eds), Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 18e.</ref>
+|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
+| '''Dermatologic'''
+|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
+|-
+|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
+| '''Drug Side Effect'''
+|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
+|-
+|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
+| '''Ear Nose Throat'''
+|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
+|-
+|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
+| '''Endocrine'''
+|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Diabetes]]
+|-
+|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
+| '''Environmental'''
+|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
+|-
+|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
+| '''Gastroenterologic'''
+|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
+|-
+|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
+| '''Genetic'''
+|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy]] ([[HOCM]])
+|-
+|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
+| '''Hematologic'''
+|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
+|-
+|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
+| '''Iatrogenic'''
+|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
+|-
+|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
+| '''Infectious Disease'''
+|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
+|-
+|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
+| '''Musculoskeletal / Ortho'''
+|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
+|-
+|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
+| '''Neurologic'''
+|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
+|-
+|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
+| '''Nutritional / Metabolic'''
+|bgcolor="Beige"|[[Glycogen storage disease]]; [[Hemochromatosis]]; [[Amyloidosis]]
+|-
+|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
+| '''Obstetric/Gynecologic'''
+|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
+|-
+|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
+| '''Oncologic'''
+|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
+|-
+|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
+| '''Opthalmologic'''
+|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
+|-
+|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
+| '''Overdose / Toxicity'''
+|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
+|-
+|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
+| '''Psychiatric'''
+|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
+|-
+|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
+| '''Pulmonary'''
+|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Sarcoidosis]]
+|-
+|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
+| '''Renal / Electrolyte'''
+|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
+|-
+|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
+| '''Rheum / Immune / Allergy'''
+|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Hypereosinophilic syndrome]]; [[Sarcoidosis]]
+|-
+|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
+| '''Sexual'''
+|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
+|-
+|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
+| '''Trauma'''
+|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
+|-
+|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
+| '''Urologic'''
+|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
+|-
+|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
+| '''Miscellaneous'''
+|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
+|-
+|}
+===Causes in Alphabetical Order===
+*[[Amyloidosis]]
+*[[Aortic stenosis]]
+*[[Constrictive pericarditis]]
+*[[Diabetes]]
+*[[Effusive-constrictive pericarditis]]
+*[[Glycogen storage disease]]
+*[[Hemochromatosis]]
+*[[Hypereosinophilic syndrome]]
+*[[Hypertrophic heart diseases]](for example, as seen in [[hypertension]])
+*[[Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy]] ([[HOCM]])
+*[[Infiltrative diseases]] ( for example, [[amyloidosis]])
+*[[Ischemia]]
+*[[Mitral stenosis]]
+*[[Myocardial infarction]] and scar
+*[[Pericardial effusion]]
+*[[Restrictive cardiomyopathy]]
+*[[Sarcoidosis]]
+*[[Systolic dysfunction]]
 ==References==
@@ Line 31: / Line 151: @@
 [[Category:Cardiomyopathy]]
 [[Category:Disease]]
+[[Category:Up-To-Date cardiology]]
+[[Category:Up-To-Date]]