Hemoptysis causes: Difference between revisions
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__NOTOC__ | __NOTOC__ | ||
{{Hemoptysis }} | {{Hemoptysis}} | ||
{{CMG}} | {{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{TSA}}; {{SSH}} | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Life-threatening causes of hemoptysis include [[pulmonary embolism]]. Common causes of hemoptysis include bronchiectasis, [[Respiratory tract infection|acute respiratory tract infections]], [[chronic obstructive pulmonary disease]], [[bronchitis]], [[pneumonia]], [[lung cancer]], [[tuberculosis]], [[cystic fibrosis]], and [[idiopathic]]. Less common causes of hemoptysis include ruptured [[Aneurysm|aneurysms]], [[lung abscess]], [[aspergilloma]], [[idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis]], [[behçet's disease]], aortobronchial [[fistula]], pulmonary [[endometriosis]], [[goodpasture syndrome]], and [[Pulmonary aspiration|foreign body aspiration]]. | |||
==Causes== | ==Causes== | ||
===Life Threatening Causes=== | |||
*Hemoptysis may be a life-threatening condition depending on the severity of [[bleeding]] and must be treated appropriately. | |||
*Life-threatening causes of hemoptysis include: | |||
**[[Pulmonary embolism]] | |||
===Common Causes=== | ===Common Causes=== | ||
*Common causes of hemoptysis include:<ref name="pmid12816036">{{cite journal |vauthors=Mal H, Thabut G, Plantier L |title=[Hemoptysis] |language=French |journal=Rev Prat |volume=53 |issue=9 |pages=975–9 |year=2003 |pmid=12816036 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid15731957">{{cite journal |vauthors=Allewelt M, Lode H |title=[Diagnosis of haemoptoe/haemoptysis] |language=German |journal=Dtsch. Med. Wochenschr. |volume=130 |issue=9 |pages=450–2 |year=2005 |pmid=15731957 |doi=10.1055/s-2005-863074 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid21442867">{{cite journal |vauthors=Liippo K, Vasankari T |title=[Hemoptysis] |language=Finnish |journal=Duodecim |volume=127 |issue=2 |pages=178–84 |year=2011 |pmid=21442867 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid26293972">{{cite journal |vauthors=Ramírez Mejía AR, Méndez Montero JV, Vásquez-Caicedo ML, Bustos García de Castro A, Cabeza Martínez B, Ferreirós Domínguez J |title=Radiological Evaluation and Endovascular Treatment of Hemoptysis |journal=Curr Probl Diagn Radiol |volume=45 |issue=3 |pages=215–24 |year=2016 |pmid=26293972 |doi=10.1067/j.cpradiol.2015.07.007 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid29404145">{{cite journal |vauthors=Yazıcıoğlu A, Yekeler E, Yazıcı Ü, Aydın E, Taştepe İ, Karaoğlanoğlu N |title=Management of Massive Hemoptysis: Analyses of 58 Patients |journal=Turk Thorac J |volume=17 |issue=4 |pages=148–152 |year=2016 |pmid=29404145 |doi=10.5152/TurkThoracJ.2016.002 |url=}}</ref> | |||
** [[Bronchiectasis]] | |||
** [[Respiratory tract infection|Acute respiratory tract infections]] | |||
** [[Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease]] | |||
**[[Bronchitis]] | |||
**[[Pneumonia]] | |||
**[[Lung cancer]] | |||
**[[Tuberculosis]] | |||
**[[Cystic fibrosis]] | |||
**[[Idiopathic]] | |||
* [[ | === Less Common Causes === | ||
* [[ | * Less common causes of hemoptysis include:<ref name="NoëJaffé2011">{{cite journal|last1=Noë|first1=G.D.|last2=Jaffé|first2=S.M.|last3=Molan|first3=M.P.|title=CT and CT angiography in massive haemoptysis with emphasis on pre-embolization assessment|journal=Clinical Radiology|volume=66|issue=9|year=2011|pages=869–875|issn=00099260|doi=10.1016/j.crad.2011.03.001}}</ref><ref name="pmid25955625">{{cite journal |vauthors=Earwood JS, Thompson TD |title=Hemoptysis: evaluation and management |journal=Am Fam Physician |volume=91 |issue=4 |pages=243–9 |year=2015 |pmid=25955625 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | ||
* [[Lung | ** Ruptured [[Aneurysm|aneurysms]] which include: | ||
* [[Aspergilloma]] | *** Ruptured [[aortic aneurysm]] | ||
* [[ | *** Ruptured [[bronchial artery]] [[aneurysm]] | ||
* [[ | *** Ruptured [[pulmonary artery]] [[aneurysm]] | ||
* [[ | ** [[Lung abscess]] | ||
* [[ | **[[Aspergillosis|Aspergilloma]] | ||
* [[ | ** [[Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis]] | ||
* [[ | ** [[Behçet's disease]] | ||
** Aortobronchial [[fistula]] | |||
* Pulmonary [[endometriosis]] | |||
* [[Goodpasture syndrome]] | |||
* [[Pulmonary aspiration|Foreign body aspiration]] | |||
===Causes by Organ System=== | ===Causes by Organ System=== | ||
{|style="width:80%; height:100px" border="1" | {| style="width:80%; height:100px" border="1" | ||
| | | style="width:25%" bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" ; border="1" | '''Cardiovascular''' | ||
| | | style="width:75%" bgcolor="Beige" ; border="1" | [[Congenital pulmonary anomalies#Agenesis, Aplasia, and Hypoplasia|Absence of pulmonary artery]], [[Acute respiratory distress syndrome|adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)]], [[aortic aneurysm]], [[Fistula|arterial bronchial fistula]], [[arteritis]], [[arteriovenous malformation]], [[bronchial artery]] [[aneurysm]], [[Bronchial veins|Bronchial]] [[varices]], [[cardiac failure]], [[Single ventricle|common ventricle]], [[congenital heart disease]], [[Congenital heart disease|congenital mitral malformation]], [[Mitral stenosis|congenital mitral stenosis]], [[congestive heart failure]], [[Ehlers-Danlos syndrome#Classification|Ehler-danlos syndrome (vascular type)]], [[Eisenmenger syndrome]], [[fat embolism]], [[heart failure]], [[Valvular heart disease|heart valve damage]], [[hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia]], [[Congenital pulmonary anomalies#Agenesis, Aplasia, and Hypoplasia|isolated unilateral absence of pulmonary artery]], [[Mitral regurgitation pathophysiology|left atrial hypertension]], [[left atrial myxoma]], [[Hypersensitivity vasculitis|leukocytoclastic angiitis]], [[Peripartum cardiomyopathy|Meadows syndrome]], [[microscopic polyangiitis]], [[mitral stenosis]], [[polyarteritis nodosa]], [[Portal vein thrombosis|portal vein obstruction]], [[pulmonary arteriovenous fistula]], [[pulmonary arteriovenous malformation]], [[pulmonary artery agenesis]], [[Pulmonary artery|pulmonary artery rupture]], [[pulmonary artery stenosis]], [[pulmonary embolism]], [[Hemangioma|pulmonary hemangioma]], [[pulmonary hypertension]], [[pulmonary infarction]], [[Thrombosis|pulmonary thrombosis]], [[pulmonary vein stenosis]], [[Rasmussen's aneurysm]], [[Aortic aneurysm|ruptured aortic aneurysm]], [[Arteriovenous fistula|ruptured arteriovenous fistula]], [[Pulmonary embolism|septic pulmonary emboli]], [[tetralogy of Fallot]], [[Fistula|tracheal-innominate artery fistula]], [[Endocarditis|tricuspid endocarditis]], [[vasculitis]], [[Wegener granulomatosis]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | |- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | ||
| '''Chemical / poisoning''' | | '''Chemical / poisoning''' | ||
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Nitrogen dioxide]] | | bgcolor="Beige" |[[Asbestosis]], [[chronic berylliosis]], [[cocaine]], [[crack cocaine]], [[Chemotherapy|cytotoxic drug use]], [[Nitrogen dioxide|inhalation of nitrogen dioxide]], [[Pesticide#Health effects|inhalation of pesticides]], [[Naphtha|naphtha poisoning]], [[Sulfuric acid|sulfuric acid poisoning]], [[Toluene diisocyanate|toluene diisocyanate poisoning]], [[Vanadium#Compounds|vanadium poisoning]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | |- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | ||
| '''Dermatologic''' | | '''Dermatologic''' | ||
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Follicular hamartoma-alopecia | | bgcolor="Beige" |[[Hamartoma|Follicular hamartoma]]-[[alopecia]]-[[cystic fibrosis]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | |- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | ||
| '''Drug Side Effect''' | | '''Drug Side Effect''' | ||
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[ | | bgcolor="Beige" |[[Amiodarone]], [[anticoagulants]], [[aspirin]], [[bedaquiline fumarate]], [[bevacizumab]], [[Cidofovir]], [[cocaine]], [[crack cocaine]], [[Chemotherapy|cytotoxic drug use]], [[dicoumarol]], [[Herbal extract|herbal agent adverse reaction]], [[penicillamine]], [[Pentamidine Isethionate]], [[phenprocoumon]], [[pramipexole]], [[propylthiouracil]], [[rifapentin]],[[sertraline]], [[Tiagabine]], [[warfarin]], [[zonisamide]], | ||
|- | |- | ||
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | |- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | ||
| '''Ear Nose Throat''' | | '''Ear Nose Throat''' | ||
|bgcolor="Beige"| | | bgcolor="Beige" |[[Carcinoma of the vocal tract]], [[Vocal cords|laceration vocal cords]], [[laryngeal carcinoma]], [[laryngitis]], [[Nasopharyngeal carcinoma|oropharyngeal cancer]], [[Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (patient information)|pharyngeal cancer]], [[Polyp (medicine)|pharyngeal polyps]], [[Tumor|pharyngeal tumor]], [[Ulcer|pharyngeal ulceration]], [[Epistaxis|severe nosebleed]], [[stomatitis]], [[tonsillectomy]], [[tonsillitis]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | |- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | ||
| '''Endocrine''' | | '''Endocrine''' | ||
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes | | bgcolor="Beige" |No underlying causes | ||
|- | |- | ||
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | |- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | ||
| '''Environmental''' | | '''Environmental''' | ||
|bgcolor="Beige"| | | bgcolor="Beige" | [[Asbestosis]], [[chronic berylliosis]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | |- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | ||
| '''Gastroenterologic''' | | '''Gastroenterologic''' | ||
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Dieulafoy's disease]], [[ | | bgcolor="Beige" |[[Cirrhosis of liver]], [[Dieulafoy's disease]], [[esophageal carcinoma]], [[esophageal tumors]], [[Nasopharyngeal carcinoma|oropharingeal cancer]], [[Portal vein thrombosis|portal vein obstruction]], [[Nausea and Vomiting|severe vomiting]], [[Fistula|tracheo-esophageal fistula and]] [[Esophageal varices|esophageal varices]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | |- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | ||
| '''Genetic''' | | '''Genetic''' | ||
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[ | | bgcolor="Beige" |[[Alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency]], [[carbamoylphosphate synthetase deficiency]], [[cystic fibrosis]], [[Ehlers-Danlos syndrome#Classification|Ehler-danlos syndrome (vascular type)]], [[Hamartoma|follicular hamartoma]]-[[alopecia]]-[[cystic fibrosis]] , [[hemophilia]], [[hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | |- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | ||
| '''Hematologic''' | | '''Hematologic''' | ||
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Blood dyscrasias]], [[ | | bgcolor="Beige" | [[Dyscrasia|Blood dyscrasias]], [[coagulopathy]], [[disseminated intravascular coagulation]], [[essential thrombocytosis]], [[Neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia|fetal and neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia]], [[hemangioma]], [[hemophilia]], [[hemorrhagic diathesis]], [[Henoch-Schönlein purpura]], [[leukemia]], [[malignant lymphoma]], [[thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura]], [[Von Willebrand disease]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | |- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | ||
| '''Iatrogenic''' | | '''Iatrogenic''' | ||
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Bronchoscopy]], [[ | | bgcolor="Beige" |[[Bronchoscopy]], [[endotracheal tube]], [[laryngoscopy]], [[Biopsy|lung biopsy]], [[lymphangiography]], [[mediastinoscopy]], [[Fontan procedure#Post-operative complications|post fontan procedure]], [[pulmonary artery catheter]], [[spirometry]], [[Pulmonary aspiration|suctioning of airways]], [[Right heart catheterization|Swan Ganz catheter-induced infarction]], [[tonsillectomy]], [[tracheotomy]], [[Right heart catheterization|transbronchial biopsy]], [[Tracheotomy|transtracheal aspiration]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | |- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | ||
| '''Infectious Disease''' | | '''Infectious Disease''' | ||
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Actinomycosis]], [[ | | bgcolor="Beige" |[[Actinomycosis]], [[allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis]], [[alveolar hydatid disease]], [[Pneumonia causes#Special Situations|anerobic pneumonia]], [[ascariasis]], [[aspergilloma]], [[coccidioidomycosis]], [[dengue]], [[dirofilaria immitis]], [[echinococcal cyst]], [[echinococcus granulosus]], [[francisella tularensis]], [[histoplasmosis]], [[HIV]], [[hookworm]], [[influenza]], [[klebsiella]], [[Lemierre's syndrome]], [[Pentastomida#Classification|linguatula serrata]], [[lung abscess]], [[Systemic lupus erythematosus pathophysiology| lupus pneumonitis]], [[melioidosis]], [[mucormycosis]], [[mycetoma]], [[mycobacterium tuberculosis]], [[mycobacterium xenopi]], [[Pneumonia natural history, complications, and prognosis|necrotic pneumonia]], [[nocardiosis]], [[nosocomial pneumonia]], [[paracoccidioidomycosis]], [[paragonimiasis]], [[pneumonia]], [[pneumonic plague]], [[Parasitic worm|pulmonary helminth infection]], [[rhodococcus equi]], [[serratia marcescens]], [[Stachybotrys chartarum|stachybotrys atra]], [[stachybotrys chartarum]], [[Staphylococcus|staphylococcal respiratory infection]], [[stomatitis]], [[torulopsis]], [[tropical pulmonary eosinophilia]], [[tuberculosis]], [[yersinia pestis]], [[zygomycosis]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | |- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | ||
| '''Musculoskeletal / Ortho''' | | '''Musculoskeletal / Ortho''' | ||
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Ehler-danlos syndrome (vascular type)]] | | bgcolor="Beige" | [[Ehlers-Danlos syndrome#Classification|Ehler-danlos syndrome (vascular type)]] | ||
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | |- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | ||
| '''Neurologic''' | | '''Neurologic''' | ||
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes | | bgcolor="Beige" |No underlying causes | ||
|- | |- | ||
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | |- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | ||
| '''Nutritional / Metabolic''' | | '''Nutritional / Metabolic''' | ||
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Carbamoylphosphate synthetase deficiency]] | | bgcolor="Beige" |[[Carbamoylphosphate synthetase deficiency]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | |- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | ||
| '''Obstetric/Gynecologic''' | | '''Obstetric/Gynecologic''' | ||
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Endometriosis]], [[ | | bgcolor="Beige" |[[Catamenial pneumothorax overview|Catamenial hemoptysis]], [[endometriosis]], [[Endometriosis#Symptoms|intrathoracic endometriosis]], [[Peripartum cardiomyopathy|meadows syndrome]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | |- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | ||
| '''Oncologic''' | | '''Oncologic''' | ||
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[ | | bgcolor="Beige" |[[Adenocarcinoma of lung]], [[adenoid cystic carcinoma]], [[adenoma]], [[Small cell carcinoma of the lung|adult small cell lung cancer]], [[Benign tumor|benign lung tumor]], [[Adenoma|bronchial adenoma]], [[Lung cancer classification|bronchiolo-alveolar adenocarcinoma]], [[bronchogenic carcinoma]], [[carcinoma of the vocal tract]], [[esophageal carcinoma]], [[esophageal tumors]], [[Large Cell Carcinoma|large cell carcinoma]], [[laryngeal carcinoma]], [[leukemia]], [[Metastasis pathophysiology|lung metastases]], [[lung neoplasm]], [[malignant lymphoma]], [[mediastinal tumors]], [[mesothelioma]], [[Lung cancer|mixed type non small cell carcinoma]], [[Nasopharyngeal carcinoma|oropharyngeal cancer]], [[Laryngeal papillomatosis|papillomatosis carcinoid]], [[Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (patient information)|pharyngeal cancer]], [[Tumor|pharyngeal tumor]], [[pleuropulmonary blastoma]], [[Hemangioma|pulmonary hemangioma]], [[Tumor|rib tumor]], [[Vertebrate trachea|tracheal cancer]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | |- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | ||
| '''Opthalmologic''' | | '''Opthalmologic''' | ||
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes | | bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes | ||
|- | |- | ||
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | |- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | ||
| '''Overdose / Toxicity''' | | '''Overdose / Toxicity''' | ||
|bgcolor="Beige"| | | bgcolor="Beige" |[[Pesticide#Health effects|Inhalation of pesticides]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | |- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | ||
| '''Psychiatric''' | | '''Psychiatric''' | ||
|bgcolor="Beige"| | | bgcolor="Beige" | [[Münchausen syndrome]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | |- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | ||
| '''Pulmonary''' | | '''Pulmonary''' | ||
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[ | | bgcolor="Beige" |[[Bronchitis|Acute or chronic bronchitis]], [[adenocarcinoma of lung]], [[adenoid cystic carcinoma]], [[adenoma]], [[Acute respiratory distress syndrome|adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)]], [[Small cell carcinoma of the lung|adult small cell lung cancer]], [[alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency]], [[alveolar hydatid disease]], [[alveolitis]], [[Pneumonia causes#Special Situations|anerobic pneumonia]], [[Goodpasture disease|anti-glomerular basement membrane antibody-mediated disease]], [[Fistula|arterial bronchial fistula]], [[asbestosis]], [[Benign tumor|benign lung tumor]], [[Adenoma|bronchial adenoma]], [[bronchial artery]] [[aneurysm]], [[Bronchial veins|bronchial]] [[varices]], [[bronchiectasis]], [[Lung cancer classification|bronchiolo-alveolar adenocarcinoma]], [[bronchitis]], [[bronchogenic carcinoma]], [[bronchogenic cyst]], [[Emphysema classification#Paraseptal emphysema|bullous emphysema]], [[Catamenial pneumothorax overview|catamenial hemoptysis]], [[chronic berylliosis]], [[chronic bronchitis]], [[cystic fibrosis]], [[esophageal carcinoma]], [[esophageal tumors]], [[fat embolism]], [[foreign body in respiratory tract]], [[Goodpasture syndrome]], [[hemangioma]], [[hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia]], [[Langerhans cell histiocytosis|histiocytosis x]], [[histoplasmosis]], [[Hughes-Stovin syndrome]], [[idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis]], [[Inflammatory Pseudotumor|inflammatory pseudotumor of the lung]], [[Endometriosis#Symptoms|intrathoracic endometriosis]], [[Congenital pulmonary anomalies#Agenesis, Aplasia, and Hypoplasia|isolated unilateral absence of pulmonary artery]], [[Kartagener syndrome]], [[Large Cell Carcinoma|large cell carcinoma]], [[lung abscess]], [[Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis|lung fibrosis]], [[Metastasis pathophysiology|lung metastases]], [[lung neoplasm]], [[Polyp (medicine)|lung polyps]], [[lung trauma]], [[Ulcer|lung ulceration]], [[Vasculitis classification|lung vasculitis]], [[Systemic lupus erythematosus pathophysiology| lupus pneumonitis]], [[lymphangiomyomatosis]], [[lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia]], [[lymphomatoid granulomatosis]], [[malignant lymphoma]], [[mesothelioma]], [[Lung cancer|mixed type non small cell carcinoma]], [[Laryngeal papillomatosis|papillomatosis carcinoid]], [[Penetrating trauma|penetrating chest wound]], [[pleuropulmonary blastoma]], [[pulmonary arteriovenous fistula]], [[pulmonary arteriovenous malformation]], [[pulmonary artery agenesis]], [[Pulmonary artery|pulmonary artery rupture]], [[pulmonary artery stenosis]], [[pulmonary congestion]], [[pulmonary edema]], [[pulmonary embolism]], [[pulmonary fibrosis]], [[pulmonary hypertension]], [[pulmonary infarction]], [[pulmonary sequestration]], [[Thrombosis|pulmonary thrombosis]], [[pulmonary vein stenosis]], [[Rasmussen's aneurysm]], [[Bronchus|ruptured bronchi]], [[Pulmonary embolism|septic pulmonary emboli]], [[Right heart catheterization|Swan Ganz catheter-induced infarction]], [[Vertebrate trachea|tracheal cancer]], [[Trauma|tracheal trauma]], [[Ulcer|tracheal ulceration]], [[Fistula|tracheal-innominate artery fistula]], [[tracheitis]], [[Fistula|tracheo-esophageal fistula and]] [[Esophageal varices|esophageal varices]], [[tracheobronchitis]], [[List of diseases (T)|tracheobronchopathia osteoplastica]] , [[tropical pulmonary eosinophilia]], [[Uremia|uremic lung]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | |- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | ||
| '''Renal / Electrolyte''' | | '''Renal / Electrolyte''' | ||
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[ | | bgcolor="Beige" |[[Goodpasture syndrome ]] , [[Uremia|uremic lung]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | |- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | ||
| '''Rheum / Immune / Allergy''' | | '''Rheum / Immune / Allergy''' | ||
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Amyloidosis]], [[Behcet's | | bgcolor="Beige" |[[Amyloidosis]], [[Goodpasture disease|anti-glomerular basement membrane antibody-mediated disease]], [[Behcet's syndrome]], [[extrinsic allergic alveolitis]], [[Neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia|fetal and neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia]], [[Goodpasture syndrome]], [[Henoch-Schönlein purpura]], [[Langerhans cell histiocytosis|histiocytosis x]], [[HIV]], [[Hughes-Stovin syndrome]], [[immunodeficiency]], [[lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia]], [[microscopic polyangiitis]], [[sarcoidosis]], [[systemic lupus erythematosus]], [[tropical pulmonary eosinophilia]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | |- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | ||
| '''Sexual''' | | '''Sexual''' | ||
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes | | bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes | ||
|- | |- | ||
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | |- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | ||
| '''Trauma''' | | '''Trauma''' | ||
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[ | | bgcolor="Beige" |[[Chest]] [[injury]], [[Vocal cords|laceration vocal cords]], [[lung contusion]], [[lung trauma]], [[Penetrating trauma|penetrating chest wound]], [[Trauma|tracheal trauma]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | |- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | ||
| '''Urologic''' | | '''Urologic''' | ||
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes | | bgcolor="Beige" |No underlying causes | ||
|- | |- | ||
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | |- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | ||
| '''Dental''' | | '''Dental''' | ||
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes | | bgcolor="Beige" |No underlying causes | ||
|- | |- | ||
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | |- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | ||
| '''Miscellaneous''' | | '''Miscellaneous''' | ||
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Clove cigarettes]], [[ | | bgcolor="Beige" |[[Bronchogenic cyst]], [[Clove#uses|clove cigarettes]], [[cocaine]], [[crack cocaine]], [[idiopathic]], [[Kartagener syndrome]], [[shrapnel]], [[Cough|violent coughing]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
|} | |} | ||
===Causes in Alphabetical | ===Causes in Alphabetical order=== | ||
{{MultiCol}} | {{MultiCol}} | ||
*[[Absence of pulmonary artery]] | *[[Congenital pulmonary anomalies#Agenesis, Aplasia, and Hypoplasia|Absence of pulmonary artery ]] | ||
*[[Actinomycosis]] | *[[Actinomycosis ]] | ||
*[[Adult | *[[Bronchitis|Acute or chronic bronchitis]] | ||
*[[Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis]] | *[[Adenocarcinoma of lung ]] | ||
*[[Alpha 1- | *[[Adenoid cystic carcinoma ]] | ||
*[[Alveolar hydatid disease]] | *[[Adenoma]] | ||
*[[Amyloidosis]] | *[[Acute respiratory distress syndrome|Adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) ]] | ||
*[[Anticoagulants]] | *[[Small cell carcinoma of the lung|Adult small cell lung cancer ]] | ||
*[[Aortic | *[[Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis ]] | ||
*[[Arteriovenous malformation | *[[Alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency ]] | ||
*[[Asbestosis]] | *[[Alveolar hydatid disease ]] | ||
*[[Aspergilloma]] | *[[Alveolitis]] | ||
*[[ | *[[Amiodarone]]<ref> name="pmid9856693">{{cite journal| author=Ravishankar R, Samuels LE, Kaufman MS, Samuels FL, Thomas MP, Galindo L et al.| title=Amiodarone-associated hemoptysis. | journal=Am J Med Sci | year= 1998 | volume= 316 | issue= 6 | pages= 390-2 | pmid=9856693 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=9856693 }} </ref> | ||
*[[Behcet's | *[[Amyloidosis ]] | ||
*[[Bevacizumab]] | *[[Pneumonia causes#Special Situations|Anerobic pneumonia]] | ||
*[[Blood dyscrasias]] | *[[Goodpasture disease|Anti-glomerular basement membrane antibody-mediated disease]] | ||
*[[Bronchial adenoma]] | *[[Anticoagulants ]] | ||
*[[Bronchial | *[[Aortic aneurysm ]] | ||
*[[Bronchial varices]] | *[[Fistula|Arterial bronchial fistula]] | ||
*[[Bronchiectasis]] | *[[Arteriovenous malformation]] | ||
*[[ | *[[Arteritis]] | ||
*[[ | *[[Asbestosis ]] | ||
*[[Bronchogenic | *[[Ascariasis]] | ||
*[[ | *[[Aspergilloma ]] | ||
*[[Bronchoscopy]] | *[[Aspirin]]<ref> name="pmid8200191">{{cite journal| author=Cahill BC, Ingbar DH| title=Massive hemoptysis. Assessment and management. | journal=Clin Chest Med | year= 1994 | volume= 15 | issue= 1 | pages= 147-67 | pmid=8200191 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=8200191 }} </ref><ref> name="pmid21150234">{{cite journal| author=Yiannakopoulou EC| title=Hemoptysis under diclofenac and antiplatelet doses of aspirin. | journal=Pharmacology | year= 2011 | volume= 87 | issue= 1-2 | pages= 1-4 | pmid=21150234 | doi=10.1159/000321728 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=21150234 }} </ref> | ||
*[[ | *[[Behcet's syndrome ]]<ref> name="pmid8200191">{{cite journal| author=Cahill BC, Ingbar DH| title=Massive hemoptysis. Assessment and management. | journal=Clin Chest Med | year= 1994 | volume= 15 | issue= 1 | pages= 147-67 | pmid=8200191 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=8200191 }} </ref> <ref> name="pmid23410873">{{cite journal| author=Bouzelmat H, Chaib A, Kheyi J, Kotni M, Ghafir D, Moustaghfir A| title=[Hemoptysis revealing pulmonary artery aneurysm associated with intracardiac thrombosis: a delicate anticoagulation situation (a case report of Behçet's disease)]. | journal=J Mal Vasc | year= 2013 | volume= 38 | issue= 3 | pages= 198-200 | pmid=23410873 | doi=10.1016/j.jmv.2013.01.001 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=23410873 }} </ref> | ||
*[[Carbamoylphosphate synthetase deficiency]] | *[[Benign tumor|Benign lung tumor ]] | ||
*[[Carcinoma of the vocal tract]] | *[[Bevacizumab ]]<ref>name="pmid17368626">{{cite journal| author=Cho YJ, Murgu SD, Colt HG| title=Bronchoscopy for bevacizumab-related hemoptysis. | journal=Lung Cancer | year= 2007 | volume= 56 | issue= 3 | pages= 465-8 | pmid=17368626 | doi=10.1016/j.lungcan.2007.01.022 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=17368626 }} </ref> | ||
*[[Catamenial hemoptysis]] | *[[Dyscrasia|Blood dyscrasias ]] | ||
*[[Chronic bronchitis]] | *[[Adenoma|Bronchial adenoma ]] | ||
*[[Clove cigarettes]] | *[[Bronchial artery]] [[aneurysm]] | ||
*[[Coagulopathy]] | *[[Bronchial veins|Bronchial]][[varices]] | ||
*[[Cocaine ]] | *[[Bronchiectasis ]] | ||
*[[Coccidioidomycosis]] | *[[Lung cancer classification|Bronchiolo-alveolar adenocarcinoma]] | ||
*[[Congenital | *[[Bronchitis ]] | ||
*[[Congestive heart failure]] | *[[Bronchogenic carcinoma ]] | ||
*[[Cystic | *[[Bronchogenic cyst ]] | ||
*[[Cytotoxic drug use]] | *[[Bronchoscopy ]] | ||
*[[Dengue]] | *[[Emphysema classification#Paraseptal emphysema|Bullous emphysema]] | ||
*[[Dicoumarol]] | *[[Carbamoylphosphate synthetase deficiency ]] | ||
*[[Dieulafoy's disease]] | *[[Carcinoma of the vocal tract ]] | ||
*[[Dirofilaria immitis ]] | *[[Cardiac failure]] | ||
*[[Echinococcal cyst]] | *[[Catamenial pneumothorax overview|Catamenial hemoptysis ]]<ref> name="pmid18330760\">{{cite journal| author=Elbek O, Börekçi S, Dikensoy E, Kibar Y, Bayram H, Bakir K et al.| title=Catamenial hemoptysis. | journal=Tuberk Toraks | year= 2008 | volume= 56 | issue= 1 | pages= 87-91 | pmid=18330760\ | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=18330760 }} </ref> | ||
*[[Echinococcus granulosus]] | *[[Chest]] [[injury]] | ||
*[[Ehler-danlos syndrome (vascular type)]] | *[[Chronic berylliosis ]] | ||
*[[Eisenmenger | *[[Chronic bronchitis ]] | ||
*[[Endometriosis]] | *[[Cidofovir]] | ||
*[[Esophageal carcinoma]] | *[[Cirrhosis of liver ]] | ||
*[[Esophageal tumors]] | *[[Clove#uses|Clove cigarettes ]] | ||
*[[Essential thrombocytosis]] | *[[Coagulopathy ]] | ||
*[[Extrinsic allergic alveolitis]] | *[[Cocaine ]]<ref> name="pmid1589607">{{cite journal| author=Perper JA, Van Thiel DH| title=Respiratory complications of cocaine abuse. | journal=Recent Dev Alcohol | year= 1992 | volume= 10 | issue= | pages= 363-77 | pmid=1589607 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=1589607 }} </ref> | ||
*[[ | *[[Coccidioidomycosis ]] | ||
*[[Follicular hamartoma-alopecia-cystic fibrosis]] | *[[Single ventricle|Common ventricle ]] | ||
*[[Foreign body in respiratory tract]] | *[[Congenital heart disease]] | ||
*[[Francisella tularensis]] | *[[Congenital heart disease|Congenital mitral malformation]] | ||
*[[Goodpasture syndrome]] | *[[Mitral stenosis|Congenital mitral stenosis ]] | ||
*[[Heart failure]] | *[[Congestive heart failure ]] | ||
*[[Hemophilia]] | *[[Crack cocaine]]<ref> name="pmid8200191">{{cite journal| author=Cahill BC, Ingbar DH| title=Massive hemoptysis. Assessment and management. | journal=Clin Chest Med | year= 1994 | volume= 15 | issue= 1 | pages= 147-67 | pmid=8200191 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=8200191 }} </ref> | ||
*[[Hemorrhagic diathesis]] | *[[Cystic fibrosis ]] | ||
*[[Henoch- | *[[Chemotherapy|Cytotoxic drug use ]]<ref> name="pmid6830384">{{cite journal| author=Brandwein S, Esdaile J, Danoff D, Tannenbaum H| title=Wegener's granulomatosis. Clinical features and outcome in 13 patients. | journal=Arch Intern Med | year= 1983 | volume= 143 | issue= 3 | pages= 476-9 | pmid=6830384 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=6830384 }} </ref> | ||
*[[Hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia]] | *[[Dengue ]] | ||
*[[Histiocytosis | *[[Dicoumarol ]] | ||
*[[Histoplasmosis]] | *[[Dieulafoy's disease ]] | ||
*[[Dirofilaria immitis ]] | |||
*[[Disseminated intravascular coagulation]]<ref> name="pmid8200191">{{cite journal| author=Cahill BC, Ingbar DH| title=Massive hemoptysis. Assessment and management. | journal=Clin Chest Med | year= 1994 | volume= 15 | issue= 1 | pages= 147-67 | pmid=8200191 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=8200191 }} </ref> | |||
*[[Echinococcal cyst ]] | |||
*[[Echinococcus granulosus ]] | |||
*[[Ehlers-Danlos syndrome#Classification|Ehler-danlos syndrome (vascular type) ]] | |||
*[[Eisenmenger syndrome ]] | |||
*[[Endometriosis ]] | |||
*[[Endotracheal tube]] | |||
*[[Esophageal carcinoma ]] | |||
*[[Esophageal tumors ]] | |||
*[[Essential thrombocytosis ]] | |||
*[[Extrinsic allergic alveolitis ]] | |||
*[[Fat embolism]] | |||
*[[Neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia|Fetal and neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia]] | |||
*[[Hamartoma|Follicular hamartoma]]-[[alopecia]]-[[cystic fibrosis]] | |||
*[[Foreign body in respiratory tract ]] | |||
{{col-break|width=33%}} | |||
*[[Francisella tularensis ]] | |||
*[[Goodpasture syndrome ]] | |||
*[[Heart failure ]] | |||
*[[Valvular heart disease|Heart valve damage]] | |||
*[[Hemangioma]] | |||
*[[Hemophilia ]] | |||
*[[Hemorrhagic diathesis ]] | |||
*[[Henoch-Schönlein purpura]] | |||
*[[Herbal extract|Herbal agent adverse reaction]] | |||
*[[Hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia ]]<ref> name="pmid19364794">{{cite journal| author=Nanda S, Bhatt SP| title=Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia: epistaxis and hemoptysis. | journal=CMAJ | year= 2009 | volume= 180 | issue= 8 | pages= 838 | pmid=19364794 | doi=10.1503/cmaj.081003 | pmc=PMC2665967 | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=19364794 }} </ref> | |||
*[[Langerhans cell histiocytosis|Histiocytosis x ]] | |||
*[[Histoplasmosis ]] | |||
*[[HIV]] | |||
*[[Hookworm]] | |||
*[[Hughes-Stovin syndrome]] | *[[Hughes-Stovin syndrome]] | ||
*[[Idiopathic ]] | *[[Idiopathic ]] | ||
*[[Idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis]] | *[[Idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis]]<ref> name="pmid8200191">{{cite journal| author=Cahill BC, Ingbar DH| title=Massive hemoptysis. Assessment and management. | journal=Clin Chest Med | year= 1994 | volume= 15 | issue= 1 | pages= 147-67 | pmid=8200191 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=8200191 }} </ref> | ||
*[[Intrathoracic endometriosis]] | *[[Immunodeficiency]] | ||
*[[Klebsiella ]] | *[[Inflammatory Pseudotumor|Inflammatory pseudotumor of the lung]] | ||
*[[Influenza]] | |||
*[[Nitrogen dioxide|Inhalation of nitrogen dioxide ]] | |||
*[[Pesticide#Health effects|Inhalation of pesticides]] | |||
*[[Endometriosis#Symptoms|Intrathoracic endometriosis ]] | |||
*[[Congenital pulmonary anomalies#Agenesis, Aplasia, and Hypoplasia|Isolated unilateral absence of pulmonary artery]] | |||
*[[Kartagener syndrome]]<ref> name="pmid16369404">{{cite journal| author=Sharma B, Sharma M, Bondi E, Sharma M| title=Kartagener's syndrome associated with allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis. | journal=MedGenMed | year= 2005 | volume= 7 | issue= 2 | pages= 25 | pmid=16369404 | doi= | pmc=PMC1681543 | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=16369404 }} </ref> | |||
*[[Klebsiella ]] | |||
*[[Vocal cords|Laceration vocal cords]] | |||
*[[Large Cell Carcinoma|Large cell carcinoma ]] | |||
*[[Laryngeal carcinoma]] | *[[Laryngeal carcinoma]] | ||
*[[Laryngitis]] | *[[Laryngitis ]] | ||
*[[Laryngoscopy ]] | |||
*[[ | *[[Mitral regurgitation pathophysiology|Left atrial hypertension]] | ||
*[[Lemierre's syndrome]] | *[[Left atrial myxoma]] | ||
*[[Leukemia]] | *[[Lemierre's syndrome ]]<ref> name="pmid19139613">{{cite journal| author=Alherabi A| title=A case of Lemierre syndrome. | journal=Ann Saudi Med | year= 2009 | volume= 29 | issue= 1 | pages= 58-60 | pmid=19139613 | doi= | pmc=PMC2813609 | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=19139613 }} </ref> | ||
*[[Leukocytoclastic angiitis]] | *[[Leukemia ]] | ||
*[[Linguatula serrata]] | *[[Hypersensitivity vasculitis|Leukocytoclastic angiitis ]] | ||
*[[Lung abscess]] | *[[Pentastomida#Classification|Linguatula serrata ]] | ||
*[[Lung biopsy]] | *[[Lung abscess ]] | ||
*[[Lung contusion]] | *[[Biopsy|Lung biopsy ]] | ||
*[[Lung metastases]] | *[[Lung contusion ]] | ||
*[[Lung neoplasm]] | *[[Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis|Lung fibrosis]] | ||
*[[Lupus pneumonitis]] | *[[Metastasis pathophysiology|Lung metastases ]] | ||
*[[Lymphangiomyomatosis]] | *[[Lung neoplasm ]] | ||
*[[Lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia]] | *[[Polyp (medicine)|Lung polyps]] | ||
*[[Lymphomatoid granulomatosis]] | *[[Lung trauma]] | ||
*[[Malignant lymphoma]] | *[[Ulcer|Lung ulceration]] | ||
*[[Mediastinal tumors]] | *[[Vasculitis classification|Lung vasculitis]] | ||
*[[Mediastinoscopy]] | *[[Systemic lupus erythematosus pathophysiology| Lupus pneumonitis ]] | ||
*[[Mesothelioma]] | *[[Lymphangiography]] | ||
*[[Microscopic polyangiitis]] | *[[Lymphangiomyomatosis ]] <ref> name="pmid8200191">{{cite journal| author=Cahill BC, Ingbar DH| title=Massive hemoptysis. Assessment and management. | journal=Clin Chest Med | year= 1994 | volume= 15 | issue= 1 | pages= 147-67 | pmid=8200191 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=8200191 }} </ref> | ||
*[[Mitral | *[[Lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia ]] | ||
*[[Mucormycosis]] | *[[Lymphomatoid granulomatosis ]] | ||
*[[ | *[[Malignant lymphoma ]] | ||
*[[Nocardiosis]] | *[[Peripartum cardiomyopathy|Meadows syndrome ]] | ||
*[[Oropharyngeal cancer]] | *[[Mediastinal tumors ]] | ||
*[[ | *[[Mediastinoscopy ]] | ||
*[[Paracoccidioidomycosis]] | *[[Melioidosis ]] | ||
*[[Paragonimiasis]] | *[[Mesothelioma ]] | ||
*[[Penetrating chest wound]] | *[[Microscopic polyangiitis ]] | ||
*[[Pleuropulmonary blastoma]] | *[[Mitral stenosis ]] | ||
*[[Pneumonia]] | *[[Lung cancer|Mixed type non small cell carcinoma ]] | ||
*[[Pneumonic plague]] | *[[Mucormycosis ]] | ||
*[[Polyarteritis nodosa]] | *[[Münchausen syndrome]]<ref> name="pmid11753458">{{cite journal| author=Bjornson CL, Kirk VG| title=Munchausen's syndrome presenting as hemoptysis in a 12-year-old girl. | journal=Can Respir J | year= 2001 | volume= 8 | issue= 6 | pages= 439-42 | pmid=11753458 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=11753458 }} </ref> | ||
*[[Pulmonary arteriovenous fistula]] | *[[Mycetoma]] | ||
*[[Pulmonary arteriovenous malformation]] | *[[Mycobacterium tuberculosis]] | ||
*[[Pulmonary artery stenosis]] | *[[Mycobacterium xenopi ]] | ||
*[[Pulmonary congestion]] | *[[Naphtha|Naphtha poisoning]] | ||
*[[Pulmonary edema]] | *[[Pneumonia natural history, complications, and prognosis|Necrotic pneumonia]]<ref> name="pmid8200191">{{cite journal| author=Cahill BC, Ingbar DH| title=Massive hemoptysis. Assessment and management. | journal=Clin Chest Med | year= 1994 | volume= 15 | issue= 1 | pages= 147-67 | pmid=8200191 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=8200191 }} </ref> | ||
*[[Pulmonary embolism]] | *[[Nocardiosis ]] | ||
*[[Pulmonary fibrosis]] | *[[Nosocomial pneumonia]] | ||
*[[Pulmonary hemangioma]] | *[[Nasopharyngeal carcinoma|Oropharyngeal cancer ]] | ||
*[[Pulmonary hypertension]] | *[[Laryngeal papillomatosis|Papillomatosis carcinoid]] | ||
*[[Pulmonary infarction]] | *[[Paracoccidioidomycosis ]] | ||
*[[Pulmonary | *[[Paragonimiasis ]]<ref> name="pmid2319524">{{cite journal| author=Kraus A, Guerra-Bautista G, Chavarria P| title=Paragonimiasis: an infrequent but treatable cause of hemoptysis in systemic lupus erythematosus. | journal=J Rheumatol | year= 1990 | volume= 17 | issue= 2 | pages= 244-6 | pmid=2319524 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=2319524 }} </ref> | ||
*[[Rhodococcus equi]] | *[[Penetrating trauma|Penetrating chest wound ]] | ||
*[[Ruptured aortic aneurysm]] | *[[Penicillamine]]<ref> name="pmid8200191">{{cite journal| author=Cahill BC, Ingbar DH| title=Massive hemoptysis. Assessment and management. | journal=Clin Chest Med | year= 1994 | volume= 15 | issue= 1 | pages= 147-67 | pmid=8200191 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=8200191 }} </ref><ref >name="pmid3430507">{{cite journal| author=Devogelaer JP, Pirson Y, Vandenbroucke JM, Cosyns JP, Brichard S, Nagant de Deuxchaisnes C| title=D-penicillamine induced crescentic glomerulonephritis: report and review of the literature. | journal=J Rheumatol | year= 1987 | volume= 14 | issue= 5 | pages= 1036-41 | pmid=3430507 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=3430507 }} </ref> | ||
*[[Ruptured arteriovenous fistula]] | *[[Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (patient information)|Pharyngeal cancer]] | ||
*[[Ruptured bronchi]] | *[[Polyp (medicine)|Pharyngeal polyps]] | ||
*[[Sarcoidosis]] | {{col-break|width=33%}} | ||
*[[Septic pulmonary emboli]] | *[[Tumor|Pharyngeal tumor]] | ||
*[[Severe nosebleed]] | *[[Ulcer|Pharyngeal ulceration]] | ||
*[[Severe vomiting]] | *[[Phenprocoumon]]<ref>name="pmid11124658">{{cite journal| author=Drent M, Wessels S, Jacobs JA, Thijssen H| title=Association of diffuse alveolar haemorrhage with acquired vitamin K deficiency. | journal=Respiration | year= 2000 | volume= 67 | issue= 6 | pages= 697 | pmid=11124658 | doi=56305 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=11124658 }} </ref> | ||
*[[Shrapnel]] | *[[Pleuropulmonary blastoma ]] | ||
*[[Spirometry]] | *[[Pneumonia ]] | ||
*[[Systemic lupus erythematosus]] | *[[Pneumonic plague ]] | ||
*[[Tonsillectomy]] | *[[Polyarteritis nodosa ]] | ||
*[[Tonsillitis]] | *[[Portal vein thrombosis|Portal vein obstruction]] | ||
*[[Tracheal cancer]] | *[[Fontan procedure#Post-operative complications|Post fontan procedure]]<ref> name="pmid18273490">{{cite journal| author=Bédard E, Lopez S, Perron J, Houde C, Couture C, Vaillancourt R et al.| title=Life-threatening hemoptysis following the Fontan procedure. | journal=Can J Cardiol | year= 2008 | volume= 24 | issue= 2 | pages= 145-7 | pmid=18273490 | doi= | pmc=PMC2644573 | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=18273490 }} </ref> | ||
*[[Tracheal trauma]] | *[[Propylthiouracil]]<ref> name="pmid12857055">{{cite journal| author=Nakamori Y, Tominaga T, Inoue Y, Shinohara K| title=Propylthiouracil (PTU)-induced vasculitis associated with antineutrophil antibody against myeloperoxidase (MPO-ANCA). | journal=Intern Med | year= 2003 | volume= 42 | issue= 6 | pages= 529-33 | pmid=12857055 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=12857055 }} </ref> | ||
*[[ | *[[Pulmonary arteriovenous fistula ]] | ||
*[[ | *[[Pulmonary arteriovenous malformation ]] | ||
*[[Tracheo-esophageal fistula and esophageal varices]] | *[[Pulmonary artery agenesis]] | ||
*[[Tropical pulmonary eosinophilia]] | *[[Pulmonary artery catheter]] | ||
*[[Tuberculosis]] | *[[Pulmonary artery|Pulmonary artery rupture]] | ||
*[[Uremic lung]] | *[[Pulmonary artery stenosis ]] | ||
*[[Violent coughing]] | *[[Pulmonary congestion ]] | ||
*[[Warfarin]] | *[[Pulmonary edema ]] | ||
*[[Wegener granulomatosis]] | *[[Pulmonary embolism ]] | ||
*[[Yersinia pestis]] | *[[Pulmonary fibrosis ]] | ||
*[[Zygomycosis]] | *[[Parasitic worm|Pulmonary helminth infection]] | ||
*[[Hemangioma|Pulmonary hemangioma ]] | |||
*[[Pulmonary hypertension ]] | |||
*[[Pulmonary infarction ]] | |||
*[[Pulmonary sequestration]] | |||
*[[Thrombosis|Pulmonary thrombosis]] | |||
*[[Pulmonary vein stenosis ]] | |||
*[[Rasmussen's aneurysm]] | |||
*[[Rhodococcus equi ]] | |||
*[[Tumor|Rib tumor]] | |||
*[[Aortic aneurysm|Ruptured aortic aneurysm ]] | |||
*[[Arteriovenous fistula|Ruptured arteriovenous fistula ]] | |||
*[[Bronchus|Ruptured bronchi ]] | |||
*[[Sarcoidosis ]] | |||
*[[Pulmonary embolism|Septic pulmonary emboli ]] | |||
*[[Serratia marcescens ]] | |||
*[[Epistaxis|Severe nosebleed ]] | |||
*[[Nausea and Vomiting|Severe vomiting ]] | |||
*[[Shrapnel ]] | |||
*[[Spirometry ]] | |||
*[[Stachybotrys chartarum|Stachybotrys atra]] | |||
*[[Stachybotrys chartarum ]] | |||
*[[Staphylococcus|Staphylococcal respiratory infection ]] | |||
*[[Stomatitis]] | |||
*[[Pulmonary aspiration|Suctioning of airways]] | |||
*[[Sulfuric acid|Sulfuric acid poisoning ]] | |||
*[[Right heart catheterization|Swan ganz catheter-induced infarction]] | |||
*[[Systemic lupus erythematosus ]] | |||
*[[Tetralogy of fallot]] | |||
*[[Thrombocytopenia]] | |||
*[[Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura]] | |||
*[[Tiagabine]] | |||
*[[Toluene diisocyanate|Toluene diisocyanate poisoning]] | |||
*[[Tonsillectomy ]] | |||
*[[Tonsillitis ]] | |||
*[[Torulopsis ]] | |||
*[[Trachea|Tracheal cancer ]] | |||
*[[Trauma|Tracheal trauma ]] | |||
*[[Ulcer|Tracheal ulceration]] | |||
*[[Fistula|Tracheal-innominate artery fistula]] | |||
*[[Tracheitis ]] | |||
*[[Fistula|Tracheo-esophageal fistula and]] [[Esophageal varices|esophageal varices ]] | |||
*[[Tracheobronchitis ]] | |||
*[[List of diseases (T)|Tracheobronchopathia osteoplastica ]] | |||
*[[Tracheotomy]] | |||
*[[Biopsy|Transbronchial biopsy]]<ref> name="pmid18292723">{{cite journal| author=Iwata T, Inoue K, Nishiyama N, Izumi N, Mizuguchi S, Tsukioka T et al.| title=Late massive hemoptysis after transbronchial biopsy of hamartoma: an involvement of pulmonary artery and vein. | journal=Ann Thorac Cardiovasc Surg | year= 2007 | volume= 13 | issue= 6 | pages= 400-2 | pmid=18292723 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=18292723 }} </ref> | |||
*[[Tracheotomy|Transtracheal aspiration]] | |||
*[[Endocarditis|Tricuspid endocarditis]] | |||
*[[Tropical pulmonary eosinophilia ]] | |||
*[[Tuberculosis ]]<ref> name="pmid8200191">{{cite journal| author=Cahill BC, Ingbar DH| title=Massive hemoptysis. Assessment and management. | journal=Clin Chest Med | year= 1994 | volume= 15 | issue= 1 | pages= 147-67 | pmid=8200191 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=8200191 }} </ref> | |||
*[[Uremia|Uremic lung ]] | |||
*[[Vanadium#Compounds|Vanadium poisoning]] | |||
*[[Vasculitis]] | |||
*[[Cough|Violent coughing ]] | |||
*[[Von Willebrand disease]] | |||
*[[Warfarin ]]<ref> name="pmid23651792">{{cite journal| author=Lee J, Park YS, Lee CH, Lee SM, Yoo CG, Kim YW et al.| title=Antiplatelet or anticoagulant therapy might not increase the risk of haemoptysis in patients with bronchiectasis. | journal=Int J Tuberc Lung Dis | year= 2013 | volume= 17 | issue= 7 | pages= 989-91 | pmid=23651792 | doi=10.5588/ijtld.12.0807 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=23651792 }} </ref> | |||
*[[Wegener granulomatosis ]] | |||
*[[Yersinia pestis ]] | |||
*[[Zygomycosis ]] | |||
{{EndMultiCol}} | {{EndMultiCol}} | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{ | {{Reflist|2}} | ||
[[Category:Medicine]] | |||
[[Category: | [[Category:Gastroenterology]] | ||
[[Category: | [[Category:Up-To-Date]] | ||
[[Category:Emergency medicine]] | |||
Latest revision as of 22:02, 29 July 2020
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Hemoptysis Microchapters |
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Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
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Case Studies |
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Hemoptysis causes On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Hemoptysis causes |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Teresa Stahl, M.D. [2]; Sadaf Sharfaei M.D.[3]
Overview
Life-threatening causes of hemoptysis include pulmonary embolism. Common causes of hemoptysis include bronchiectasis, acute respiratory tract infections, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, bronchitis, pneumonia, lung cancer, tuberculosis, cystic fibrosis, and idiopathic. Less common causes of hemoptysis include ruptured aneurysms, lung abscess, aspergilloma, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, behçet's disease, aortobronchial fistula, pulmonary endometriosis, goodpasture syndrome, and foreign body aspiration.
Causes
Life Threatening Causes
- Hemoptysis may be a life-threatening condition depending on the severity of bleeding and must be treated appropriately.
- Life-threatening causes of hemoptysis include:
Common Causes
Less Common Causes
- Less common causes of hemoptysis include:[6][7]
- Ruptured aneurysms which include:
- Ruptured aortic aneurysm
- Ruptured bronchial artery aneurysm
- Ruptured pulmonary artery aneurysm
- Lung abscess
- Aspergilloma
- Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
- Behçet's disease
- Aortobronchial fistula
- Ruptured aneurysms which include:
- Pulmonary endometriosis
Causes by Organ System
Causes in Alphabetical order
References
- ↑ Mal H, Thabut G, Plantier L (2003). "[Hemoptysis]". Rev Prat (in French). 53 (9): 975–9. PMID 12816036.
- ↑ Allewelt M, Lode H (2005). "[Diagnosis of haemoptoe/haemoptysis]". Dtsch. Med. Wochenschr. (in German). 130 (9): 450–2. doi:10.1055/s-2005-863074. PMID 15731957.
- ↑ Liippo K, Vasankari T (2011). "[Hemoptysis]". Duodecim (in Finnish). 127 (2): 178–84. PMID 21442867.
- ↑ Ramírez Mejía AR, Méndez Montero JV, Vásquez-Caicedo ML, Bustos García de Castro A, Cabeza Martínez B, Ferreirós Domínguez J (2016). "Radiological Evaluation and Endovascular Treatment of Hemoptysis". Curr Probl Diagn Radiol. 45 (3): 215–24. doi:10.1067/j.cpradiol.2015.07.007. PMID 26293972.
- ↑ Yazıcıoğlu A, Yekeler E, Yazıcı Ü, Aydın E, Taştepe İ, Karaoğlanoğlu N (2016). "Management of Massive Hemoptysis: Analyses of 58 Patients". Turk Thorac J. 17 (4): 148–152. doi:10.5152/TurkThoracJ.2016.002. PMID 29404145.
- ↑ Noë, G.D.; Jaffé, S.M.; Molan, M.P. (2011). "CT and CT angiography in massive haemoptysis with emphasis on pre-embolization assessment". Clinical Radiology. 66 (9): 869–875. doi:10.1016/j.crad.2011.03.001. ISSN 0009-9260.
- ↑ Earwood JS, Thompson TD (2015). "Hemoptysis: evaluation and management". Am Fam Physician. 91 (4): 243–9. PMID 25955625.
- ↑ name="pmid9856693">Ravishankar R, Samuels LE, Kaufman MS, Samuels FL, Thomas MP, Galindo L; et al. (1998). "Amiodarone-associated hemoptysis". Am J Med Sci. 316 (6): 390–2. PMID 9856693.
- ↑ name="pmid8200191">Cahill BC, Ingbar DH (1994). "Massive hemoptysis. Assessment and management". Clin Chest Med. 15 (1): 147–67. PMID 8200191.
- ↑ name="pmid21150234">Yiannakopoulou EC (2011). "Hemoptysis under diclofenac and antiplatelet doses of aspirin". Pharmacology. 87 (1–2): 1–4. doi:10.1159/000321728. PMID 21150234.
- ↑ name="pmid8200191">Cahill BC, Ingbar DH (1994). "Massive hemoptysis. Assessment and management". Clin Chest Med. 15 (1): 147–67. PMID 8200191.
- ↑ name="pmid23410873">Bouzelmat H, Chaib A, Kheyi J, Kotni M, Ghafir D, Moustaghfir A (2013). "[Hemoptysis revealing pulmonary artery aneurysm associated with intracardiac thrombosis: a delicate anticoagulation situation (a case report of Behçet's disease)]". J Mal Vasc. 38 (3): 198–200. doi:10.1016/j.jmv.2013.01.001. PMID 23410873.
- ↑ name="pmid17368626">Cho YJ, Murgu SD, Colt HG (2007). "Bronchoscopy for bevacizumab-related hemoptysis". Lung Cancer. 56 (3): 465–8. doi:10.1016/j.lungcan.2007.01.022. PMID 17368626.
- ↑ name="pmid18330760\">Elbek O, Börekçi S, Dikensoy E, Kibar Y, Bayram H, Bakir K; et al. (2008). "Catamenial hemoptysis". Tuberk Toraks. 56 (1): 87–91. PMID 18330760\ Check
|pmid=value (help). - ↑ name="pmid1589607">Perper JA, Van Thiel DH (1992). "Respiratory complications of cocaine abuse". Recent Dev Alcohol. 10: 363–77. PMID 1589607.
- ↑ name="pmid8200191">Cahill BC, Ingbar DH (1994). "Massive hemoptysis. Assessment and management". Clin Chest Med. 15 (1): 147–67. PMID 8200191.
- ↑ name="pmid6830384">Brandwein S, Esdaile J, Danoff D, Tannenbaum H (1983). "Wegener's granulomatosis. Clinical features and outcome in 13 patients". Arch Intern Med. 143 (3): 476–9. PMID 6830384.
- ↑ name="pmid8200191">Cahill BC, Ingbar DH (1994). "Massive hemoptysis. Assessment and management". Clin Chest Med. 15 (1): 147–67. PMID 8200191.
- ↑ name="pmid19364794">Nanda S, Bhatt SP (2009). "Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia: epistaxis and hemoptysis". CMAJ. 180 (8): 838. doi:10.1503/cmaj.081003. PMC 2665967. PMID 19364794.
- ↑ name="pmid8200191">Cahill BC, Ingbar DH (1994). "Massive hemoptysis. Assessment and management". Clin Chest Med. 15 (1): 147–67. PMID 8200191.
- ↑ name="pmid16369404">Sharma B, Sharma M, Bondi E, Sharma M (2005). "Kartagener's syndrome associated with allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis". MedGenMed. 7 (2): 25. PMC 1681543. PMID 16369404.
- ↑ name="pmid19139613">Alherabi A (2009). "A case of Lemierre syndrome". Ann Saudi Med. 29 (1): 58–60. PMC 2813609. PMID 19139613.
- ↑ name="pmid8200191">Cahill BC, Ingbar DH (1994). "Massive hemoptysis. Assessment and management". Clin Chest Med. 15 (1): 147–67. PMID 8200191.
- ↑ name="pmid11753458">Bjornson CL, Kirk VG (2001). "Munchausen's syndrome presenting as hemoptysis in a 12-year-old girl". Can Respir J. 8 (6): 439–42. PMID 11753458.
- ↑ name="pmid8200191">Cahill BC, Ingbar DH (1994). "Massive hemoptysis. Assessment and management". Clin Chest Med. 15 (1): 147–67. PMID 8200191.
- ↑ name="pmid2319524">Kraus A, Guerra-Bautista G, Chavarria P (1990). "Paragonimiasis: an infrequent but treatable cause of hemoptysis in systemic lupus erythematosus". J Rheumatol. 17 (2): 244–6. PMID 2319524.
- ↑ name="pmid8200191">Cahill BC, Ingbar DH (1994). "Massive hemoptysis. Assessment and management". Clin Chest Med. 15 (1): 147–67. PMID 8200191.
- ↑ name="pmid3430507">Devogelaer JP, Pirson Y, Vandenbroucke JM, Cosyns JP, Brichard S, Nagant de Deuxchaisnes C (1987). "D-penicillamine induced crescentic glomerulonephritis: report and review of the literature". J Rheumatol. 14 (5): 1036–41. PMID 3430507.
- ↑ name="pmid11124658">Drent M, Wessels S, Jacobs JA, Thijssen H (2000). "Association of diffuse alveolar haemorrhage with acquired vitamin K deficiency". Respiration. 67 (6): 697. doi:56305 Check
|doi=value (help). PMID 11124658. - ↑ name="pmid18273490">Bédard E, Lopez S, Perron J, Houde C, Couture C, Vaillancourt R; et al. (2008). "Life-threatening hemoptysis following the Fontan procedure". Can J Cardiol. 24 (2): 145–7. PMC 2644573. PMID 18273490.
- ↑ name="pmid12857055">Nakamori Y, Tominaga T, Inoue Y, Shinohara K (2003). "Propylthiouracil (PTU)-induced vasculitis associated with antineutrophil antibody against myeloperoxidase (MPO-ANCA)". Intern Med. 42 (6): 529–33. PMID 12857055.
- ↑ name="pmid18292723">Iwata T, Inoue K, Nishiyama N, Izumi N, Mizuguchi S, Tsukioka T; et al. (2007). "Late massive hemoptysis after transbronchial biopsy of hamartoma: an involvement of pulmonary artery and vein". Ann Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 13 (6): 400–2. PMID 18292723.
- ↑ name="pmid8200191">Cahill BC, Ingbar DH (1994). "Massive hemoptysis. Assessment and management". Clin Chest Med. 15 (1): 147–67. PMID 8200191.
- ↑ name="pmid23651792">Lee J, Park YS, Lee CH, Lee SM, Yoo CG, Kim YW; et al. (2013). "Antiplatelet or anticoagulant therapy might not increase the risk of haemoptysis in patients with bronchiectasis". Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 17 (7): 989–91. doi:10.5588/ijtld.12.0807. PMID 23651792.