Olecranon bursitis: Difference between revisions
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==Causes== | ==Causes== | ||
Bursitis normally develops as a result either of a single injury to the elbow, or perhaps more commonly due to repeated minor injuries, such as may be caused by repeatedly leaning on the point of the elbow on a hard surface. As a reaction to injury, the lining of the bursa becomes inflamed. It then secretes a much greater than normal amount of fluid into the closed cavity of the bursa, from where it has nowhere to go. The bursa therefore inflates, producing a swelling over the proximal end of the ulna which is usually inflamed and tender. | Bursitis normally develops as a result either of a single injury to the elbow, or perhaps more commonly due to repeated minor injuries, such as may be caused by repeatedly leaning on the point of the elbow on a hard surface. As a reaction to injury, the lining of the bursa becomes inflamed. It then secretes a much greater than normal amount of fluid into the closed cavity of the bursa, from where it has nowhere to go. The bursa therefore inflates, producing a swelling over the proximal end of the ulna which is usually inflamed and tender. | ||
==Differential diagnosis== | |||
Olecranon bursitis must be differentiated from other causes of bursitis | |||
{| style="border: 0px; font-size: 90%; margin: 3px;" align=center | |||
|+ | |||
! style="background: #4479BA; width: 150px;" | {{fontcolor|#FFF|Type of Bursitis}} | |||
! style="background: #4479BA; width: 650px;" | {{fontcolor|#FFF|Differential diagnosis}} | |||
|- | |||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" | '''[[Subacromial bursitis]]'''<ref name=bursitis-upper-limb> Walker‐Bone, Karen, et al. "Prevalence and impact of musculoskeletal disorders of the upper limb in the general population.</ref> | |||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" | | |||
*[[tendinitis|Rotator cuff tendinitis]] | |||
*[[tendinitis|Supraspinatus tendinitis]] | |||
*[[tendinitis|Bicipital tendinitis]] | |||
*[[Frozen shoulder]] or [[adhesive capsulitis]] | |||
*[[Rotator cuff|Rotator cuff tears]] | |||
|- | |||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" | '''[[Olecranon bursitis]]'''<ref name="pmid8894865">{{cite journal| author=Stell IM| title=Septic and non-septic olecranon bursitis in the accident and emergency department--an approach to management. | journal=J Accid Emerg Med | year= 1996 | volume= 13 | issue= 5 | pages= 351-3 | pmid=8894865 | doi= | pmc=1342774 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=8894865 }} </ref><ref name="pmid21075998">{{cite journal| author=Lockman L| title=Treating nonseptic olecranon bursitis: a 3-step technique. | journal=Can Fam Physician | year= 2010 | volume= 56 | issue= 11 | pages= 1157 | pmid=21075998 | doi= | pmc=2980436 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=21075998 }} </ref> | |||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" | | |||
*[[Triceps]] [[tendinitis]] | |||
*[[Olecranon]] spur | |||
*[[Gout]] and [[Pseudogout]] | |||
*[[Fracture]] of the [[ulna|olecranon process of the ulna]] | |||
*Synovial cyst of the elbow joint | |||
*[[Lipoma]] | |||
|- | |||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" | '''[[Trochanteric bursitis]]'''<ref name="pmid17880718">{{cite journal| author=Brinks A, van Rijn RM, Bohnen AM, Slee GL, Verhaar JA, Koes BW et al.| title=Effect of corticosteroid injection for trochanter pain syndrome: design of a randomised clinical trial in general practice. | journal=BMC Musculoskelet Disord | year= 2007 | volume= 8 | issue= | pages= 95 | pmid=17880718 | doi=10.1186/1471-2474-8-95 | pmc=2045096 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=17880718 }} </ref><ref name="pmid4055877">{{cite journal| author=Karpinski MR, Piggott H| title=Greater trochanteric pain syndrome. A report of 15 cases. | journal=J Bone Joint Surg Br | year= 1985 | volume= 67 | issue= 5 | pages= 762-3 | pmid=4055877 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=4055877 }} </ref> | |||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" | | |||
*Femur Injuries and [[fractures]] | |||
*Femoral neck [[stress fracture]] | |||
*Femoral head [[avascular necrosis]] | |||
*[[Lumbar disk|Lumbar disk Problems]] | |||
*[[Sacroiliac Joint]] Injury | |||
*[[Hamstring|Hamstring Injury]] | |||
*[[Iliopsoas]] [[tendinitis]] | |||
*Lumbar and lumbosacral disk injuries | |||
*Lumbosacral [[radiculopathy]] | |||
*Lumbosacral spine strain or sprain | |||
*[[Spondylolisthesis]] | |||
|- | |||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" | '''[[Prepatellar bursitis]]'''<ref name=Bursitis-four-types> Aaron, Daniel L., et al. "Four common types of bursitis: diagnosis and management." Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons 19.6 (2011): 359-367.</ref><ref name=Prepatellar-Bursitis> Huang, Yu-Chih, and Wen-Lin Yeh. "Endoscopic treatment of prepatellar bursitis." International orthopaedics 35.3 (2011): 355-358.</ref><ref>Meyerding, Henry W., and ROBERT E. VanDEMARK. "POSTERIOR HERNIA OF THE KNEE:(BAKER'S CYST, POPLITEAL CYST, SEMIMEMBRANOSUS BURSITIS, MEDIAL GASTROCNEMIUS BURSITIS AND POPLITEAL BURSITIS)." Journal of the American Medical Association 122.13 (1943): 858-861.</ref> | |||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" | | |||
*[[Meniscal tear]] | |||
*[[osteonecrosis|Spontaneous osteonecrosis]] | |||
*[[Tumor]]s | |||
*Proximal tibia [[stress fracture]] | |||
*[[Medial collateral ligament]] and [[Lateral collateral ligament|Lateral collateral Ligament Injury]] | |||
*[[Posterior cruciate ligament|Posterior cruciate ligament injury]] | |||
*[[Osteoarthritis]] | |||
*[[Rheumatoid Arthritis|Rheumatoid Arthritis (RF)]] | |||
*Pes Anserine Bursitis | |||
*[[Baker's cyst]] | |||
|- | |||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" | '''[[Retrocalcaneal bursitis]]'''<ref name=Harrison-rheumatology> Fauci, Anthony S., and Carol Langford. Harrison's rheumatology. McGraw Hill Professional, 2010.</ref><ref name=Achilles-tendon> Lyman, Jeffrey, Paul S. Weinhold, and Louis C. Almekinders. "Strain behavior of the distal Achilles tendon implications for insertional Achilles tendinopathy." The American Journal of Sports Medicine 32.2 (2004): 457-461.</ref> | |||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" | | |||
*[[tendonitis|Achilles tendonitis]] | |||
*Posterior ankle impingment | |||
*[[Haglund deformity]] | |||
*Tendon rupture | |||
*[[Plantar fasciitis]] | |||
|} | |||
==Treatment== | ==Treatment== | ||
Latest revision as of 00:32, 19 September 2017
| Olecranon bursitis | |
| ICD-10 | M70.2 |
|---|---|
| ICD-9 | 726.33 |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor-In-Chief: Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [2]
Overview
Olecranon bursitis is a clinical condition characterized by pain, swelling and inflammation of the olecranon bursa. This bursa is located over the extensor aspect of the extreme proximal end of the ulna. In common with other bursae, it is in the normal state invisible and impalpable, and contains only a very small amount of fluid, but fulfills the function of all bursae in facilitating movement at a joint (in this case the elbow) by enabling anatomical structures to glide more easily over each other. Also in common with other bursae, it can become inflamed, producing a condition called bursitis.
Causes
Bursitis normally develops as a result either of a single injury to the elbow, or perhaps more commonly due to repeated minor injuries, such as may be caused by repeatedly leaning on the point of the elbow on a hard surface. As a reaction to injury, the lining of the bursa becomes inflamed. It then secretes a much greater than normal amount of fluid into the closed cavity of the bursa, from where it has nowhere to go. The bursa therefore inflates, producing a swelling over the proximal end of the ulna which is usually inflamed and tender.
Differential diagnosis
Olecranon bursitis must be differentiated from other causes of bursitis
| Type of Bursitis | Differential diagnosis |
|---|---|
| Subacromial bursitis[1] | |
| Olecranon bursitis[2][3] |
|
| Trochanteric bursitis[4][5] |
|
| Prepatellar bursitis[6][7][8] | |
| Retrocalcaneal bursitis[9][10] |
|
Treatment
Ideal treatment consists of aspirating the excess with a syringe, and injecting into the bursa a hydrocortisone type medication which will relieve the inflammation and prevent further accumulation of fluid. The patient must also be instructed to avoid leaning on the elbow.
References
- ↑ Walker‐Bone, Karen, et al. "Prevalence and impact of musculoskeletal disorders of the upper limb in the general population.
- ↑ Stell IM (1996). "Septic and non-septic olecranon bursitis in the accident and emergency department--an approach to management". J Accid Emerg Med. 13 (5): 351–3. PMC 1342774. PMID 8894865.
- ↑ Lockman L (2010). "Treating nonseptic olecranon bursitis: a 3-step technique". Can Fam Physician. 56 (11): 1157. PMC 2980436. PMID 21075998.
- ↑ Brinks A, van Rijn RM, Bohnen AM, Slee GL, Verhaar JA, Koes BW; et al. (2007). "Effect of corticosteroid injection for trochanter pain syndrome: design of a randomised clinical trial in general practice". BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 8: 95. doi:10.1186/1471-2474-8-95. PMC 2045096. PMID 17880718.
- ↑ Karpinski MR, Piggott H (1985). "Greater trochanteric pain syndrome. A report of 15 cases". J Bone Joint Surg Br. 67 (5): 762–3. PMID 4055877.
- ↑ Aaron, Daniel L., et al. "Four common types of bursitis: diagnosis and management." Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons 19.6 (2011): 359-367.
- ↑ Huang, Yu-Chih, and Wen-Lin Yeh. "Endoscopic treatment of prepatellar bursitis." International orthopaedics 35.3 (2011): 355-358.
- ↑ Meyerding, Henry W., and ROBERT E. VanDEMARK. "POSTERIOR HERNIA OF THE KNEE:(BAKER'S CYST, POPLITEAL CYST, SEMIMEMBRANOSUS BURSITIS, MEDIAL GASTROCNEMIUS BURSITIS AND POPLITEAL BURSITIS)." Journal of the American Medical Association 122.13 (1943): 858-861.
- ↑ Fauci, Anthony S., and Carol Langford. Harrison's rheumatology. McGraw Hill Professional, 2010.
- ↑ Lyman, Jeffrey, Paul S. Weinhold, and Louis C. Almekinders. "Strain behavior of the distal Achilles tendon implications for insertional Achilles tendinopathy." The American Journal of Sports Medicine 32.2 (2004): 457-461.
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