Osteomyelitis risk factors: Difference between revisions
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__NOTOC__ | __NOTOC__ | ||
{{Osteomyelitis}} | {{Osteomyelitis}} | ||
{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{MehdiP}}, {{NRM}} | |||
==Overview== | |||
Risk factors for osteomyelitis include [[diabetes]], [[hemodialysis]], [[immunocompromised]] patients, [[tuberculosis]] infection, [[IV drug use]], poor blood circulation, [[sickle-cell disease]], recent [[trauma]], and [[orthopedic surgery]]. | |||
==Risk Factors== | |||
Risk factors associated with osteomyelitis could be divided to 2 major categories; '''systemic factors''' and '''local factors''':<ref name="LewWaldvogel1997">{{cite journal|last1=Lew|first1=Daniel P.|last2=Waldvogel|first2=Francis A.|title=Osteomyelitis|journal=New England Journal of Medicine|volume=336|issue=14|year=1997|pages=999–1007|issn=0028-4793|doi=10.1056/NEJM199704033361406}}</ref><ref name="LewWaldvogel2004">{{cite journal|last1=Lew|first1=Daniel P|last2=Waldvogel|first2=Francis A|title=Osteomyelitis|journal=The Lancet|volume=364|issue=9431|year=2004|pages=369–379|issn=01406736|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(04)16727-5}}</ref><ref name="MaderShirtliff1997">{{cite journal|last1=Mader|first1=Jon T.|last2=Shirtliff|first2=Mark|last3=Calhoun|first3=Jason H.|title=Staging and Staging Application in Osteomyelitis|journal=Clinical Infectious Diseases|volume=25|issue=6|year=1997|pages=1303–1309|issn=1058-4838|doi=10.1086/516149}}</ref> | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
!'''Systemic factors''' | |||
!'''Local factors''' | |||
|- | |||
|[[Malnutrition]] | |||
|Chronic [[lymphedema]] | |||
|- | |||
|[[Diabetes mellitus]] | |||
|[[Venous stasis]] | |||
|- | |||
|[[Renal failure]] | |||
|Major vessel compromise | |||
|- | |||
|[[Hepatic failure]] | |||
|[[Arteritis]] | |||
|- | |||
|Chronic [[Hypoxemia|hypoxia]] | |||
|Small vessel disease | |||
|- | |||
|[[Immunodeficiency]] | |||
|Extensive [[Scar|scarring]] | |||
|- | |||
|[[Malignancy]] | |||
|[[Radiation fibrosis]] | |||
|- | |||
| rowspan="2" |Extremes of age | |||
|[[Neuropathy]] | |||
|- | |||
|Tobacco abuse (≥2 packs per day) | |||
|- | |||
| rowspan="3" |[[Tuberculosis]] | |||
|Injected drug use | |||
|- | |||
|[[Orthopedic surgery]] | |||
|- | |||
|Recent trauma | |||
|} | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{Reflist|2}} | |||
{{WH}} | |||
{{WS}} | |||
[[Category:Orthopedics]] | [[Category:Orthopedics]] | ||
[[Category:Bacterial diseases]] | [[Category:Bacterial diseases]] | ||
[[Category:Skeletal disorders]] | [[Category:Skeletal disorders]] | ||
[[Category:Disease]] | |||
[[Category:Emergency mdicine]] | |||
[[Category:Up-To-Date]] | |||
[[Category:Infectious disease]] | [[Category:Infectious disease]] | ||
Latest revision as of 23:28, 29 July 2020
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Seyedmahdi Pahlavani, M.D. [2], Nate Michalak, B.A.
Overview
Risk factors for osteomyelitis include diabetes, hemodialysis, immunocompromised patients, tuberculosis infection, IV drug use, poor blood circulation, sickle-cell disease, recent trauma, and orthopedic surgery.
Risk Factors
Risk factors associated with osteomyelitis could be divided to 2 major categories; systemic factors and local factors:[1][2][3]
| Systemic factors | Local factors |
|---|---|
| Malnutrition | Chronic lymphedema |
| Diabetes mellitus | Venous stasis |
| Renal failure | Major vessel compromise |
| Hepatic failure | Arteritis |
| Chronic hypoxia | Small vessel disease |
| Immunodeficiency | Extensive scarring |
| Malignancy | Radiation fibrosis |
| Extremes of age | Neuropathy |
| Tobacco abuse (≥2 packs per day) | |
| Tuberculosis | Injected drug use |
| Orthopedic surgery | |
| Recent trauma |
References
- ↑ Lew, Daniel P.; Waldvogel, Francis A. (1997). "Osteomyelitis". New England Journal of Medicine. 336 (14): 999–1007. doi:10.1056/NEJM199704033361406. ISSN 0028-4793.
- ↑ Lew, Daniel P; Waldvogel, Francis A (2004). "Osteomyelitis". The Lancet. 364 (9431): 369–379. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(04)16727-5. ISSN 0140-6736.
- ↑ Mader, Jon T.; Shirtliff, Mark; Calhoun, Jason H. (1997). "Staging and Staging Application in Osteomyelitis". Clinical Infectious Diseases. 25 (6): 1303–1309. doi:10.1086/516149. ISSN 1058-4838.