Brucellosis (patient information): Difference between revisions

Jump to navigation Jump to search
No edit summary
m (Bot: Removing from Primary care)
 
(10 intermediate revisions by 4 users not shown)
Line 4: Line 4:
'''For the WikiDoc page for this topic, click [[Brucellosis|here]]'''
'''For the WikiDoc page for this topic, click [[Brucellosis|here]]'''


{{CMG}} {{AE}} {{RT}}
{{CMG}} {{AE}} {{RT}} {{DL}}


== Overview ==
== Overview ==


[[Brucellosis]] is an infectious disease that occurs from contact with animals carrying Brucella bacteria.
[[Brucellosis]] is an [[infectious disease]] that occurs from contact with [[animals]] carrying [[Brucella|''Brucella'']] [[bacteria]].


== What are the symptoms of Brucellosis? ==
== What are the symptoms of Brucellosis? ==


Acute brucellosis may begin with mild [[flu]]-like symptoms, or symptoms such as:
[[Acute (medical)|Acute]] brucellosis may begin with mild [[flu]]-like [[symptoms]], or [[symptoms]] such as:


* [[Abdominal pain]]
* [[Abdominal pain]]
Line 26: Line 26:
* [[Weight loss]]
* [[Weight loss]]


High fever spikes usually occur every afternoon. The name "undulant" fever is because the fever rises and falls in waves.
High [[fever]] spikes usually occur every afternoon. The name "undulant" [[fever]] is because the [[fever]] rises and falls in waves.


Other symptoms that may occur with this disease:
Other [[symptoms]] that may occur with this [[disease]]:


* [[Muscle pain]]
* [[Muscle pain]]
* Swollen glands
* [[Lymphadenopathy|Swollen glands]]


The illness may be chronic and last for years.
The illness may be [[Chronic (medical)|chronic]] and last for years.


== What causes Brucellosis? ==
== What causes Brucellosis? ==
 
* ''[[Brucella melitensis|Brucella]]'' can infect cattle, goats, camels, dogs, and pigs. The [[bacteria]] can spread to [[humans]] if you come in contact with [[infected]] meat or the [[placenta]] of [[infected]] [[animals]], or if you eat or drink unpasteurized milk or cheese.
Brucella can infect cattle, goats, camels, dogs, and pigs. The [[bacteria]] can spread to humans if you come in contact with infected meat or the placenta of infected animals, or if you eat or drink unpasteurized milk or cheese.
* Brucellosis is rare in the United States.
 
Brucellosis is rare in the United States. About 100 - 200 cases occur each year.


== Who is at highest risk? ==
== Who is at highest risk? ==
People working in jobs where they often come in contact with animals or meat -- such as slaughterhouse workers, farmers, and veterinarians -- are at higher risk.
* People working in jobs where they often come in contact with [[animals]] or meat such as slaughterhouse workers, farmers, and [[Veterinarian|veterinarians]], are at higher risk.


== When to seek urgent medical care? ==
== When to seek urgent medical care? ==
Line 54: Line 52:
== Diagnosis ==
== Diagnosis ==


* Blood culture
* [[Blood culture]]
* Bone marrow culture
* [[Bone marrow]] [[Culture medium|culture]]
* Clean catch urine culture
* [[CSF]] culture
* Serology for brucellosis antigen
* Serology for brucellosis antigen


This disease may also change the results of the following tests:
This [[disease]] may also change the results of the following tests:


* Febrile/[[cold agglutinins]]
* Febrile/[[cold agglutinins]]
Line 66: Line 62:
* Serum [[immunoelectrophoresis]]
* Serum [[immunoelectrophoresis]]


== Treatment ==
== Treatment options ==
 
* [[Antibiotics]] are used to treat the [[infection]] and [[Prevention (medical)|prevent]] it from coming back. Longer courses of therapy may be needed if there are [[complications]].
Antibiotics are used to treat the infection and prevent it from coming back. Longer courses of therapy may be needed if there are complications.


== Prevention ==
== Prevention ==
* Drinking and eating only pasteurized milk and cheeses is the most important way to [[Prevention (medical)|prevent]] brucellosis. People who handle meat should wear protective glasses and clothing and protect [http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000043.htm skin breaks] from [[infection]].
* Detecting infected animals controls the infection at its source. Vaccination is available for cattle, but not humans.


Drinking and eating only pasteurized milk and cheeses is the most important way to prevent brucellosis. People who handle meat should wear protective glasses and clothing and protect [http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000043.htm skin breaks] from infection.
== Where to find medical care for Brucellosis? ==
 
[http://maps.google.com/maps?q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|map+top+hospital+Brucellosis}}}}&oe=utf-8&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&client=firefox-a&um=1&ie=UTF-8&sa=N&hl=en&tab=wl Directions to Hospitals Treating Brucellosis]
Detecting infected animals controls the infection at its source. Vaccination is available for cattle, but not humans.


== What to expect (Outlook/Prognosis)? ==
== What to expect (Outlook/Prognosis)? ==
 
* [[Relapse|Relapses]] may occur, and [[symptoms]] may continue for years. As with [[tuberculosis]], the illness can come back after a long period of time.
Relapse may occur, and symptoms may continue for years. As with tuberculosis, the illness can come back after a long period of time.


== Possible complications ==
== Possible complications ==


* Bone and joint [[sores]] (lesions)
* Bone and [[Arthralgia|joint sores]] (lesions)
* [[Encephalitis]]
* [[Encephalitis]]
* [[Infective endocarditis]]
* [[Infective endocarditis]]
Line 90: Line 85:
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000597.htm
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000597.htm


{{WH}}
{{WS}}
[[Category:Bacterial diseases]]
[[Category:Occupational diseases]]
[[Category:Zoonoses]]
[[Category:Biological weapons]]
[[Category:Disease]]
[[Category:Patient information]]
[[Category:Patient information]]
[[Category:Emergency medicine]]
[[Category:Up-To-Date]]
[[Category:Infectious disease]]
[[Category:Rheumatology]]

Latest revision as of 20:44, 29 July 2020

Brucellosis

Overview

What are the symptoms?

What are the causes?

Who is at highest risk?

When to seek urgent medical care?

Diagnosis

Treatment options

Prevention

Where to find medical care for Brucellosis?

What to expect (Outlook/Prognosis)?

Possible complications

Brucellosis On the Web

Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov

Images of Brucellosis

Videos on Brucellosis

FDA on Brucellosis

CDC on Brucellosis

Brucellosis in the news

Blogs on Brucellosis

Directions to Hospitals Treating Brucellosis

Risk calculators and risk factors for Brucellosis

For the WikiDoc page for this topic, click here

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Raviteja Guddeti, M.B.B.S. [2] Danitza Lukac

Overview

Brucellosis is an infectious disease that occurs from contact with animals carrying Brucella bacteria.

What are the symptoms of Brucellosis?

Acute brucellosis may begin with mild flu-like symptoms, or symptoms such as:

High fever spikes usually occur every afternoon. The name "undulant" fever is because the fever rises and falls in waves.

Other symptoms that may occur with this disease:

The illness may be chronic and last for years.

What causes Brucellosis?

  • Brucella can infect cattle, goats, camels, dogs, and pigs. The bacteria can spread to humans if you come in contact with infected meat or the placenta of infected animals, or if you eat or drink unpasteurized milk or cheese.
  • Brucellosis is rare in the United States.

Who is at highest risk?

  • People working in jobs where they often come in contact with animals or meat such as slaughterhouse workers, farmers, and veterinarians, are at higher risk.

When to seek urgent medical care?

Call for an appointment with your health care provider if:

  • You develop symptoms of brucellosis
  • Your symptoms get worse or do not improve with treatment
  • You develop new symptoms

Diagnosis

This disease may also change the results of the following tests:

Treatment options

Prevention

  • Drinking and eating only pasteurized milk and cheeses is the most important way to prevent brucellosis. People who handle meat should wear protective glasses and clothing and protect skin breaks from infection.
  • Detecting infected animals controls the infection at its source. Vaccination is available for cattle, but not humans.

Where to find medical care for Brucellosis?

Directions to Hospitals Treating Brucellosis

What to expect (Outlook/Prognosis)?

Possible complications

Sources

http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000597.htm

Template:WH Template:WS