Chronic bronchitis physical examination: Difference between revisions
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__NOTOC__ | __NOTOC__ | ||
{{Chronic bronchitis}} | {{Chronic bronchitis}} | ||
{{CMG}} | {{CMG}} {{AE}}{{MehdiP}} | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Chronic | Chronic bronchitis can be diagnostically evaluated by physical examination through [[auscultation]]. Physical examination is quite specific and sensitive for severe disease. The signs are usually difficult to detect in cases of mild to moderate diseases. Findings on general physical examination can be [[cyanosis]], [[tachypnea]], use of accessory respiratory muscles, paradoxical indrawing of lower intercostal spaces is evident (known as the [[Hoover's sign]]), elevated [[jugular venous pulse]], and peripheral [[edema]]. Pulmonary examination findings include: barrel chest ([[emphysema]]), [[wheezing]], hyperresonance, [[crackles]] and [[rhonchi]].<ref name="pmid27087562">{{cite journal |vauthors=Mehta GR, Mohammed R, Sarfraz S, Khan T, Ahmed K, Villareal M, Martinez D, Iskander J, Mohammed R |title=Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A guide for the primary care physician |journal=Dis Mon |volume=62 |issue=6 |pages=164–87 |year=2016 |pmid=27087562 |doi=10.1016/j.disamonth.2016.03.002 |url=}}</ref> | ||
==Physical Examination== | ==Physical Examination== | ||
Physical examination | Physical examination is quite specific and sensitive for severe disease. The signs are usually difficult to detect in cases of mild to moderate diseases.<ref name="pmid27087562">{{cite journal |vauthors=Mehta GR, Mohammed R, Sarfraz S, Khan T, Ahmed K, Villareal M, Martinez D, Iskander J, Mohammed R |title=Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A guide for the primary care physician |journal=Dis Mon |volume=62 |issue=6 |pages=164–87 |year=2016 |pmid=27087562 |doi=10.1016/j.disamonth.2016.03.002 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid8430714">{{cite journal |vauthors=Badgett RG, Tanaka DJ, Hunt DK, Jelley MJ, Feinberg LE, Steiner JF, Petty TL |title=Can moderate chronic obstructive pulmonary disease be diagnosed by historical and physical findings alone? |journal=Am. J. Med. |volume=94 |issue=2 |pages=188–96 |year=1993 |pmid=8430714 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | ||
===Appearance of the Patient=== | ===Appearance of the Patient=== | ||
* | * Typically overweight | ||
* [[Cyanosis]] | * [[Cyanosis]], typically in lips and fingers | ||
===Vital Signs=== | ===Vital Signs=== | ||
| Line 19: | Line 20: | ||
===Lungs=== | ===Lungs=== | ||
====Inspection==== | ====Inspection==== | ||
* Respiratory distress indicated by use of accessory respiratory muscles | * Respiratory distress indicated by use of accessory respiratory muscles | ||
* [[Hoover's sign]], presenting as paradoxical indrawing of lower intercostal spaces, is evident | |||
====Auscultation==== | ====Auscultation==== | ||
* Prolonged expiration; [[wheezing]] | * Prolonged expiration; [[wheezing]] | ||
* Diffusely decreased breath sound | * Diffusely decreased breath sound | ||
* | * Coarse [[crackles]] with inspiration | ||
* Coarse [[rhonchi]] | |||
===Extremities=== | ===Extremities=== | ||
* [[Peripheral edema]] | * [[Peripheral edema]] | ||
| Line 30: | Line 33: | ||
{{Reflist|2}} | {{Reflist|2}} | ||
{{WH}} | |||
{{WS}} | |||
[[Category:Pulmonology]] | [[Category:Pulmonology]] | ||
[[Category:Emergency medicine]] | [[Category:Emergency medicine]] | ||
[[Category:Disease]] | |||
[[Category:Up-To-Date]] | |||
[[Category:Infectious disease]] | |||
Latest revision as of 20:56, 29 July 2020
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Seyedmahdi Pahlavani, M.D. [2]
Overview
Chronic bronchitis can be diagnostically evaluated by physical examination through auscultation. Physical examination is quite specific and sensitive for severe disease. The signs are usually difficult to detect in cases of mild to moderate diseases. Findings on general physical examination can be cyanosis, tachypnea, use of accessory respiratory muscles, paradoxical indrawing of lower intercostal spaces is evident (known as the Hoover's sign), elevated jugular venous pulse, and peripheral edema. Pulmonary examination findings include: barrel chest (emphysema), wheezing, hyperresonance, crackles and rhonchi.[1]
Physical Examination
Physical examination is quite specific and sensitive for severe disease. The signs are usually difficult to detect in cases of mild to moderate diseases.[1][2]
Appearance of the Patient
- Typically overweight
- Cyanosis, typically in lips and fingers
Vital Signs
Respiratory Rate
Head
- Elevated jugular venous pulse (JVP)
Lungs
Inspection
- Respiratory distress indicated by use of accessory respiratory muscles
- Hoover's sign, presenting as paradoxical indrawing of lower intercostal spaces, is evident
Auscultation
- Prolonged expiration; wheezing
- Diffusely decreased breath sound
- Coarse crackles with inspiration
- Coarse rhonchi
Extremities
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Mehta GR, Mohammed R, Sarfraz S, Khan T, Ahmed K, Villareal M, Martinez D, Iskander J, Mohammed R (2016). "Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A guide for the primary care physician". Dis Mon. 62 (6): 164–87. doi:10.1016/j.disamonth.2016.03.002. PMID 27087562.
- ↑ Badgett RG, Tanaka DJ, Hunt DK, Jelley MJ, Feinberg LE, Steiner JF, Petty TL (1993). "Can moderate chronic obstructive pulmonary disease be diagnosed by historical and physical findings alone?". Am. J. Med. 94 (2): 188–96. PMID 8430714.