Balanoposthitis: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | |||
'''Balanoposthitis''' is an inflammation of the [[glans penis]] and the [[foreskin]]. | |||
==Symptoms and Signs== | |||
* Soreness | |||
* Irritation | |||
* Subpreputial discharge | |||
* [[Phimosis]] | |||
* Superficial ulcerations | |||
* Inguinal [[adenopathy]] | |||
* Anxiety | |||
* Lower back pain | |||
* Fatigue | |||
* Redness of penis | |||
* Painful penis and foreskin | |||
* Rashes on the penis and foul smell discharge | |||
==Treatment of Balanoposthitis== | |||
* Topical antibiotics like metronidazole cream and antifungals clotrimazole cream or low-potency steroid creams are suggested beneficial for this disease. | |||
* Proper hygiene and regular washing of prepuce is useful for the prevention of balanoposthitis. | |||
* Circumcision may be promoted in recurrent and recalcitrant cases. | |||
Since anaerobic conditions are necessary for growth of the offending organisms, simple exposure to air and local cleansing is most often effective. Formerly, this treatment, used with peroxide powder and arsphenamine and, in severe cases, a dorsal slit, was the extent of therapy. With the advent of penicillin and other systemic and local antibiotics, the treatment is specific and effective; however, even now a dorsal slit procedure is sometimes necessary. | |||
==In other animals== | |||
In [[dog]]s, balanoposthitis is caused by a disruption in the [[integumentary system]], such as a [[wound]] or intrusion of a [[foreign body]]. A dog with this condition [[canine behavior|behaves]] normally, with the exception of excessive licking at the prepuce, and a yellow green, [[pus]]-like [[Mucopurulent discharge|discharge]] is usually present. | |||
In [[sheep]] (rams/wethers), ulcerative enzootic balanoposthitis is caused by the ''[[Corynebacterium renale]]'' group (''C. renale, C. pilosum & C. cystidis''). It is also known as "pizzle rot". | |||
For the condition in [[bull]]s, caused by a [[virus]] see [[Bovine herpesvirus 1]]. | |||
Balanoposthitis is believed to have contributed to the decline to near-extinction of [[Gilbert's potoroo]].<ref name="Rebecca Vaughan-Higgins 2011">Rebecca Vaughan-Higgins, Nicky Buller, J. Anthony Friend, Ian Robertson, Cree L. Monaghan, Stan Fenwick, and Kristin Warren (2011) Balanoposthitis, Dyspareunia, and Treponema in the Critically Endangered Gilbert's Potoroo (''Potorous gilbertii''). Journal of Wildlife Diseases: October 2011, Vol. 47, No. 4, pp. 1019-1025.</ref> | |||
==References== | |||
{{reflist|2}} | |||
{{Inflammation}} | |||
[[Category:Animal diseases]] | |||
Latest revision as of 18:46, 28 September 2015
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
Balanoposthitis is an inflammation of the glans penis and the foreskin.
Symptoms and Signs
- Soreness
- Irritation
- Subpreputial discharge
- Phimosis
- Superficial ulcerations
- Inguinal adenopathy
- Anxiety
- Lower back pain
- Fatigue
- Redness of penis
- Painful penis and foreskin
- Rashes on the penis and foul smell discharge
Treatment of Balanoposthitis
- Topical antibiotics like metronidazole cream and antifungals clotrimazole cream or low-potency steroid creams are suggested beneficial for this disease.
- Proper hygiene and regular washing of prepuce is useful for the prevention of balanoposthitis.
- Circumcision may be promoted in recurrent and recalcitrant cases.
Since anaerobic conditions are necessary for growth of the offending organisms, simple exposure to air and local cleansing is most often effective. Formerly, this treatment, used with peroxide powder and arsphenamine and, in severe cases, a dorsal slit, was the extent of therapy. With the advent of penicillin and other systemic and local antibiotics, the treatment is specific and effective; however, even now a dorsal slit procedure is sometimes necessary.
In other animals
In dogs, balanoposthitis is caused by a disruption in the integumentary system, such as a wound or intrusion of a foreign body. A dog with this condition behaves normally, with the exception of excessive licking at the prepuce, and a yellow green, pus-like discharge is usually present. In sheep (rams/wethers), ulcerative enzootic balanoposthitis is caused by the Corynebacterium renale group (C. renale, C. pilosum & C. cystidis). It is also known as "pizzle rot". For the condition in bulls, caused by a virus see Bovine herpesvirus 1. Balanoposthitis is believed to have contributed to the decline to near-extinction of Gilbert's potoroo.[1]
References
- ↑ Rebecca Vaughan-Higgins, Nicky Buller, J. Anthony Friend, Ian Robertson, Cree L. Monaghan, Stan Fenwick, and Kristin Warren (2011) Balanoposthitis, Dyspareunia, and Treponema in the Critically Endangered Gilbert's Potoroo (Potorous gilbertii). Journal of Wildlife Diseases: October 2011, Vol. 47, No. 4, pp. 1019-1025.