Drug induced liver injury causes: Difference between revisions

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Latest revision as of 20:26, 24 October 2016

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Rachita Navara, M.D. [2]

Overview

Hundreds of prescription and nonprescription medications as well as supplements have been implicated in drug induced liver injury. A free searchable database of causative agents is available through the National Institute of Health.

Causes

Common Causative Agents:

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular	No underlying causes
Chemical / poisoning	No underlying causes
Dermatologic	No underlying causes
Drug Side Effect	5-Azacytidine, Abacavir, Abiraterone, Acetaminophen, Agomelatine, Albendazole, Allopurinol, Altretamine, Amineptine, Amiodarone, Amitriptyline, Amoxicillin, Amphotericin B, Amprenavir, Anabolic steroids, Antituberculosis drugs, Apixaban, Arsenic trioxide, Asafetida, Asparaginase, Atorvastatin, Atovaquone, Azathioprine, Benoxaprofen, Bexarotene, Black cohosh extract, Bosentan, Bosutinib, Bromfenac, Bumetanide, Carfilzomib, Cascara, Caspofungin, Chaparral, Chenodeoxycholic acid, Chlormezanone, Chlorzoxazone, Ciprofloxacin, Clofarabine, Combined oral contraceptive pill, Comfrey, Crizotinib, Cyclobenzaprine, Dantrolene, Daptomycin, Dasatinib, Deferasirox, Desipramine, Diclofenac, Disulfiram, Docetaxel, Donepezil, Dothiepin, Dronedarone, Eltrombopag, Emtricitabine, Entecavir, Ephedra, Erlotinib, Erythromycin estolate, Ethanol, Ethinylestradiol, Ethionamide, Etretinate, Febuxostat, Felbamate, Fenofibrate, Fingolimod, Fluconazole, Flucytosine, Fluoxymesterone, Flutamide, Fluvastatin, Fosamprenavir, Frusemide, Fusidic acid, Ganciclovir, Gemcitabine, Gemtuzumab ozogamicin, Gold salts, Golimumab, Halothane, Imatinib mesylate, Imipenem, Interferon alpha, Interferon beta, Interleukin 2, Ipilimumab, Isoniazid, Isotretinoin, Kava root extract, Ketoconazole, Lapatinib ditosylate, Leflunomide, Lovastatin, Maraviroc, Meropenem, Mesalazine, Methotrexate, Methyldopa, Methyldopate, Micafungin, Minocycline, Mirtazapine, Mithramycin, Naltrexone, Nandrolone, Natalizumab, Nelfinavir, Nevirapine, Niacin, Nicotinic acid, Nimesulide, Nitisinone, Nitrofurantoin, Norfloxacin, Nortriptyline, Ondansetron, Oxyphenisatine, Paclitaxel, Para-amino salicylic acid, Pazopanib, Pegvisomant, Pemoline, Pentostatin, Phenelzine, Phenylbutazone, Phenytoin, Pralatrexate, Pravastatin, Procainamide, Propylthiouracil, Prothionamide, Pyrazinamide, Pyritinol, Pyrrolizidine alkaloids, Regorafenib, Rifabutin, Rifampicin, Riluzole, Ritonavir, Rivaroxaban, Rosuvastatin, Saquinavir, Simvastatin, Sitaxentan, Sorafenib, Stanozolol, Statins, Succimer, Suloctidil, Sulphasalazine, Sulphinpyrazone, Tegafur, Telithromycin, Teriflunomide, Thiabendazole, Thioguanine, Ticlopidine, Tipranavir, Tizanidine, Tolbutamide, Tolcapone, Tolrestat, Trabectedin, Troglitazone, Trovafloxacin, Ursodeoxycholic acid, Valganciclovir, Valproic acid, Velnacrine, Verapamil, Voriconazole, Ximelagatran, Zotepine, Alcohol, Carbimazole, Phenothiazines, Clofibrate, Tetracyclines
Ear Nose Throat	No underlying causes
Endocrine	No underlying causes
Environmental	No underlying causes
Gastroenterologic	No underlying causes
Genetic	No underlying causes
Hematologic	No underlying causes
Iatrogenic	No underlying causes
Infectious Disease	No underlying causes
Musculoskeletal / Ortho	No underlying causes
Neurologic	No underlying causes
Nutritional / Metabolic	No underlying causes
Obstetric/Gynecologic	No underlying causes
Oncologic	No underlying causes
Opthalmologic	No underlying causes
Overdose / Toxicity	No underlying causes
Psychiatric	No underlying causes
Pulmonary	No underlying causes
Renal / Electrolyte	No underlying causes
Rheum / Immune / Allergy	No underlying causes
Sexual	No underlying causes
Trauma	No underlying causes
Urologic	No underlying causes
Dental	No underlying causes
Miscellaneous	No underlying causes

Causes in Alphabetical Order

References

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 __NOTOC__
-{{Drug-induced hepatitis}}
+{{Drug induced liver injury}}
-{{CMG}}
+{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{Rachita}}
+==Overview==
+Hundreds of prescription and nonprescription medications as well as supplements have been implicated in drug induced liver injury. A free searchable database of causative agents is available through the [https://livertox.nlm.nih.gov/ National Institute of Health].
 ==Causes==
+===Common Causative Agents:===
+*[[Acetaminophen]]
+*[[Azithromycin]]
+*[[Ethanol]]
+*[[Statins]]
+*[[Tetracycline]]
+*[[Rosiglitazone]]
+*[[Amiodarone]]
+*[[Valproic Acid]]
+*[[Methotrexate]]
+*[[Isoniazid]]
+*[[Rifampin]]
 ===Causes by Organ System===
 {|style="width:80%; height:100px" border="1"
@@ Line 18: / Line 35: @@
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Drug Side Effect'''
-|bgcolor="Beige"| [[5-Azacytidine]], [[Abacavir]], [[Abiraterone]], [[Agomelatine]], [[Albendazole]], [[Allopurinol]], [[Altretamine]], [[Amineptine]], [[Amiodarone]], [[Amitriptyline]], [[Amoxicillin]], [[Amphotericin B]], [[Amprenavir]], [[Anabolic steroids]], [[Antituberculosis drugs]], [[Apixaban]], [[Arsenic trioxide]], [[Asafetida]], [[Asparaginase]], [[Atorvastatin]], [[Atovaquone]], [[Azathioprine]], [[Benoxaprofen]], [[Bexarotene]], [[Black cohosh extract]], [[Bosentan]], [[Bosutinib]], [[Bromfenac]], [[Bumetanide]], [[Carfilzomib]], [[Cascara]], [[Caspofungin]], [[Chaparral]], [[Chenodeoxycholic acid]], [[Chlormezanone]], [[Chlorzoxazone]], [[Ciprofloxacin]], [[Clofarabine]], [[Combined oral contraceptive pill]], [[Comfrey]], [[Crizotinib]], [[Cyclobenzaprine]], [[Dantrolene]], [[Daptomycin]], [[Dasatinib]], [[Deferasirox]], [[Desipramine]], [[Diclofenac]], [[Disulfiram]], [[Docetaxel]], [[Donepezil]], [[Dothiepin]], [[Dronedarone]], [[Eltrombopag]], [[Emtricitabine]], [[Entecavir]], [[Ephedra]], [[Erlotinib]], [[Erythromycin estolate]], [[Ethanol]], [[Ethinylestradiol]], [[Ethionamide]], [[Etretinate]], [[Febuxostat]], [[Felbamate]], [[Fenofibrate]], [[Fingolimod]], [[Fluconazole]], [[Flucytosine]], [[Fluoxymesterone]], [[Flutamide]], [[Fluvastatin]], [[Fosamprenavir]], [[Frusemide]], [[Fusidic acid]], [[Ganciclovir]], [[Gemcitabine]], [[Gemtuzumab ozogamicin]], [[Gold salts]], [[Golimumab]], [[Halothane]], [[Imatinib mesylate]], [[Imipenem]], [[Interferon alpha]], [[Interferon beta]], [[Interleukin 2]], [[Ipilimumab]], [[Isoniazid]], [[Isotretinoin]], [[Kava root extract]], [[Ketoconazole]], [[Lapatinib ditosylate]], [[Leflunomide]], [[Lovastatin]], [[Maraviroc]], [[Meropenem]], [[Mesalazine]], [[Methotrexate]], [[Methyldopa]], [[Methyldopa]], [[Methyldopate]], [[Micafungin]], [[Minocycline]], [[Mirtazapine]], [[Mithramycin]], [[Naltrexone]], [[Nandrolone]], [[Natalizumab]], [[Nelfinavir]], [[Nevirapine]], [[Niacin]], [[Nicotinic acid]], [[Nimesulide]], [[Nitisinone]], [[Nitrofurantoin]], [[Norfloxacin]], [[Nortriptyline]], [[Ondansetron]], [[Oxyphenisatine]], [[Paclitaxel]], [[Para-amino salicylic acid]], [[Paracetamol]], [[Pazopanib]], [[Pegvisomant]], [[Pemoline]], [[Pentostatin]], [[Phenelzine]], [[Phenylbutazone]], [[Phenytoin]], [[Pralatrexate]], [[Pravastatin]], [[Procainamide]], [[Propylthiouracil]], [[Prothionamide]], [[Pyrazinamide]], [[Pyritinol]], [[Pyrrolizidine alkaloids]], [[Regorafenib]], [[Rifabutin]], [[Rifampicin]], [[Riluzole]], [[Ritonavir]], [[Rivaroxaban]], [[Rosuvastatin]], [[Saquinavir]], [[Simvastatin]], [[Sitaxentan]], [[Sorafenib]], [[Stanozolol]], [[Statins]], [[Succimer]], [[Suloctidil]], [[Sulphasalazine]], [[Sulphinpyrazone]], [[Tegafur]], [[Telithromycin]], [[Teriflunomide]], [[Thiabendazole]], [[Thioguanine]], [[Ticlopidine]], [[Tipranavir]], [[Tizanidine]], [[Tolbutamide]], [[Tolcapone]], [[Tolrestat]], [[Trabectedin]], [[Troglitazone]], [[Trovafloxacin]], [[Ursodeoxycholic acid]], [[Valganciclovir]], [[Valproic acid]], [[Velnacrine]], [[Verapamil]], [[Voriconazole]], [[Ximelagatran]], [[Zotepine]]
+|bgcolor="Beige"| [[5-Azacytidine]], [[Abacavir]], [[Abiraterone]], [[Acetaminophen]], [[Agomelatine]], [[Albendazole]], [[Allopurinol]], [[Altretamine]], [[Amineptine]], [[Amiodarone]], [[Amitriptyline]], [[Amoxicillin]], [[Amphotericin B]], [[Amprenavir]], [[Anabolic steroids]], [[Antituberculosis drugs]], [[Apixaban]], [[Arsenic trioxide]], [[Asafetida]], [[Asparaginase]], [[Atorvastatin]], [[Atovaquone]], [[Azathioprine]], [[Benoxaprofen]], [[Bexarotene]], [[Black cohosh extract]], [[Bosentan]], [[Bosutinib]], [[Bromfenac]], [[Bumetanide]], [[Carfilzomib]], [[Cascara]], [[Caspofungin]], [[Chaparral]], [[Chenodeoxycholic acid]], [[Chlormezanone]], [[Chlorzoxazone]], [[Ciprofloxacin]], [[Clofarabine]], [[Combined oral contraceptive pill]], [[Comfrey]], [[Crizotinib]], [[Cyclobenzaprine]], [[Dantrolene]], [[Daptomycin]], [[Dasatinib]], [[Deferasirox]], [[Desipramine]], [[Diclofenac]], [[Disulfiram]], [[Docetaxel]], [[Donepezil]], [[Dothiepin]], [[Dronedarone]], [[Eltrombopag]], [[Emtricitabine]], [[Entecavir]], [[Ephedra]], [[Erlotinib]], [[Erythromycin estolate]], [[Ethanol]], [[Ethinylestradiol]], [[Ethionamide]], [[Etretinate]], [[Febuxostat]], [[Felbamate]], [[Fenofibrate]], [[Fingolimod]], [[Fluconazole]], [[Flucytosine]], [[Fluoxymesterone]], [[Flutamide]], [[Fluvastatin]], [[Fosamprenavir]], [[Frusemide]], [[Fusidic acid]], [[Ganciclovir]], [[Gemcitabine]], [[Gemtuzumab ozogamicin]], [[Gold salts]], [[Golimumab]], [[Halothane]], [[Imatinib mesylate]], [[Imipenem]], [[Interferon alpha]], [[Interferon beta]], [[Interleukin 2]], [[Ipilimumab]], [[Isoniazid]], [[Isotretinoin]], [[Kava root extract]], [[Ketoconazole]], [[Lapatinib ditosylate]], [[Leflunomide]], [[Lovastatin]], [[Maraviroc]], [[Meropenem]], [[Mesalazine]], [[Methotrexate]], [[Methyldopa]], [[Methyldopate]], [[Micafungin]], [[Minocycline]], [[Mirtazapine]], [[Mithramycin]], [[Naltrexone]], [[Nandrolone]], [[Natalizumab]], [[Nelfinavir]], [[Nevirapine]], [[Niacin]], [[Nicotinic acid]], [[Nimesulide]], [[Nitisinone]], [[Nitrofurantoin]], [[Norfloxacin]], [[Nortriptyline]], [[Ondansetron]], [[Oxyphenisatine]], [[Paclitaxel]], [[Para-amino salicylic acid]], [[Pazopanib]], [[Pegvisomant]], [[Pemoline]], [[Pentostatin]], [[Phenelzine]], [[Phenylbutazone]], [[Phenytoin]], [[Pralatrexate]], [[Pravastatin]], [[Procainamide]], [[Propylthiouracil]], [[Prothionamide]], [[Pyrazinamide]], [[Pyritinol]], [[Pyrrolizidine alkaloids]], [[Regorafenib]], [[Rifabutin]], [[Rifampicin]], [[Riluzole]], [[Ritonavir]], [[Rivaroxaban]], [[Rosuvastatin]], [[Saquinavir]], [[Simvastatin]], [[Sitaxentan]], [[Sorafenib]], [[Stanozolol]], [[Statins]], [[Succimer]], [[Suloctidil]], [[Sulphasalazine]], [[Sulphinpyrazone]], [[Tegafur]], [[Telithromycin]], [[Teriflunomide]], [[Thiabendazole]], [[Thioguanine]], [[Ticlopidine]], [[Tipranavir]], [[Tizanidine]], [[Tolbutamide]], [[Tolcapone]], [[Tolrestat]], [[Trabectedin]], [[Troglitazone]], [[Trovafloxacin]], [[Ursodeoxycholic acid]], [[Valganciclovir]], [[Valproic acid]], [[Velnacrine]], [[Verapamil]], [[Voriconazole]], [[Ximelagatran]], [[Zotepine]], [[Alcohol]], [[Carbimazole]], [[Phenothiazines]], [[Clofibrate]], [[Tetracyclines]]
 |-
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
@@ Line 118: / Line 135: @@
 |}
 ===Causes in Alphabetical Order===
+{{MultiCol}}
+*[[5-Azacytidine]]
+*[[Abacavir]]
+*[[Abiraterone]]
+*[[Acetaminophen]]
+*[[Agomelatine]]
+*[[Albendazole]]
+*[[Alcohol]]
+*[[Allopurinol]]
+*[[Altretamine]]
+*[[Amineptine]]
+*[[Amiodarone]]
+*[[Amitriptyline]]
+*[[Amoxicillin]]
+*[[Amphotericin B]]
+*[[Amprenavir]]
+*[[Anabolic steroids]]
+*[[Antituberculosis drugs]]
+*[[Apixaban]]
+*[[Arsenic trioxide]]
+*[[Asafetida]]
+*[[Asparaginase]]
+*[[Atorvastatin]]
+*[[Atovaquone]]
+*[[Azathioprine]]
+*[[Benoxaprofen]]
+*[[Bexarotene]]
+*[[Black cohosh extract]]
+*[[Bosentan]]
+*[[Bosutinib]]
+*[[Bromfenac]]
+*[[Bumetanide]]
+*[[Carbimazole]]
+*[[Carfilzomib]]
+*[[Cascara]]
+*[[Caspofungin]]
+*[[Chaparral]]
+*[[Chenodeoxycholic acid]]
+*[[Chlormezanone]]
+*[[Chlorzoxazone]]
+*[[Ciprofloxacin]]
+*[[Clofarabine]]
+*[[Clofibrate]]
+*[[Combined oral contraceptive pill]]
+*[[Comfrey]]
+*[[Crizotinib]]
+*[[Cyclobenzaprine]]
+*[[Dantrolene]]
+*[[Daptomycin]]
+*[[Dasatinib]]
+*[[Deferasirox]]
+*[[Desipramine]]
+*[[Diclofenac]]
+*[[Disulfiram]]
+*[[Docetaxel]]
+*[[Donepezil]]
+*[[Dothiepin]]
+*[[Dronedarone]]
+*[[Eltrombopag]]
+*[[Emtricitabine]]
+*[[Entecavir]]
+*[[Ephedra]]
+*[[Erlotinib]]
+*[[Erythromycin estolate]]
+*[[Ethanol]]
+*[[Ethinylestradiol]]
+*[[Ethionamide]]
+*[[Etretinate]]
+*[[Febuxostat]]
+*[[Felbamate]]
+*[[Fenofibrate]]
+*[[Fingolimod]]
+*[[Fluconazole]]
+*[[Flucytosine]]
+*[[Fluoxymesterone]]
+*[[Flutamide]]
+*[[Fluvastatin]]
+*[[Fosamprenavir]]
+*[[Frusemide]]
+*[[Fusidic acid]]
+*[[Ganciclovir]]
+*[[Gemcitabine]]
+*[[Gemtuzumab ozogamicin]]
+*[[Gold salts]]
+*[[Golimumab]]
+*[[Halothane]]
+*[[Imatinib mesylate]]
+*[[Imipenem]]
+*[[Interferon alpha]]
+*[[Interferon beta]]
+*[[Interleukin 2]]
+*[[Ipilimumab]]
+*[[Isoniazid]]
+{{ColBreak}}
+*[[Isotretinoin]]
+*[[Kava root extract]]
+*[[Ketoconazole]]
+*[[Lapatinib ditosylate]]
+*[[Leflunomide]]
+*[[Lovastatin]]
+*[[Maraviroc]]
+*[[Meropenem]]
+*[[Mesalazine]]
+*[[Methotrexate]]
+*[[Methyldopa]]
+*[[Methyldopate]]
+*[[Micafungin]]
+*[[Minocycline]]
+*[[Mirtazapine]]
+*[[Mithramycin]]
+*[[Naltrexone]]
+*[[Nandrolone]]
+*[[Natalizumab]]
+*[[Nelfinavir]]
+*[[Nevirapine]]
+*[[Niacin]]
+*[[Nicotinic acid]]
+*[[Nimesulide]]
+*[[Nitisinone]]
+*[[Nitrofurantoin]]
+*[[Norfloxacin]]
+*[[Nortriptyline]]
+*[[Ondansetron]]
+*[[Oxyphenisatine]]
+*[[Paclitaxel]]
+*[[Para-amino salicylic acid]]
+*[[Pazopanib]]
+*[[Pegvisomant]]
+*[[Pemoline]]
+*[[Pentostatin]]
+*[[Phenelzine]]
+*[[Phenothiazines]]
+*[[Phenylbutazone]]
+*[[Phenytoin]]
+*[[Pralatrexate]]
+*[[Pravastatin]]
+*[[Procainamide]]
+*[[Propylthiouracil]]
+*[[Prothionamide]]
+*[[Pyrazinamide]]
+*[[Pyritinol]]
+*[[Pyrrolizidine alkaloids]]
+*[[Regorafenib]]
+*[[Rifabutin]]
+*[[Rifampicin]]
+*[[Riluzole]]
+*[[Ritonavir]]
+*[[Rivaroxaban]]
+*[[Rosuvastatin]]
+*[[Saquinavir]]
+*[[Simvastatin]]
+*[[Sitaxentan]]
+*[[Sorafenib]]
+*[[Stanozolol]]
+*[[Statins]]
+*[[Succimer]]
+*[[Suloctidil]]
+*[[Sulphasalazine]]
+*[[Sulphinpyrazone]]
+*[[Tegafur]]
+*[[Telithromycin]]
+*[[Teriflunomide]]
+*[[Tetracyclines]]
+*[[Thiabendazole]]
+*[[Thioguanine]]
+*[[Ticlopidine]]
+*[[Tipranavir]]
+*[[Tizanidine]]
+*[[Tolbutamide]]
+*[[Tolcapone]]
+*[[Tolrestat]]
+*[[Trabectedin]]
+*[[Troglitazone]]
+*[[Trovafloxacin]]
+*[[Ursodeoxycholic acid]]
+*[[Valganciclovir]]
+*[[Valproic acid]]
+*[[Velnacrine]]
+*[[Verapamil]]
+*[[Voriconazole]]
+*[[Ximelagatran]]
+*[[Zotepine]]
+{{EndMultiCol}}
 ==References==
 {{Reflist|2}}
-[[Category:Needs content]]
-[[Category:Disease]]
-[[Category:Hepatology]]
-[[Category:Gastroenterology]]
-[[Category:Needs causes]]