Aboulia: Difference between revisions

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Latest revision as of 15:25, 29 May 2015

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [2]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ogheneochuko Ajari, MB.BS, MS [3]

Overview

Aboulia or Abulia (from the Greek "αβουλία", meaning "non-will"), in neurology, refers to a lack of will or initiative. The patient is unable to act or make decisions independently. It may range in severity from subtle to overwhelming.

Pathophysiology

Abulia may result from a variety of brain injuries which cause personality change, such as dementing illnesses, trauma, or intracerebral hemorrhage (stroke), especially stroke causing diffuse injury to the right hemisphere. Abulia has also been associated with amphetamine withdrawal.^[1]It may complicate rehabilitation when a stroke patient is uninterested in performing tasks like walking despite being capable of doing so. It should be differentiated from apraxia, when a brain injured patient has impairment in comprehending the movements necessary to perform a motor task despite not having any paralysis that prevents performing the task; that condition can also result in lack of initiation of activity.

Especially in patients with progressive dementia, it may affect feeding. Patients may continue to chew or hold food in their mouths for hours without swallowing it. The behavior may be most evident after these patients have eaten part of their meals and no longer have strong appetites. Caregivers can use sweet or salty flavored foods later in meals to provide interest and increase oral intake, but must always clear the mouth of food after each meal.

Causes

Common Causes

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular	Huntington's disease, amphetamine withdrawal, Parkinson's disease, traumatic brain injury
Chemical / poisoning	No underlying causes
Dermatologic	No underlying causes
Drug Side Effect	Amphetamine withdrawal
Ear Nose Throat	traumatic brain injury
Endocrine	Huntington's disease
Environmental	No underlying causes
Gastroenterologic	Hydrocephalus, intracerebral hemorrhage, traumatic brain injury, multiple sclerosis, progressive supranuclear palsy, Parkinson's disease
Genetic	Huntington's disease
Hematologic	No underlying causes
Iatrogenic	No underlying causes
Infectious Disease	No underlying causes
Musculoskeletal / Ortho	Traumatic brain injury, multiple sclerosis, Huntington's disease, Parkinson's disease, progressive supranuclear palsy, intracerebral hemorrhage
Neurologic	Acute caudate vascular lesions, alzheimer's disease, amphetamine withdrawal, anterior cingulate circuit damage, capsular genu, infarction, CNS lupus, damage to the basal ganglia, dementia, huntington's disease, hydrocephalus, intracerebral hemorrhage, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, progressive supranuclear palsy, Traumatic brain injury
Nutritional / Metabolic	Huntington's disease
Oncologic	No underlying causes
Opthalmologic	Multiple sclerosis, hydrocephalus, intracerebral hemorrhage, traumatic brain injury, Parkinson's disease, progressive supranuclear palsy
Overdose / Toxicity	No underlying causes
Psychiatric	Depression, schizophrenia, Alzheimer's disease, dementia, Huntington's disease, Parkinson's disease, progressive supranuclear palsy, amphetamine withdrawal, hydrocephalus, traumatic brain injury
Pulmonary	Multiple sclerosis, Huntington's disease, traumatic brain injury
Renal / Electrolyte	No underlying causes
Rheum / Immune / Allergy	Multiple sclerosis
Trauma	No underlying causes
Urologic	Hydrocephalus, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, progressive supranuclear palsy
Miscellaneous	No underlying causes

Causes in Alphabetical Order

Acute caudate vascular lesions
Alzheimer's disease
Amphetamine withdrawal
Anterior cingulate circuit damage
Capsular genu infarction
CNS lupus
Damage to the basal ganglia
Dementia
Depression
Huntington's disease
Hydrocephalus
Intracerebral hemorrhage
Multiple sclerosis
Parkinson's disease
Progressive supranuclear palsy
Schizophrenia
Traumatic brain injury

References

↑ [1]

Template:Lesions of spinal cord and brain

Template:WH Template:WS

bs:Abulija cs:Abulie de:Abulie it:Abulia lt:Abulija nl:Aboulie sr:Абулија

[1] [1]

[1]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 __NOTOC__
 {{SI}}
-{{CMG}}
+{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{Ochuko}}
 ==Overview==
@@ Line 16: / Line 16: @@
 *[[Dementia]]
 *[[Intracerebral hemorrhage]]
-*Traumatic [[Brain injury]]
+*Traumatic [[brain injury]]
 ===Causes by Organ System===
 {|style="width:60%; height:100px" border="1"
 |style="height:100px"; style="width:25%" border="1" bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | '''Cardiovascular'''
-|style="height:100px"; style="width:75%" border="1" bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
+|style="height:100px"; style="width:75%" border="1" bgcolor="Beige" | [[Huntington's disease]], [[amphetamine]] withdrawal, [[Parkinson's disease]], traumatic [[brain injury]]
 |-
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
@@ Line 33: / Line 33: @@
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Drug Side Effect'''
-|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
+|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Amphetamine]] withdrawal
 |-
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Ear Nose Throat'''
-|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
+|bgcolor="Beige"| traumatic [[brain injury]]
 |-
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Endocrine'''
-|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
+|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Huntington's disease]]
 |-
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
@@ Line 49: / Line 49: @@
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Gastroenterologic'''
-|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
+|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Hydrocephalus]], [[intracerebral hemorrhage]], traumatic [[brain injury]], [[multiple sclerosis]], [[progressive supranuclear palsy]], [[Parkinson's disease]]
 |-
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Genetic'''
-|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
+|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Huntington's disease]]
 |-
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
@@ Line 69: / Line 70: @@
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Musculoskeletal / Ortho'''
-|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
+|bgcolor="Beige"| Traumatic [[brain injury]], [[multiple sclerosis]], [[Huntington's disease]], [[Parkinson's disease]], [[progressive supranuclear palsy]], [[intracerebral hemorrhage]]
 |-
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Neurologic'''
-|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
+|bgcolor="Beige"| Acute caudate vascular lesions, [[alzheimer's disease]], [[amphetamine]] withdrawal, anterior cingulate circuit damage, capsular genu, infarction, CNS [[lupus]], damage to the [[basal ganglia]], [[dementia]], [[huntington's disease]], [[hydrocephalus]], [[intracerebral hemorrhage]], [[multiple sclerosis]], [[Parkinson's disease]], [[progressive supranuclear palsy]], Traumatic [[brain injury]]
 |-
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Nutritional / Metabolic'''
-|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
+|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Huntington's disease]]
 |-
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
@@ Line 85: / Line 86: @@
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Opthalmologic'''
-|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
+|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Multiple sclerosis]], [[hydrocephalus]], [[intracerebral hemorrhage]], traumatic [[brain injury]], [[Parkinson's disease]], [[progressive supranuclear palsy]]
 |-
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
@@ Line 93: / Line 94: @@
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Psychiatric'''
-|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
+|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Depression]], [[schizophrenia]], [[Alzheimer's disease]], [[dementia]], [[Huntington's disease]], [[Parkinson's disease]], [[progressive supranuclear palsy]], [[amphetamine]] withdrawal, [[hydrocephalus]], traumatic [[brain injury]]
 |-
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Pulmonary'''
-|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
+|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Multiple sclerosis]], [[Huntington's disease]], traumatic [[brain injury]]
 |-
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
@@ Line 105: / Line 106: @@
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Rheum / Immune / Allergy'''
-|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
+|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Multiple sclerosis]]
 |-
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Trauma'''
 |bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
+|-
+|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
+| '''Urologic'''
+|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Hydrocephalus]], [[multiple sclerosis]], [[Parkinson's disease]], [[progressive supranuclear palsy]]
 |-
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
@@ Line 116: / Line 121: @@
 |-
 |}
 ===Causes in Alphabetical Order===
+*Acute caudate vascular lesions
+*[[Alzheimer's disease]]
+*[[Amphetamine]] withdrawal
+*Anterior cingulate circuit damage
+*Capsular genu infarction
+*CNS [[lupus]]
+*Damage to the [[basal ganglia]]
+*[[Dementia]]
+*[[Depression]]
+*[[Huntington's disease]]
+*[[Hydrocephalus]]
+*[[Intracerebral hemorrhage]]
+*[[Multiple sclerosis]]
+*[[Parkinson's disease]]
+*[[Progressive supranuclear palsy]]
+*[[Schizophrenia]]
+*Traumatic [[brain injury]]
 ==References==
@@ Line 126: / Line 147: @@
 [[Category:Neurological disorders]]
-[[Category:Symptoms]]
 [[Category:Ddx]]
-[[Category:Signs and symptoms]]
 {{WH}}