Anosmia causes: Difference between revisions
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A temporary loss of smell can be caused by a stuffy [[nose]] or infection. In contrast, a permanent loss of smell may be caused by death of [[olfactory receptor neuron]]s in the nose, or by [[brain injury]] in which there is damage to the [[olfactory nerve]] or damage to brain areas that process smell (see [[olfactory system]]). The lack of the sense of smell at birth, usually due to genetic factors, is referred as ''congenital anosmia.'' Anosmia may very occasionally be an early sign of degenerative brain diseases such as [[Parkinson's disease]] and [[Alzheimer's disease]]. | A temporary loss of smell can be caused by a stuffy [[nose]] or infection. In contrast, a permanent loss of smell may be caused by death of [[olfactory receptor neuron]]s in the nose, or by [[brain injury]] in which there is damage to the [[olfactory nerve]] or damage to brain areas that process smell (see [[olfactory system]]). The lack of the sense of smell at birth, usually due to genetic factors, is referred as ''congenital anosmia.'' Anosmia may very occasionally be an early sign of degenerative brain diseases such as [[Parkinson's disease]] and [[Alzheimer's disease]]. | ||
==Common Causes== | ==Causes== | ||
<div style="-webkit-user-select: none;"> | |||
===Common Causes=== | |||
*[[Allergies]] | *[[Allergies]] | ||
*[[Common cold]] | *[[Common cold]] | ||
*[[Infection]] | *[[Infection]] | ||
*[[Nasal polyp]] | *[[Nasal polyp]] | ||
*[[Old age]] | *[[Old age]] | ||
*[[Sinusitis]] | *[[Sinusitis]] | ||
*Stuffy nose | *Stuffy nose | ||
*[[Trauma]] | *[[Trauma]] | ||
==Causes by Organ System== | ===Causes by Organ System=== | ||
{|style="width:80%; height:100px" border="1" | {|style="width:80%; height:100px" border="1" | ||
|style="height:100px"; style="width:25%" border="1" bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | '''Cardiovascular''' | |style="height:100px"; style="width:25%" border="1" bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | '''Cardiovascular''' | ||
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|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | ||
| '''Musculoskeletal / Ortho''' | | '''Musculoskeletal / Ortho''' | ||
|bgcolor="Beige"| | |bgcolor="Beige"|Paget's disease with facial, maxillomandibular involvement | ||
|- | |- | ||
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | ||
| '''Neurologic''' | | '''Neurologic''' | ||
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[ Alzheimer's disease]], [[Brain injury]], Degenerative brain diseases, [[Dementia with Lewy bodies]], [[Esthesioneuroblastoma]], Ethmoid bone injuries, [[Holoprosencephaly]], [[Parkinson's disease]], [[Primary amoebic meningoencephalitis]],Huntington's chorea, Shy-Drager syndrome | |bgcolor="Beige"| [[ Alzheimer's disease]], [[Brain injury]], Degenerative brain diseases, [[Dementia with Lewy bodies]], [[Esthesioneuroblastoma]], Ethmoid bone injuries, [[Holoprosencephaly]], [[Parkinson's disease]], [[Primary amoebic meningoencephalitis]], Huntington's chorea, Shy-Drager syndrome, Temporal lobectomy, Olfactory neuroblastoma and meningioma | ||
|- | |- | ||
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | ||
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|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | ||
| '''Pulmonary''' | | '''Pulmonary''' | ||
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Cystic fibrosis]], [[Samter's triad]] | |bgcolor="Beige"| [[Cystic fibrosis]], [[Samter's triad]], Influenza | ||
|- | |- | ||
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | ||
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|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | ||
| '''Rheum / Immune / Allergy''' | | '''Rheum / Immune / Allergy''' | ||
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Allergies]], [[Samter's triad]] | |bgcolor="Beige"| [[Allergies]], [[Samter's triad]], [[Sjögren's syndrome]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | ||
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|} | |} | ||
==Causes in Alphabetical Order== | ===Causes in Alphabetical Order=== | ||
{{columns-list| | |||
*[[ Alzheimer's disease]] | *[[ Alzheimer's disease]] | ||
*Acrylates | *Acrylates | ||
*[[Allergies]] | *[[Allergies]] | ||
*Anosmin-1 absence | *Anosmin-1 absence | ||
*Anosmin-1 damage | *Anosmin-1 damage | ||
*[[Bardet-Biedl syndrome]] | *[[Bardet-Biedl syndrome]] | ||
*[[Brain injury]] | *[[Brain injury]] | ||
*[[Cadmium poisoning]] | *[[Cadmium poisoning]] | ||
*[[Common cold]] | *[[Common cold]] | ||
*[[Cystic Fibrosis]] | *[[Cystic Fibrosis]] | ||
*Degenerative brain diseases | *Degenerative brain diseases | ||
*[[Dementia with Lewy bodies]] | *[[Dementia with Lewy bodies]] | ||
*[[Esthesioneuroblastoma]] | *[[Esthesioneuroblastoma]] | ||
*Ethmoid bone injuries | *Ethmoid bone injuries | ||
*Genetic factors | *Genetic factors | ||
*[[Head trauma]] | *[[Head trauma]] | ||
*[[Holoprosencephaly]] | *[[Holoprosencephaly]] | ||
*[[Infection]] | *[[Infection]] | ||
*[[Intersexuality]] | *[[Intersexuality]] | ||
*KAL1 gene deletion | *KAL1 gene deletion | ||
*[[Kallmann syndrome]] | *[[Kallmann syndrome]] | ||
*[[Male pseudohermaphroditism]] | *[[Male pseudohermaphroditism]] | ||
*Methacrylates | *Methacrylates | ||
*[[Nasal polyp]] | *[[Nasal polyp]] | ||
*[[Nasal spray]] | *[[Nasal spray]] | ||
*[[Old age]] | *[[Old age]] | ||
*[[Parkinson's disease]] | *[[Parkinson's disease]] | ||
*Permanent tracheostomy | *Permanent tracheostomy | ||
*[[Primary amoebic meningoencephalitis]] | *[[Primary amoebic meningoencephalitis]] | ||
*[[Samter's triad]] | *[[Samter's triad]] | ||
*[[Sinusitis]] | *[[Sinusitis]] | ||
*[[Smoking]] | *[[Smoking]] | ||
*Stuffy nose | *Stuffy nose | ||
*Swollen turbinate | *Swollen turbinate | ||
*[[Toxins]] | *[[Toxins]] | ||
*[[Trauma]] | *[[Trauma]] | ||
*[[Upper respiratory tract infection]] | *[[Upper respiratory tract infection]] | ||
*[[Zinc deficiency]] | *[[Zinc deficiency]] | ||
*[[Zinc gluconate]] | *[[Zinc gluconate]] | ||
}} | |||
</div> | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{reflist|2}} | {{reflist|2}} | ||
{{WH}} | |||
{{WS}} | |||
[[Category:Otolaryngology]] | [[Category:Otolaryngology]] | ||
Latest revision as of 20:24, 29 July 2020
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Anosmia Microchapters |
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Anosmia causes On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Anosmia causes |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Hilda Mahmoudi M.D., M.P.H.[2]
Overview
A temporary loss of smell can be caused by a stuffy nose or infection. In contrast, a permanent loss of smell may be caused by death of olfactory receptor neurons in the nose, or by brain injury in which there is damage to the olfactory nerve or damage to brain areas that process smell (see olfactory system). The lack of the sense of smell at birth, usually due to genetic factors, is referred as congenital anosmia. Anosmia may very occasionally be an early sign of degenerative brain diseases such as Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease.
Causes
Common Causes
- Allergies
- Common cold
- Infection
- Nasal polyp
- Old age
- Sinusitis
- Stuffy nose
- Trauma
Causes by Organ System
| Cardiovascular | No underlying causes |
| Chemical / poisoning | Acrylates, Cadmium poisoning, Methacrylates |
| Dermatologic | No underlying causes |
| Drug Side Effect | No underlying causes |
| Ear Nose Throat | Common cold, Ethmoid bone injuries, Nasal polyp, Samter's triad, Sinusitis, Stuffy nose, Swollen turbinate, Upper respiratory tract infection, Allergic and viral rhinitis |
| Endocrine | Kallmann syndrome, Diabetes mellitus |
| Environmental | Nasal spray, Smoking, Zinc deficiency |
| Gastroenterologic | Cystic fibrosis |
| Genetic | Anosmin-1 absence, Anosmin-1 damage, Bardet-Biedl syndrome, Cystic Fibrosis, Genetic factors, Intersexuality, KAL1 gene deletion, KAL1 gene mutation, Kallmann syndrome, Male pseudohermaphroditism, Down's syndrome |
| Hematologic | No underlying causes |
| Iatrogenic | Permanent tracheostomy, Nasal spray |
| Infectious Disease | Infection, Primary amoebic meningoencephalitis, Sinusitis, Upper respiratory tract infection, Herpes virus infection, Human immunodeficiency virus infection |
| Musculoskeletal / Ortho | Paget's disease with facial, maxillomandibular involvement |
| Neurologic | Alzheimer's disease, Brain injury, Degenerative brain diseases, Dementia with Lewy bodies, Esthesioneuroblastoma, Ethmoid bone injuries, Holoprosencephaly, Parkinson's disease, Primary amoebic meningoencephalitis, Huntington's chorea, Shy-Drager syndrome, Temporal lobectomy, Olfactory neuroblastoma and meningioma |
| Nutritional / Metabolic | No underlying causes |
| Obstetric/Gynecologic | No underlying causes |
| Oncologic | No underlying causes |
| Opthalmologic | No underlying causes |
| Overdose / Toxicity | Toxins, Zinc gluconate |
| Psychiatric | Korsakoff's psychosis, Schizophrenia |
| Pulmonary | Cystic fibrosis, Samter's triad, Influenza |
| Renal / Electrolyte | Hemodialysis |
| Rheum / Immune / Allergy | Allergies, Samter's triad, Sjögren's syndrome |
| Sexual | No underlying causes |
| Trauma | Ethmoid bone injuries, Head trauma, Trauma |
| Urologic | No underlying causes |
| Dental | No underlying causes |
| Miscellaneous | Old age |
Causes in Alphabetical Order
- Alzheimer's disease
- Acrylates
- Allergies
- Anosmin-1 absence
- Anosmin-1 damage
- Bardet-Biedl syndrome
- Brain injury
- Cadmium poisoning
- Common cold
- Cystic Fibrosis
- Degenerative brain diseases
- Dementia with Lewy bodies
- Esthesioneuroblastoma
- Ethmoid bone injuries
- Genetic factors
- Head trauma
- Holoprosencephaly
- Infection
- Intersexuality
- KAL1 gene deletion
- Kallmann syndrome
- Male pseudohermaphroditism
- Methacrylates
- Nasal polyp
- Nasal spray
- Old age
- Parkinson's disease
- Permanent tracheostomy
- Primary amoebic meningoencephalitis
- Samter's triad
- Sinusitis
- Smoking
- Stuffy nose
- Swollen turbinate
- Toxins
- Trauma
- Upper respiratory tract infection
- Zinc deficiency
- Zinc gluconate