Sinus tachycardia causes: Difference between revisions

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==Overview==
==Overview==
Sinus tachycardia can result from various causes which include: [[cardiovascular]] (e.g. [[heart failure]], [[myocardial infarction]], [[cardiac tamponade]]); side effect of [[medications]] (e.g. [[aminophylline]], [[atropine]]); [[infectious]] (e.g. [[sepsis]]); [[metabolic]] (e.g. [[dehydration]], [[hypoglycemia]]), and many other conditions.  It can also be as a result of some acute, life threatening conditions such as [[alcohol]] and [[cocaine]] overdose, [[pulmonary embolism]], [[anemia]], [[shock]], e.t.c
==Causes==


===Life Threatening Causes===
===Life Threatening Causes===
Life-threatening causes include conditions which may result in death or permanent disability within 24 hours if left untreated.
Life-threatening causes include conditions which may result in death or permanent disability within 24 hours if left untreated.
{{col-begin|width=80%}}
{{col-break|width=33%}}
*[[Air embolism]]
*[[Alcoholism|Alcohol overdose]]
*[[Alcohol withdrawal]]
*[[Anemia]]
*[[Cardiac tamponade]]
*[[Cocaine|Cocaine overdose]]
*[[Cyanide poisoning]]
*[[Dehydration]]
*[[Drowning]]
*[[Electric shock]]
*[[Fat embolism]]
*[[Heart failure]]
{{col-break|width=33%}}
*[[Hypoglycemia]]
*[[Hypotension]]
*[[Hypoxia]]
*[[Malignant hyperthermia]]
*[[Myocardial infarction]]
*[[Pulmonary embolism]]
*[[Salicylate poisoning]]
*[[Sepsis]]
*[[Shock]]
*[[Tension pneumothorax]]
*[[Tricyclic antidepressant overdose]]
{{col-end}}


===Common Causes===
===Common Causes===
{{col-begin|width=80%}}
{{col-break|width=33%}}
*[[Alcoholism|Alcohol overdose]]
*[[Alcohol withdrawal]]
*[[Anemia]]
*[[Anxiety]]
*[[Caffeine]]
*[[Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease]]
*[[Cocaine|Cocaine overdose]]
*[[Dehydration]]
*[[Fever]]
*[[Heart failure]]
*[[Hyperthyroidism]]
{{col-break|width=33%}}
*[[Hypoglycemia]]
*[[Hypotension]]
*[[Hypoxia]]
*[[Myocardial infarction]]
*[[Myocarditis]]
*[[Nicotine]]
*[[Pain]]
*[[Pregnancy]]
*[[Salbutamol]]
*[[Sepsis]]
*[[Tricyclic antidepressant overdose]]
{{col-end}}


===Causes by Organ System===
===Causes by Organ System===
{|style="width:80%; height:100px" border="1"
{|style="width:80%; height:100px" border="1"
|style="height:100px"; style="width:25%" border="1" bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" |'''Cardiovascular'''
|style="height:100px"; style="width:25%" border="1" bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" |'''Cardiovascular'''
|style="height:100px"; style="width:75%" border="1" bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|style="height:100px"; style="width:75%" border="1" bgcolor="Beige" | [[Arteriovenous fistula]], [[cardiac tamponade]], [[heart failure]], [[hypertrophic cardiomyopathy]], [[hypotension]], [[myocardial infarction]], [[myocarditis]], [[shock]], [[Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome]]
|-
|-
|bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"| '''Chemical/Poisoning'''
|bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"| '''Chemical/Poisoning'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Cyanide]], [[mercury poisoning]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Drug Side Effect'''
| '''Drug Side Effect'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Alprazolam]], [[aminophylline]], [[amphetamines]], [[amrinone]], [[atomoxetine]], [[atropine]], [[caffeine]], [[cocaine]], [[diazoxide]], [[Cyanide poisoning#Treatment of poisoning and antidotes|dicobalt edetate]], [[dobutamine]], [[docetaxel]], [[dopexamine]], [[doxapram]], [[doxorubicin]], [[ephedrine]], [[epirubicin]], [[fentanyl]], [[fluvoxamine]], [[hexamethonium]], [[hydralazine]], [[ibutilide]], [[isoprenaline]], [[methylphenidate]], [[methysergide]], [[minoxidil]], [[nelarabine]], [[nicotine]], [[palonosetron]], [[paroxetine]], [[pramipexole]], [[ritodrine]], [[salbutamol]], [[salmeterol]], [[sibutramine]], [[trimethaphan]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Endocrine'''
| '''Endocrine'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Diabetic neuropathy|Diabetic autonomic neuropathy]], [[hyperthyroidism]], [[pheochromocytoma]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Environmental'''
| '''Environmental'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Electric shock]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Genetic'''
| '''Genetic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Malignant hyperthermia]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Hematologic'''
| '''Hematologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Anemia]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Infectious Disease'''
| '''Infectious Disease'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[The heart in Chagas' disease|Chagas heart disease]], [[Guillain-Barré syndrome]], [[sepsis]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Neurologic'''
| '''Neurologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Diabetic neuropathy|Diabetic autonomic neuropathy]], [[Guillain-Barré syndrome]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Nutritional/Metabolic'''
| '''Nutritional/Metabolic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Dehydration]], [[hypoglycemia]], [[malignant hyperthermia]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Obstetric/Gynecologic'''
| '''Obstetric/Gynecologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Peripartum cardiomyopathy]], [[pregnancy]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Oncologic'''
| '''Oncologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Pheochromocytoma]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Overdose/Toxicity'''
| '''Overdose/Toxicity'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Atropine]], [[Carbamazepine#Adverse effects|carbamazepine poisoning]], [[cocaine]], [[hypervitaminosis D]], [[salicylate poisoning]], [[tricyclic antidepressant overdose]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Psychiatric'''
| '''Psychiatric'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Anxiety]], [[bulimia nervosa]], [[panic disorder]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Pulmonary'''
| '''Pulmonary'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Air embolism]], [[chronic obstructive pulmonary disease]], [[fat embolism]], [[pulmonary embolism]], [[tension pneumothorax]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy'''
| '''Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Kawasaki disease]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Trauma'''
| '''Trauma'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Commotio cordis|cardiac injury from blunt trauma]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Miscellaneous'''
| '''Miscellaneous'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Alcohol withdrawal]], [[drowning]], [[fever]], [[hypoxia]], [[pain]]
|-
|-
|}
|}
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*[[Cyanide]]
*[[Cyanide]]
*[[Dehydration]]
*[[Dehydration]]
*[[Diabetic autonomic neuropathy]]
*[[Diabetic neuropathy|Diabetic autonomic neuropathy]]
*[[Diazoxide]]
*[[Diazoxide]]
*[[Dicobalt edetate]]
*[[Cyanide poisoning#Treatment of poisoning and antidotes|Dicobalt edetate]]
*[[Dobutamine]]
*[[Dobutamine]]
*[[Docetaxel]]
*[[Docetaxel]]
{{col-break|width=33%}}
*[[Dopexamine]]
*[[Dopexamine]]
{{col-break|width=33%}}
*[[Doxapram]]
*[[Doxapram]]
*[[Doxorubicin]]
*[[Doxorubicin]]
*[[Drowning]]
*[[Drowning]]
*[[Electric shock]]
*[[Electric shock]]
*[[Enhanced cardiac automaticity]]
*[[Ephedrine]]
*[[Ephedrine]]
*[[Epirubicin]]
*[[Epirubicin]]
Line 167: Line 222:
*[[Fever]]
*[[Fever]]
*[[Fluvoxamine]]
*[[Fluvoxamine]]
*[[Guillain-barré syndrome]]
*[[Guillain-Barré syndrome]]
*[[Heart failure]]
*[[Heart failure]]
*[[Hexamethonium]]
*[[Hexamethonium]]
Line 173: Line 228:
*[[Hyperthyroidism]]
*[[Hyperthyroidism]]
*[[Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy]]
*[[Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy]]
*[[Hypervitaminosis D]]
*[[Hypoglycemia]]
*[[Hypoglycemia]]
*[[Hypotension]]
*[[Hypotension]]
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*[[Mercury poisoning]]
*[[Mercury poisoning]]
*[[Methylphenidate]]
*[[Methylphenidate]]
{{col-break|width=33%}}
*[[Methysergide]]
*[[Methysergide]]
*[[Minoxidil]]
*[[Minoxidil]]
{{col-break|width=33%}}
*[[Mirabegron]]
*[[Myocardial infarction]]
*[[Myocardial infarction]]
*[[Myocarditis]]
*[[Myocarditis]]
Line 210: Line 265:
*[[Tricyclic antidepressant overdose]]
*[[Tricyclic antidepressant overdose]]
*[[Trimethaphan]]
*[[Trimethaphan]]
*[[Vitamin d2 (ergocalciferol)]]
*[[Vitamin d3 (cholecalciferol)]]
*[[Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome]]
*[[Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome]]
{{col-end}}
{{col-end}}
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[[Category:Crowdiagnosis]]
[[Category:Crowdiagnosis]]
[[Category:Cardiology]]
[[Category:Up-To-Date]]
[[Category:Up-To-Date cardiology]]
[[Category:Arrhythmia]]
[[Category:Electrophysiology]]
[[Category:Electrophysiology]]
[[Category:Cardiology]]
[[Category:Disease]]


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Latest revision as of 17:17, 11 November 2014

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ayokunle Olubaniyi, M.B,B.S [2]

Overview

Sinus tachycardia can result from various causes which include: cardiovascular (e.g. heart failure, myocardial infarction, cardiac tamponade); side effect of medications (e.g. aminophylline, atropine); infectious (e.g. sepsis); metabolic (e.g. dehydration, hypoglycemia), and many other conditions. It can also be as a result of some acute, life threatening conditions such as alcohol and cocaine overdose, pulmonary embolism, anemia, shock, e.t.c

Causes

Life Threatening Causes

Life-threatening causes include conditions which may result in death or permanent disability within 24 hours if left untreated.

Common Causes

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular Arteriovenous fistula, cardiac tamponade, heart failure, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, hypotension, myocardial infarction, myocarditis, shock, Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome
Chemical/Poisoning Cyanide, mercury poisoning
Dental No underlying causes
Dermatologic No underlying causes
Drug Side Effect Alprazolam, aminophylline, amphetamines, amrinone, atomoxetine, atropine, caffeine, cocaine, diazoxide, dicobalt edetate, dobutamine, docetaxel, dopexamine, doxapram, doxorubicin, ephedrine, epirubicin, fentanyl, fluvoxamine, hexamethonium, hydralazine, ibutilide, isoprenaline, methylphenidate, methysergide, minoxidil, nelarabine, nicotine, palonosetron, paroxetine, pramipexole, ritodrine, salbutamol, salmeterol, sibutramine, trimethaphan
Ear Nose Throat No underlying causes
Endocrine Diabetic autonomic neuropathy, hyperthyroidism, pheochromocytoma
Environmental Electric shock
Gastroenterologic No underlying causes
Genetic Malignant hyperthermia
Hematologic Anemia
Iatrogenic No underlying causes
Infectious Disease Chagas heart disease, Guillain-Barré syndrome, sepsis
Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic No underlying causes
Neurologic Diabetic autonomic neuropathy, Guillain-Barré syndrome
Nutritional/Metabolic Dehydration, hypoglycemia, malignant hyperthermia
Obstetric/Gynecologic Peripartum cardiomyopathy, pregnancy
Oncologic Pheochromocytoma
Ophthalmologic No underlying causes
Overdose/Toxicity Atropine, carbamazepine poisoning, cocaine, hypervitaminosis D, salicylate poisoning, tricyclic antidepressant overdose
Psychiatric Anxiety, bulimia nervosa, panic disorder
Pulmonary Air embolism, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, fat embolism, pulmonary embolism, tension pneumothorax
Renal/Electrolyte No underlying causes
Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy Kawasaki disease
Sexual No underlying causes
Trauma cardiac injury from blunt trauma
Urologic No underlying causes
Miscellaneous Alcohol withdrawal, drowning, fever, hypoxia, pain

Causes in Alphabetical Order

References


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