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| __NOTOC__
| | #Redirect [[Coronary collaterals]] |
| {{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{Hilda}}
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| ==Overview==
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| Coronary collateral arteries bypass the blockage in the main artery and supply enough oxygenated blood to enable the cardiac tissue to survive and recover.
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| ==Collateral Circulation Grading==
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| Angiographic assessment of apparent collaterals is useful to quantify the angiogenic response to interventions designed to enhance myocardial perfusion and function in ischemic myocardium.<ref>Fuchs S. Lack of correlation between angiographic grading of collateral and myocardial perfusion and function. Coron Ar Disease 2001; 12: 173-78.</ref> <ref>Abbott JD, Choi EJ, Selzer F, Srinivas VS, Williams DO Impact of Coronary Collaterals on Outcome Following PCI [from the NHLBI Dynamic Registry]. Am J Cardiol. 2005; 96: 676–680.</ref> <ref>Koerselman J, van der Graaf Y, de Jaegere PP, Grobbee DE. Coronary Collaterals an Important and Underexposed Aspect of Coronary Artery Disease. Circulation. 2003; 107: 2507-2511.</ref>. Collateral Circulation is assessed visually using the following grading system:
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| * '''Grade 0:''' No collaterals present. Angiography fails to reveal evidence of collateral vessels.
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| * '''Grade 1 (or partial):''' Minimal collaterals present. Evidence of minimal to partial filling of the recipient branch epicardial arteries/infarct region. It is not necessary for one to see the branches connect directly to the major epicardial artery.
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| * '''Grade 2 (or complete):''' Well-developed collaterals. Evidence of collateral circulation with near complete to complete filling of the recipient major epicardial artery/infarct region.
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| * '''Grade 3 (myocardial):''' Filling of the myocardium by collaterals. If the collaterals are not filling any visible arterial branch, but are only participating in the perfusion of the myocardium.
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| ==Angiography Examples==
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| Click '''[[Coronary angiography collateral artery|here]]''' for coronary angiography examples of collateral arteries.
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| ==References==
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| {{Reflist|2}}
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| {{Coronary Angiography}}
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| [[Category:Cardiology]]
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| [[Category:Angiopedia]]
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