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__NOTOC__
{{Drugbox
{{Dehydroemetine}}
| Verifiedfields = changed
| Watchedfields = changed
| verifiedrevid = 405800522
| IUPAC_name = (11b''S'')-2-<nowiki>[[</nowiki>(1''R'')-6,7-Dimethoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolin-1-yl]methyl]-3-ethyl-9,10-dimethoxy-4,6,7,11b-tetrahydro-1''H''-pyrido[2,1-a]isoquinoline
| image = dehydroemetine.png


{{CMG}}
<!--Clinical data-->
| tradename = 
| Drugs.com = {{drugs.com|international|dehydroemetine}}
| pregnancy_AU = <!-- A / B1 / B2 / B3 / C / D / X -->
| pregnancy_US = <!-- A / B            / C / D / X -->
| pregnancy_category = 
| legal_AU = <!-- S2, S3, S4, S5, S6, S7, S8, S9 or Unscheduled-->
| legal_CA = <!-- Schedule I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII -->
| legal_UK = <!-- GSL, P, POM, CD, or Class A, B, C -->
| legal_US = <!-- OTC / Rx-only / Schedule I, II, III, IV, V -->
| legal_status = 
| routes_of_administration = 


==Overview==
<!--Pharmacokinetic data-->
Dehydroemetine is a synthetically produced [[antiprotozoal agent]] similar to [[emetine]] in its anti-amoebic properties and structure (they differ only in a double bond next to the ethyl substituent), but it produces fewer side effects. In the United States, it is manufactured by [[Hoffmann–La Roche|Roche]].
| bioavailability =
| protein_bound =
| metabolism =
| elimination_half-life =
| excretion = 


==Category==
<!--Identifiers-->
Amebicide
| CAS_number_Ref = {{cascite|correct|??}}
| CAS_number = 4914-30-1
| ATC_prefix = P01
| ATC_suffix = AX09
| PubChem = 21022
| DrugBank_Ref = {{drugbankcite|correct|drugbank}}
| DrugBank = 
| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|changed|FDA}}
| UNII = 7S79QT1T91
| KEGG_Ref = {{keggcite|correct|kegg}}
| KEGG = D00828
| ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|changed|EBI}}
| ChEMBL = 547470
|  ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|changed|chemspider}}
| ChemSpiderID = 19773
|  smiles = O(c1cc2c(cc1OC)[C@H](NCC2)CC\5=C(/CC)CN4[C@H](c3c(cc(OC)c(OC)c3)CC4)C/5)C
|  InChI = 1/C29H38N2O4/c1-6-18-17-31-10-8-20-14-27(33-3)29(35-5)16-23(20)25(31)12-21(18)11-24-22-15-28(34-4)26(32-2)13-19(22)7-9-30-24/h13-16,24-25,30H,6-12,17H2,1-5H3/t24-,25+/m1/s1
|  InChIKey = XXLZPUYGHQWHRN-RPBOFIJWBQ
|  StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|changed|chemspider}}
| StdInChI = 1S/C29H38N2O4/c1-6-18-17-31-10-8-20-14-27(33-3)29(35-5)16-23(20)25(31)12-21(18)11-24-22-15-28(34-4)26(32-2)13-19(22)7-9-30-24/h13-16,24-25,30H,6-12,17H2,1-5H3/t24-,25+/m1/s1
|  StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|changed|chemspider}}
| StdInChIKey = XXLZPUYGHQWHRN-RPBOFIJWSA-N


==Brand Names==
<!--Chemical data-->
MEBADIN<sup>®</sup>
| C=29 | H=38 | N=2 | O=4
| molecular_weight = 478.62 g/mol
}}
__NOTOC__
{{SI}}
{{CMG}}
==Overview==
'''Dehydroemetine''' is a synthetically produced [[antiprotozoal agent]] similar to [[emetine]] in its anti-amoebic properties and structure (they differ only in a double bond next to the ethyl substituent), but it produces fewer side effects. In the United States, it is manufactured by [[Hoffmann–La Roche|Roche]].


==WHO Model Prescribing Information==
==Mechanism==
'''[[Dehydroemetine general information|General Information]]'''
''' | [[Dehydroemetine clinical information|Clinical Information]]'''
''' | [[Dehydroemetine dosage and administration|Dosage and Administration]]'''
''' | [[Dehydroemetine precautions|Precautions]]'''
''' | [[Dehydroemetine use in pregnancy|Use in Pregnancy]]'''
''' | [[Dehydroemetine adverse effects|Adverse Effects]]'''
''' | [[Dehydroemetine drug interactions|Drug Interactions]]'''
''' | [[Dehydroemetine storage|Storage]]'''
 
==Mechanism of Action==
Its exact mechanism is not known, but ''[[in vitro]]'' it inhibits translocation.<ref name="isbn0-7484-0168-7">{{cite book |author=Abdi, Y. A. |title=Handbook of drugs for tropical parasitic infections |publisher=Taylor & Francis |location=Washington, DC |year=1995 |pages=47  |isbn=0-7484-0168-7 |oclc= |doi= |accessdate=}}</ref>
Its exact mechanism is not known, but ''[[in vitro]]'' it inhibits translocation.<ref name="isbn0-7484-0168-7">{{cite book |author=Abdi, Y. A. |title=Handbook of drugs for tropical parasitic infections |publisher=Taylor & Francis |location=Washington, DC |year=1995 |pages=47  |isbn=0-7484-0168-7 |oclc= |doi= |accessdate=}}</ref>


==Uses==
==Uses==
It is distributed by the [[Center for Disease Control]] on a [[wiktionary:compassionate use|compassionate use]] basis as an [[investigational drug]] for the treatment of [[metronidazole]]-resistant amoebiasis.<ref name="CDC_EMETINE">{{cite web
It is distributed by the [[Center for Disease Control]] on a [[wiktionary:compassionate use|compassionate use]] basis as an [[investigational drug]] for the treatment of [[metronidazole]]-resistant amoebiasis. <ref name="CDC_EMETINE"> {{cite web
  | title = Center for Disease Control NCID Formulary
  | title = Center for Disease Control NCID Formulary
  | url=http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/srp/drugs/formulary.html
  | url=http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/srp/drugs/formulary.html
  | accessdate = 2007-09-09 }} </ref>
  | accessdate = 2007-09-09 }} </ref>


===Amebic Infections===
===Amoebic infections===
Some examples of the use of dehydroemetine in the treatment of amoebic infections include:
Some examples of the use of dehydroemetine in the treatment of amoebic infections include:


# In 1993, the successful treatment of [[cutaneous amebiasis]] in a 7-year old girl with dehydroemetine and metronidazole in Mexico. <ref name="pmid8302738">{{cite journal |author=Magaña-García M, Arista-Viveros A |title=Cutaneous amebiasis in children |journal=Pediatric dermatology |volume=10 |issue=4 |pages=352–5 |year=1993 |pmid=8302738 |doi=10.1111/j.1525-1470.1993.tb00397.x}}</ref>
# In 1993, the successful treatment of [[cutaneous amebiasis]] in a 7-year old girl with dehydroemetine and metronidazole in Mexico.  
# A double-blind study of oral dehydroemetine in the treatment of amoebiasis performed at St. Mary's Hospital, Catholic Medical College, Seoul, Republic of Korea in 1973-1974 showed dehydroemetine treatment was effective. A total of 60 patients were treated, 20 with dehydroemetine, 20 with Tiberal, and 20 with metronidazole. One-fourth of the patients treated with dehydroemetine reported adverse reactions, compared to 20% with other drugs, but no patient discontinued therapy due to the reaction. In all three cases, the drug therapy resulted in clearance of the infection, defined as negative results through an O&P exam, in all but 1-2 patients.<ref name="pmid538815">{{cite journal |author=Chun, Chong |title=Amoebic Comparative Double Blind Trials of Tiberal Compared with Metronidazole and Oral dehydroemetine in Oligosymptomatic Amoebiasis|journal=Korean Medical Database| url=http://kmbase.medric.or.kr/Main.aspx?d=KMBASE&m=VIEW&i=0351219740060010097}}</ref>
# A double-blind study of oral dehydroemetine in the treatment of amoebiasis performed at St. Mary's Hospital, Catholic Medical College, Seoul, Republic of Korea in 1973-1974 showed dehydroemetine treatment was effective. A total of 60 patients were treated, 20 with dehydroemetine, 20 with Tiberal, and 20 with metronidazole. One-fourth of the patients treated with dehydroemetine reported adverse reactions, compared to 20% with other drugs, but no patient discontinued therapy due to the reaction. In all three cases, the drug therapy resulted in clearance of the infection, defined as negative results through an O&P exam, in all but 1-2 patients.
# A 1979 study of 27 patients treated with dehydroemetine and various other drugs suggested all drug combinations were successful at treating amoebic liver abscesses. <ref name="pmid538815">{{cite journal |author=Peters M, Dietrich M, Bienzle U, Kern P, Mannweiler E |title=Amoebic liver abscess: a retrospective clinical evaluation of twenty-seven cases |journal=Tropenmedizin und Parasitologie |volume=30 |issue=4 |pages=409–16 |year=1979 |pmid=538815 |doi=}}</ref>
# A 1979 study of 27 patients treated with dehydroemetine and various other drugs suggested all drug combinations were successful at treating amoebic liver abscesses.  
# A 1986 in vitro study compared the effects of dehydroemetine, metronidazole, ornidazole, and secnidazole on ''[[Entamoeba histolytica]]''. Metronidazole was found to be most effective, and the other three drugs were of similar effectiveness. <ref name="pmid2883732">{{cite journal |author=Chintana T, Sucharit P, Mahakittikun V, Siripanth C, Suphadtanaphongs W |title=In vitro studies on the sensitivity of local Entamoeba histolytica to anti-amoebic drugs |journal=Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health |volume=17 |issue=4 |pages=591–4 |year=1986 |pmid=2883732 |doi=}}</ref>
# A 1986 in vitro study compared the effects of dehydroemetine, metronidazole, ornidazole, and secnidazole on ''[[Entamoeba histolytica]]''. Metronidazole was found to be most effective, and the other three drugs were of similar effectiveness.  


===Other Diseases===
===In other diseases===
A 1980 report described the use of dehydroemetine in treatment of [[herpes zoster]], a condition which can produce painful neurological symptoms. The study involved 40 patients, all of whom were over 60, and compared dehydroemetine treatment to another drug. The study reported patients treated with dehydroemetine experienced relief of neuralgia with no changes in cardiovascular functions. <ref name="pmid6102504">{{cite journal |author=Hernandez-Perez E |title=Dehydroemetine therapy for herpes zoster. A comparison with corticosteroids |journal=Cutis; cutaneous medicine for the practitioner |volume=25 |issue=4 |pages=424–6 |year=1980 |pmid=6102504 |doi=}}</ref>
A 1980 report described the use of dehydroemetine in treatment of [[herpes zoster]], a condition which can produce painful neurological symptoms. The study involved 40 patients, all of whom were over 60, and compared dehydroemetine treatment to another drug. The study reported patients treated with dehydroemetine experienced relief of neuralgia with no changes in cardiovascular functions.
Dehydroemetine has been investigated as a treatment for ''[[Leishmania]]'' infection.
==References==
{{reflist|2}}


Dehydroemetine has been investigated as a treatment for ''[[Leishmania]]'' infection. <ref name="pmid16732">{{cite journal |author=Al-Khateeb GH, Al-Jeboori TI, Al-Janabi KA |title=In vitro efficacy of some drugs on promastigotes of Leishmania donovani |journal=Chemotherapy |volume=23 |issue=4 |pages=267–75 |year=1977 |pmid=16732 |doi=10.1159/000221994}}</ref>
[[Category:Alkaloids]]
 
[[Category:Antiprotozoal agents]]
==References==
[[Category:Phenol ethers]]
{{Reflist|2}}


[[Category:Antibiotics]]
[[Category:Drug]]
[[Category:Wikinfect]]

Latest revision as of 19:39, 18 August 2015

Dehydroemetine
Clinical data
AHFS/Drugs.comInternational Drug Names
ATC code
Identifiers
CAS Number
PubChem CID
ChemSpider
UNII
KEGG
ChEMBL
E number{{#property:P628}}
ECHA InfoCard{{#property:P2566}}Lua error in Module:EditAtWikidata at line 36: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value).
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC29H38N2O4
Molar mass478.62 g/mol
3D model (JSmol)
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Overview

Dehydroemetine is a synthetically produced antiprotozoal agent similar to emetine in its anti-amoebic properties and structure (they differ only in a double bond next to the ethyl substituent), but it produces fewer side effects. In the United States, it is manufactured by Roche.

Mechanism

Its exact mechanism is not known, but in vitro it inhibits translocation.[1]

Uses

It is distributed by the Center for Disease Control on a compassionate use basis as an investigational drug for the treatment of metronidazole-resistant amoebiasis. [2]

Amoebic infections

Some examples of the use of dehydroemetine in the treatment of amoebic infections include:

  1. In 1993, the successful treatment of cutaneous amebiasis in a 7-year old girl with dehydroemetine and metronidazole in Mexico.
  2. A double-blind study of oral dehydroemetine in the treatment of amoebiasis performed at St. Mary's Hospital, Catholic Medical College, Seoul, Republic of Korea in 1973-1974 showed dehydroemetine treatment was effective. A total of 60 patients were treated, 20 with dehydroemetine, 20 with Tiberal, and 20 with metronidazole. One-fourth of the patients treated with dehydroemetine reported adverse reactions, compared to 20% with other drugs, but no patient discontinued therapy due to the reaction. In all three cases, the drug therapy resulted in clearance of the infection, defined as negative results through an O&P exam, in all but 1-2 patients.
  3. A 1979 study of 27 patients treated with dehydroemetine and various other drugs suggested all drug combinations were successful at treating amoebic liver abscesses.
  4. A 1986 in vitro study compared the effects of dehydroemetine, metronidazole, ornidazole, and secnidazole on Entamoeba histolytica. Metronidazole was found to be most effective, and the other three drugs were of similar effectiveness.

In other diseases

A 1980 report described the use of dehydroemetine in treatment of herpes zoster, a condition which can produce painful neurological symptoms. The study involved 40 patients, all of whom were over 60, and compared dehydroemetine treatment to another drug. The study reported patients treated with dehydroemetine experienced relief of neuralgia with no changes in cardiovascular functions. Dehydroemetine has been investigated as a treatment for Leishmania infection.

References

  1. ↑ Abdi, Y. A. (1995). Handbook of drugs for tropical parasitic infections. Washington, DC: Taylor & Francis. p. 47. ISBN 0-7484-0168-7.
  2. ↑ "Center for Disease Control NCID Formulary". Retrieved 2007-09-09.
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