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| __NOTOC__
| | #REDIRECT [[Sotalol#Drug Interactions]] |
| {{Sotalol}}
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| {{CMG}}
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| ==Drug Interactions==
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| ====Drugs undergoing CYP450 metabolism====
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| Sotalol is primarily eliminated by renal excretion; therefore, drugs that are metabolized by [[CYP450]] are not expected to alter the [[pharmacokinetic]]s of [[sotalol]]. [[Sotalol]] is not expected to inhibit or induce any [[CYP450]] enzymes; therefore, it is not expected to alter the PK of drugs that are metabolized by these enzymes.
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| ====Antiarrhythmics====
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| Class Ia antiarrhythmic drugs, such as disopyramide, quinidine and procainamide and other Class III drugs (e.g., amiodarone) are not recommended as concomitant therapy with Betapace, because of their potential to prolong refractoriness (see WARNINGS). There is only limited experience with the concomitant use of Class Ib or Ic antiarrhythmics. Additive Class II effects would also be anticipated with the use of other beta-blocking agents concomitantly with Betapace.
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| ====Digoxin====
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| Single and multiple doses of Betapace do not substantially affect serum digoxin levels. Proarrhythmic events were more common in Betapace treated patients also receiving digoxin; it is not clear whether this represents an interaction or is related to the presence of CHF, a known risk factor for proarrhythmia, in the patients receiving digoxin. Both digitalis glycosides and beta-blockers slow atrioventricular conduction and decrease heart rate. Concomitant use can increase the risk of bradycardia.
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| ====Calcium-blocking drugs====
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| Betapace should be administered with caution in conjunction with calcium-blocking drugs because of possible additive effects on atrioventricular conduction or ventricular function. Additionally, concomitant use of these drugs may have additive effects on blood pressure, possibly leading to hypotension.
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| ====Catecholamine-depleting agents====
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| Concomitant use of catecholamine-depleting drugs, such as reserpine and guanethidine, with a beta-blocker may produce an excessive reduction of resting sympathetic nervous tone. Patients treated with Betapace plus a catecholamine depletor should therefore be closely monitored for evidence of hypotension and/or marked bradycardia which may produce syncope.
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| ====Insulin and oral antidiabetics====
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| Hyperglycemia may occur, and the dosage of insulin or antidiabetic drugs may require adjustment. Symptoms of hypoglycemia may be masked.
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| ====Beta-2-receptor stimulants====
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| Beta-agonists such as salbutamol, terbutaline and isoprenaline may have to be administered in increased dosages when used concomitantly with Betapace.
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| ====Clonidine====
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| Beta-blocking drugs may potentiate the rebound hypertension sometimes observed after discontinuation of clonidine; therefore, caution is advised when discontinuing clonidine in patients receiving Betapace.
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| ====Other====
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| No pharmacokinetic interactions were observed with hydrochlorothiazide or warfarin.
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| ====Antacids====
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| Administration of Betapace within 2 hours of antacids containing aluminum oxide and magnesium hydroxide should be avoided because it may result in a reduction in Cmax and AUC of 26% and 20%, respectively and consequently in a 25% reduction in the bradycardic effect at rest. Administration of the antacid two hours after Betapace has no effect on the pharmacokinetics or pharmacodynamics of sotalol.
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| ====Drugs prolonging the QT interval====
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| Betapace should be administered with caution in conjunction with other drugs known to prolong the QT interval such as Class I and Class III antiarrhythmic agents, phenothiazines, tricyclic antidepressants, astemizole, bepridil, certain oral macrolides, and certain quinolone antibiotics (see WARNINGS).
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| ====Drug/Laboratory Test Interactions====
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| The presence of sotalol in the urine may result in falsely elevated levels of urinary metanephrine when measured by fluorimetric or photometric methods. In screening patients suspected of having a pheochromocytoma and being treated with sotalol, a specific method, such as a high performance liquid chromatographic assay with solid phase extraction (e.g., J. Chromatogr. 385:241, 1987) should be employed in determining levels of catecholamines.<ref name="dailymed.nlm.nih.gov">{{Cite web | last = | first = | title = BETAPACE (SOTALOL HYDROCHLORIDE) TABLET [BAYER HEALTHCARE PHARMACEUTICALS INC.] | url = http://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/lookup.cfm?setid=c4caf469-f684-4f6d-98e8-b6a2fff1de98 | publisher = | date = | accessdate = }}</ref>
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| ==References==
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| {{Reflist}}
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| {{FDA}}
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| [[Category:Antiarrhythmic agents]]
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| [[Category:Beta blockers]]
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| [[Category:Drugs]]
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