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| {{drugbox |
| | #REDIRECT [[Benztropine]] |
| | IUPAC_name = 3-benzhydryloxy-8-methyl-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octane
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| | image = Benzatropine.svg
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| | CAS_number = 86-13-5
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| | ATC_prefix = N04
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| | ATC_suffix = AC01
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| | PubChem = 1201549
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| | DrugBank = APRD00748
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| | C=21 | H=25 | N=1 | O=1
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| | molecular_weight = 307.429 g/mol
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| | bioavailability =
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| | protein_bound =
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| | metabolism =
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| | elimination_half-life = 36 hours
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| | excretion =
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| | pregnancy_US = C
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| | pregnancy_category =
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| | legal_status =
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| | routes_of_administration = oral, [[Intramuscular injection|IM]], [[Intravenous therapy|IV]]
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| }}
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| {{SI}}
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| {{CMG}}
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| ==Overview==
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| '''Benzatropine mesilate''' ([[International Nonproprietary Name|INN]], commonly known as '''benztropine'''; marketed as '''Cogentin''') is an [[anticholinergic]] [[medication|drug]] principally used for the treatment of:
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| *Drug-induced [[parkinsonism]], [[akathisia]] and acute [[dystonia]];
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| *[[Parkinson disease]]; and
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| *[[Idiopathic]] or [[secondary]] [[dystonia]].
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| ==Indications==
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| It is used in patients with [[schizophrenia]] to reduce the side effects of [[antipsychotic]] treatment, such as [[parkinsonism]] and [[akathisia]].
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| Benztropine is also a second-line drug for the treatment of [[Parkinson's disease]]. It improves [[tremor]] but not rigidity or bradykinesia.
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| Benztropine is also sometimes used for the treatment of [[dystonia]], a rare disorder that causes abnormal muscle contraction, resulting in twisting postures of limbs, trunk, or face. | |
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| ==Side effects==
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| These are principally anticholinergic:
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| *[[Dry mouth]]
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| *Blurred vision
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| *Cognitive changes
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| *[[Constipation]]
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| *[[Urinary retention]]
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| *[[Tachycardia]]
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| *[[Anorexia]]
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| *[[Psychosis]] (usually in overdose)
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| Some studies suggest that use of anticholinergics increases the risk of [[tardive dyskinesia]], a long-term side effect of antipsychotics.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://archpsyc.ama-assn.org/cgi/content/abstract/39/4/473?ijkey=811161dc6009d5cdb0bf5529f04af8260c78426f&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha |title=Arch Gen Psychiatry -- Abstract: Tardive dyskinesia: prevalence and risk factors, 1959 to 1979, April 1982, Kane and Smith 39 (4): 473 |accessdate=2007-08-14 |format= |work=}}</ref><ref name="pmid11534539">{{cite journal |author=Wszola BA, Newell KM, Sprague RL |title=Risk factors for tardive dyskinesia in a large population of youths and adults |journal=Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology |volume=9 |issue=3 |pages=285-96 |year=2001 |pmid=11534539 |doi=}}</ref>
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| Other studies have found no association between anticholinergic exposure and risk of developing tardive dyskinesia.<ref name="pmid9546009">{{cite journal |author=van Harten PN, Hoek HW, Matroos GE, Koeter M, Kahn RS |title=Intermittent neuroleptic treatment and risk for tardive dyskinesia: Curaçao Extrapyramidal Syndromes Study III |journal=The American journal of psychiatry |volume=155 |issue=4 |pages=565-7 |year=1998 |pmid=9546009 |doi=}}</ref>
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| ==References==
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| {{reflist|2}}
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| {{Anti-parkinson anticholinergic agents}}
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| [[Category:Drugs]]
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| [[Category:Anticholinergics]]
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| [[Category:Dopamine reuptake inhibitors]]
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| [[Category:Muscarinic antagonists]]
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| [[Category:Tardive dyskinesia]]
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