Tick-borne disease (patient information): Difference between revisions
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| [[Image:Lyme-1.jpg|thumb|none|Lyme disease often appears as a "bull's-eye" rash around the site on the skin where there has been a tick bite.]] | | [[Image:Lyme-1.jpg|thumb|none|150px|Lyme disease often appears as a "bull's-eye" rash around the site on the skin where there has been a tick bite.]] | ||
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{{Tick-borne disease (patient information)}} | {{Tick-borne disease (patient information)}} | ||
{{CMG}} | {{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{JS}} | ||
== Overview == | == Overview == | ||
Tick-borne diseases are | Tick-borne diseases are transmitted by ticks. Hard and soft-bodied female ticks are believed to make a [[poison]] that can cause [[tick paralysis]] in children. | ||
While most ticks do not carry diseases, some can carry [[bacteria]] | While most ticks do not carry diseases, some can carry [[pathogens]], including [[bacteria]], [[virus]] or [[parasites]], which may cause: | ||
* [[Colorado tick fever]] | * [[Colorado tick fever]] | ||
* [[Lyme disease]] | * [[Lyme disease]] | ||
| Line 21: | Line 20: | ||
== What are the symptoms of Tick-borne disease? == | == What are the symptoms of Tick-borne disease? == | ||
Watch for the following [[symptoms]] of [[tick-borne disease]] in the weeks following a [[tick bite]]: | Watch for the following [[symptoms]] of [[tick-borne disease]] in the weeks following a [[tick bite]]: | ||
* [[Rash]] | |||
* [[Skin ulcer]] | |||
* [[Fever]]/ [[chills]] | |||
* [[Headache]] | |||
* [[Muscle]] or [[joint aches]] | * [[Muscle]] or [[joint aches]] | ||
* [[Weakness]] | * [[Weakness]] | ||
* [[Swollen lymph nodes]] | * [[Swollen lymph nodes]] | ||
* | * Flu-like [[symptoms]] | ||
* [[Stiff neck]] | |||
The [[symptoms]] below refer to the problems resulting from the bite itself, not the diseases that a bite may cause. Some of the [[symptoms]] may be specific of one kind of tick: | The [[symptoms]] below refer to the problems resulting from the bite itself, not the diseases that a bite may cause. Some of the [[symptoms]] may be specific of one kind of tick: | ||
* [[ | * [[Rash]] | ||
* [[Blisters]] | * [[Blisters]] | ||
* [[Swelling]] at bite site | |||
* Severe [[pain]] at bite site lasting for several weeks | |||
* [[Weakness]] | |||
* [[Difficulty breathing]] | * [[Difficulty breathing]] | ||
* Uncoordinated movement | * Uncoordinated movement | ||
== What causes Tick-borne disease? == | == What causes Tick-borne disease? == | ||
While most ticks do not carry diseases, some ticks may carry [[bacteria]] that can cause: | While most ticks do not carry diseases, some ticks may carry [[bacteria]] that can cause: | ||
* [[Lyme disease]] (most common tick disease in the US) | |||
* [[Colorado tick fever]] | * [[Colorado tick fever]] | ||
* [[Rocky Mountain spotted fever]] | * [[Rocky Mountain spotted fever]] | ||
* [[Tularemia]] | * [[Tularemia]] | ||
| Line 50: | Line 49: | ||
== Who is at highest risk? == | == Who is at highest risk? == | ||
People who spend time outdoors and/or have pets that go outdoors are at risk for tick-borne disease. | People who spend time outdoors and/or have pets that go outdoors are at risk for tick-borne disease, particularly during the warm seasons. | ||
== Diagnosis == | == Diagnosis == | ||
| Line 56: | Line 55: | ||
== Prevention of Tick-borne disease == | == Prevention of Tick-borne disease == | ||
Avoid wooded or grassy fields, where ticks reside, particularly in warm seasons. | |||
Avoid | |||
== Treatment options == | == Treatment options == | ||
{| style="float: right;" | |||
| [[Image:Tick removal.png|thumb|none|150px|Tick removal technique]] | |||
|} | |||
Remove the tick | * Remove the tick carefully not to leave the tick's head stuck in the skin. | ||
* If there is a collection of [[pus]], the area will need to be incised and drained. | |||
* [[Antibiotic]] treatment is often justified: | |||
:* [[Doxycycline]] to treat suspected [[tick-borne disease]], such as [[Lyme disease]] | |||
:* [[IV]] [[dose]] of a [[cephalosporin]] followed by [[Keflex]] 500 mg PO q 6 hours to treat surrounding [[cellulitis]] | |||
:* [[Bactrim]] twice a day is given to cover [[Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus]] ([[MRSA]]) in hospital workers | |||
== When to seek urgent medical care? == | == When to seek urgent medical care? == | ||
If you have [[symptoms]] of [[Tick-borne disease]] contact health care professional. Long-term [[Therapy|treatment]] may be needed if [[complications]] develop. Preventive [[antibiotics]] are often given to people who live in areas where [[Lyme disease]] is common. | |||
If you have [[symptoms]] of Tick-borne disease contact health care professional | |||
== What to expect (Outlook/Prognosis) == | == What to expect (Outlook/Prognosis) == | ||
Most [[tick bites]] are harmless. The outcome will depend on: | |||
Most [[tick bites]] are harmless. The outcome will depend on | * Kind of [[infection]] the tick may have transmitted | ||
* Timing until treatment initiation | |||
== Where to find medical care for Tick-borne disease? == | == Where to find medical care for Tick-borne disease? == | ||
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== Possible complications == | == Possible complications == | ||
[[Complications]] depend on the type of [[infection]] transmitted. | |||
== Sources == | == Sources == | ||
| Line 95: | Line 97: | ||
[[Category:Zoonoses]] | [[Category:Zoonoses]] | ||
[[Category:Spirochaetes]] | [[Category:Spirochaetes]] | ||
[[Category:Disease]] | [[Category:Disease]] | ||
Latest revision as of 18:56, 18 September 2017
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For the WikiDoc page for this topic, click here
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Tick-borne disease |
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Tick-borne disease On the Web |
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: João André Alves Silva, M.D. [2]
Overview
Tick-borne diseases are transmitted by ticks. Hard and soft-bodied female ticks are believed to make a poison that can cause tick paralysis in children. While most ticks do not carry diseases, some can carry pathogens, including bacteria, virus or parasites, which may cause:
What are the symptoms of Tick-borne disease?
Watch for the following symptoms of tick-borne disease in the weeks following a tick bite:
- Rash
- Skin ulcer
- Fever/ chills
- Headache
- Muscle or joint aches
- Weakness
- Swollen lymph nodes
- Flu-like symptoms
- Stiff neck
The symptoms below refer to the problems resulting from the bite itself, not the diseases that a bite may cause. Some of the symptoms may be specific of one kind of tick:
- Rash
- Blisters
- Swelling at bite site
- Severe pain at bite site lasting for several weeks
- Weakness
- Difficulty breathing
- Uncoordinated movement
What causes Tick-borne disease?
While most ticks do not carry diseases, some ticks may carry bacteria that can cause:
- Lyme disease (most common tick disease in the US)
- Colorado tick fever
- Rocky Mountain spotted fever
- Tularemia
Who is at highest risk?
People who spend time outdoors and/or have pets that go outdoors are at risk for tick-borne disease, particularly during the warm seasons.
Diagnosis
Signs and symptoms may be different according to the kind of tick and the transmitted disease. An example of a skin rash, following tick-bite, is the bull's eye rash from Lyme disease.
Prevention of Tick-borne disease
Avoid wooded or grassy fields, where ticks reside, particularly in warm seasons.
Treatment options
 |
- Remove the tick carefully not to leave the tick's head stuck in the skin.
- If there is a collection of pus, the area will need to be incised and drained.
- Antibiotic treatment is often justified:
- Doxycycline to treat suspected tick-borne disease, such as Lyme disease
- IV dose of a cephalosporin followed by Keflex 500 mg PO q 6 hours to treat surrounding cellulitis
- Bactrim twice a day is given to cover Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in hospital workers
When to seek urgent medical care?
If you have symptoms of Tick-borne disease contact health care professional. Long-term treatment may be needed if complications develop. Preventive antibiotics are often given to people who live in areas where Lyme disease is common.
What to expect (Outlook/Prognosis)
Most tick bites are harmless. The outcome will depend on:
- Kind of infection the tick may have transmitted
- Timing until treatment initiation
Where to find medical care for Tick-borne disease?
Directions to Hospitals Treating Tick-borne disease
Possible complications
Complications depend on the type of infection transmitted.