Malaria history and symptoms: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Malaria parasites are transmitted by female ''[[Anopheles]]'' [[mosquito]]es. The parasites multiply within [[red blood cell]]s, causing symptoms that include symptoms of [[anemia]] (light headedness, [[shortness of breath]], [[tachycardia]] etc.), as well as other general symptoms such as [[fever]], [[chills]], [[nausea]], [[influenza|flu-like illness]], and in severe cases, [[coma]] and death. | Malaria parasites are transmitted by female ''[[Anopheles]]'' [[mosquito]]es. The parasites multiply within [[red blood cell]]s, causing symptoms that include symptoms of [[anemia]] (light headedness, [[shortness of breath]], [[tachycardia]] etc.), as well as other general symptoms such as [[fever]], [[chills]], [[nausea]], [[influenza|flu-like illness]], and in severe cases, [[coma]] and death. | ||
==History== | ==History== | ||
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* [[Muscle pain]] | * [[Muscle pain]] | ||
* [[Abnormal posturing]] (children) | * [[Abnormal posturing]] (children) | ||
==Less Common Symptoms== | ==Less Common Symptoms== | ||
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* [[Convulsions]] | * [[Convulsions]] | ||
* Feeling of tingling in the skin | * Feeling of tingling in the skin | ||
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==References== | ==References== | ||
{{reflist|2}} | {{reflist|2}} | ||
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[[Category:Infectious disease]] | [[Category:Infectious disease]] | ||
[[Category:Disease]] | [[Category:Disease]] | ||
{{WikiDoc Help Menu}} | {{WikiDoc Help Menu}} | ||
{{WikiDoc Sources}} | {{WikiDoc Sources}} | ||
Revision as of 16:11, 24 July 2014
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1];
Overview
Malaria parasites are transmitted by female Anopheles mosquitoes. The parasites multiply within red blood cells, causing symptoms that include symptoms of anemia (light headedness, shortness of breath, tachycardia etc.), as well as other general symptoms such as fever, chills, nausea, flu-like illness, and in severe cases, coma and death.
History
Obtaining a detailed history of the symptoms and travel history of the patient is an important step for the diagnosis of malaria. A travel history to a country where malaria is endemic, when in the presence of flu-like symptoms is an important alert for the diagnosis.[1]
After the mosquito bite, the typical incubation period of malaria may range from 8 to 25 days, in a primary attack. This period may be longer, depending on the status of the immune system of the host, the species and strain of the parasite, the dose of sporozoites, as well as the possible presence of prophylactic drugs. However, in the case of latent hypnozoites, relapses may occur within months to years after the mosquito bite.[2]
Commonly, the diagnosis of malaria should be considered in every patient who presents with an onset of fever and other related symptoms, who has traveled to a malaria-endemic region during the previous 3 months. Sometimes a wider timeframe may be considered.[3]
Common Symptoms
- Fever
- Chills
- Headache
- Weakness
- Night sweats
- Insomnia
- Joint pain
- Muscle pain
- Abnormal posturing (children)
Less Common Symptoms
- Vomiting
- Diarrhea
- Abdominal cramps
- Bloody urine
- Convulsions
- Feeling of tingling in the skin
References
- ↑ Mandell, Gerald (2010). Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's principles and practice of infectious diseases. Philadelphia, PA: Churchill Livingstone/Elsevier. ISBN 0443068399.
- ↑ Mandell, Gerald (2010). Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's principles and practice of infectious diseases. Philadelphia, PA: Churchill Livingstone/Elsevier. ISBN 0443068399.
- ↑ Mandell, Gerald (2010). Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's principles and practice of infectious diseases. Philadelphia, PA: Churchill Livingstone/Elsevier. ISBN 0443068399.