Malaria physical examination: Difference between revisions
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==Physical Examination== | ==Physical Examination== | ||
===Appearance of the Patient=== | ===Appearance of the Patient=== | ||
===Vitals=== | |||
====Temperature==== | |||
*A [[fever]] is often present, according to the patterns described above | |||
====Pulse==== | |||
=====Rate===== | |||
*[[Tachycardia]] may be present | |||
<!-- | |||
=====Rhythm===== | |||
*The pulse is regular | |||
*The pules is irregularly irregular | |||
=====Strength===== | |||
*The pulse may be weak | |||
*The pulse may be bounding | |||
*The pulse may be alternating in strength ([[pulsus alternans]]) | |||
*A [[paradoxical pulse]] may be present | |||
=====Symmetry===== | |||
*The pulses may be asymmetric | |||
====Blood Pressure==== | |||
*[[Hypotension]] may be present | |||
*[[Hypertension]] may be present | |||
*A [[wide pulse pressure]] may be present | |||
*A [[narrow pulse pressure]] may be present | |||
====Respiratory Rate==== | |||
*[[Tachypnea]] may be present | |||
*[[Bradypnea]] may be present | |||
* [[Kussmaul respirations]] may be present | |||
===Skin=== | |||
*[[Cyanosis]] may be present | |||
*[[Jaundice]] may be present | |||
* A rash may be present | |||
* [[Pallor]] may be present | |||
* Lesions may be present | |||
===Head=== | |||
* Abnormalities of the head/hair may include ___ | |||
* There may be evidence of trauma | |||
===Eyes=== | |||
*Icteric sclera may be present | |||
* [[Nystagmus]] may be present. | |||
* Extra-ocular movements may be abnormal | |||
*Pupils may not react to light | |||
*Ophthalmoscopic exam may be abnormal with findings of ___ | |||
===Ears=== | |||
* Hearing acuity may be reduced | |||
*[[Weber test]] may be positive | |||
*[[Rinne test]] may be positive | |||
* There may be [[exudate]] from the ear canal | |||
* There may be [[tenderness]] on movement of the pinnae | |||
===Nose=== | |||
* Nares may be inflamed | |||
* There may be [[epistaxis]] | |||
* There may be [[purulent]] exudate from the nares | |||
* There may be [[tenderness]] to percussion of the sinuses | |||
* The nares may be congested | |||
===Throat=== | |||
* The throat may be erythematous | |||
* There may be [[exudate]] in the throat | |||
* There may be [[petechiae]] seen in the throat | |||
* There may be tonsillar inflammation | |||
===Neck=== | |||
*[[Jugular venous pressure]] may be elevated | |||
*[[Carotid bruits]] may be present | |||
*[[Lymph nodes]] may be present | |||
*[[Thyromegaly]] may be present | |||
*[[Hepatojugular reflux]] may be present | |||
===Lungs=== | |||
*[[Pulmonary edema]] and [[rales]] may be present | |||
*[[Wheezing]] may be present | |||
*Consolidation may be present with reduced breath sounds auscultated | |||
*[[Rales]] may be present | |||
*[[Egophony]] may be present | |||
* Chest movement may be assymetric | |||
===Heart=== | |||
*A [[heave]] may be present | |||
*A [[thrill]] may be present | |||
*A [[friction rub]] may be pressent | |||
====Auscultation==== | |||
*[[Heart sounds#First heart tone S1, the "lub"(components M1 and T1)|S1]] | |||
*[[Heart sounds#Second heart tone S2 the "dub"(components A2 and P2)|S2]] | |||
*[[Heart sounds#Third heart sound S3|S3]] | |||
*[[Heart sounds#Fourth heart sound S4|S4]] | |||
*[[Heart sounds#Summation Gallop|Gallops]] | |||
*A [[systolic murmur]] best heard at the base may be present | |||
*A [[systolic murmur]] best heard at the apex may be present | |||
*A [[diastolic murmur]] may be present | |||
===Abdomen=== | |||
*[[Abdominal distention]] may be present | |||
*[[Abdominal tenderness]] may be present | |||
*[[Rebound tenderness]] may be present | |||
*An [[acute abdomen]] may be present | |||
*An abdominal mass may be present | |||
*Guarding may be present | |||
*[[Hepatomegaly]] may be present | |||
*[[Splenomegaly]] may be present | |||
*Genitourinary exam if relevant | |||
===Extremities=== | |||
*[[Clubbing]] may be present | |||
*[[Cyanosis]] may be present | |||
*[[Edema]] may be present | |||
===Neurologic=== | |||
* Mental status may be altered | |||
* Glasgow coma scale is ___ | |||
* Clonus may be present | |||
* Hyperactive reflexes may be present | |||
* There are deficits in cranial nerves ___ | |||
--> | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{Reflist|2}} | {{Reflist|2}} | ||
Revision as of 18:10, 24 July 2014
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Malaria Microchapters |
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Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
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Case studies |
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Malaria physical examination On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Malaria physical examination |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Malaria physical examination |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: João André Alves Silva, M.D. [2]
Overview
Physical Examination
Appearance of the Patient
Vitals
Temperature
- A fever is often present, according to the patterns described above
Pulse
Rate
- Tachycardia may be present