Hepatitis B screening: Difference between revisions
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For [[HBV]] carriers at high risk for [[HCC]] who are living in areas where US is not readily available, periodic screening with [[AFP]] should be considered. (Grade II-2)}} | For [[HBV]] carriers at high risk for [[HCC]] who are living in areas where US is not readily available, periodic screening with [[AFP]] should be considered. (Grade II-2)}} | ||
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! style="background: #4479BA; width: 120px;" | {{fontcolor|#FFF|Group}} | |||
! style="background: #4479BA; width: 550px;" | {{fontcolor|#FFF|Screening Recommendations}} | |||
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| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" | '''Pregnant women''' | |||
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*All pregnant women should screen (HBsAg testing) at the first prenatal visit | |||
*Re-screen women with unknown HBsAg status or new or continuing risk factors | |||
*Refer women who test positive for counseling and medical management | |||
*Administer [[hepatitis B vaccine]] and hepatitis B [[immune globulin]] to exposed infants within 12 hours of birth | |||
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| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" | '''Asymptomatic/Nonpregnant adolescents and adults at high risk (HBV)''' | |||
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*Risk Assessment: | |||
**Persons born in countries and regions with a high prevalence of HBV infection (≥2%) | |||
**U.S.-born persons not vaccinated as infants whose parents were born in regions with a very high prevalence of HBV infection (≥8%), | |||
**HIV-positive persons | |||
**Injection drug users | |||
**Men who have sex with men | |||
**Household contacts or sexual partners of persons with HBV infection | |||
*Screening Tests: | |||
**(HBsAg) test followed by a licensed, neutralizing confirmatory test | |||
**Testing for antibodies to HBsAg (anti-HBs) and hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc) (distinguish between infection and immunity) | |||
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| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" | ''''''Asymptomatic/Nonpregnant adolescents and adults at low risk (HBV)'''' | |||
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*Decide whether getting a hepatitis B test is right for you | |||
**Your doctor or nurse may offer you a hepatitis B test. However, you can choose to decline. If you have questions, talk to your | |||
**Think about your own lifestyle (both now and in the past) | |||
**Think about your personal beliefs | |||
**Think about your preferences for health care. | |||
**Consider scientific recommendations, | |||
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== References == | == References == | ||
Revision as of 20:55, 10 October 2016
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Hepatitis B |
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Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
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Case Studies |
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Hepatitis B screening On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Hepatitis B screening |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: João André Alves Silva, M.D. [2]
Overview
High risk groups should be tested for HBV infection. These include immigrants/refugees from areas of intermediate or high endemicity, persons with chronically elevated aminotransferases, immunocompromised individuals, and persons with a history of injection drug use(IDU).
Screening for hepatocellular carcinoma should extend to Asian men over 40 years and Asian women over 50 years of age, persons with cirrhosis, persons with a family history of HCC, Africans over 20 years of age, and any HBV carrier over 40 years with persistent or intermittent ALT elevation and/or high HBV DNA level >2,000 IU/mL.
Screening
Recommendations for Persons Who Should Be Tested for HBV Infection: AASLD Practice Guidelines 2009
The following groups should be tested for HBV infection:[1]
- Persons born in high or intermediate endemic areas
- United States– born persons not vaccinated as infants whose parents were born in regions with high HBV endemicity]
- Persons with chronically elevated aminotransferases
- Persons needing immunosuppressive therapy
- Men who have sex with men
- Persons with multiple sexual partners or history of sexually transmitted disease
- Inmates of correctional facilities
- Persons who have ever used injecting drugs, dialysis patients, HIV or HCV infected individuals, pregnant women, and family members, household members, and sexual contacts of HBV infected persons.
- Testing for HBsAg and anti-HBs should be performed, and seronegative persons should be vaccinated. (Grade I Recommendation)}}
Recommendations for HCC Screening: AASLD Practice Guidelines 2009
The following groups should be screened with US examination every 6-12 months: (Grade II-2)[1]
- HBV carriers at high risk for HCC such as Asian men over 40 years and Asian women over 50 years of age
- Persons with cirrhosis
- Persons with a family history of HCC
- Africans over 20 years of age
- Any carrier over 40 years with persistent or intermittent ALT elevation and/or high HBV DNA level >2,000 IU/mL
For HBV carriers at high risk for HCC who are living in areas where US is not readily available, periodic screening with AFP should be considered. (Grade II-2)}}
| Group | Screening Recommendations |
|---|---|
| Pregnant women |
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| Asymptomatic/Nonpregnant adolescents and adults at high risk (HBV) |
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| 'Asymptomatic/Nonpregnant adolescents and adults at low risk (HBV)' |
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References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Lok AS, McMahon BJ (2004). "[AASLD Practice Guidelines. Chronic hepatitis B: update of therapeutic guidelines]" (PDF). Romanian Journal of Gastroenterology. 13 (2): 150–4. PMID 15229781. Retrieved 2012-02-10. Unknown parameter
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