Salmonellosis medical therapy: Difference between revisions

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Revision as of 15:49, 20 August 2014

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: João André Alves Silva, M.D. [2] Jolanta Marszalek, M.D. [3]

Overview

Medical Therapy

Treatment of salmonellosis is often symptomatic, with electrolyte replacement and rehydration.

Mild cases of salmonelloses usually resolve within 5 to 7 days. Patients with severe cases of the disease may require rehydration, often with intravenous fluids.

Antibiotic treatment is not indicated, unless the patient becomes severely dehydrated or septicemia occurs.

Antibiotic Therapy

References

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@@ Line 6: / Line 6: @@
 ==Medical Therapy==
-Salmonella infections usually resolve in 5-7 days and often do not require treatment unless the patient becomes severely dehydrated or the infection spreads from the [[intestines]]. Persons with severe diarrhea may require [[rehydration]], often with [[intravenous fluids]]. Antibiotics are not usually necessary unless the infection spreads from the intestines, then it can be treated with [[ampicillin]], [[gentamicin]], [[trimethoprim]]/[[sulfamethoxazole]], or [[ciprofloxacin]]. Unfortunately, some Salmonella bacteria have become resistant to antibiotics, largely as a result of the use of antibiotics to promote the growth of feed animals.[http://www.cdc.gov/nczved/divisions/dfbmd/diseases/salmonellosis/]
+Treatment of salmonellosis is often symptomatic, with electrolyte replacement and rehydration.
+Mild cases of salmonelloses usually resolve within 5 to 7 days. Patients with severe cases of the disease may require [[rehydration]], often with [[intravenous fluids]].
+[[Antibiotic]] treatment is not indicated, unless the patient becomes severely [[dehydrated]] or septicemia occurs.
 ==Antibiotic Therapy==
@@ Line 12: / Line 17: @@
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-Treatment in severe cases is symptomatic, electrolyte replacement (to provide electrolytes, such as sodium, potassium and chloride ions, lost through vomiting and diarrhoea) and rehydration.
-Routine antimicrobial therapy is not recommended for mild or moderate cases in healthy individuals. This is because antimicrobials may not completely eliminate the bacteria and may select for resistant strains, which subsequently can lead to the drug becoming ineffective. However, health risk groups such as infants, the elderly and immunocompromised patients may need to receive antimicrobial therapy. Antimicrobials are also administered if the infection spreads from the intestine to other body parts. Because of the global increase of antimicrobial resistance, treatment guidelines should be reviewed on a regular basis taking into account the resistance pattern of the bacteria.
+Routine antimicrobial therapy is not recommended for mild or moderate cases in healthy individuals. This is because antimicrobials may not completely eliminate the bacteria and may select for resistant strains, which subsequently can lead to the drug becoming ineffective.
+ Antimicrobials are also administered if the infection spreads from the intestine to other body parts. Because of the global increase of antimicrobial resistance, treatment guidelines should be reviewed on a regular basis taking into account the resistance pattern of the bacteria.
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