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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
==Historical Perspective== | ==Historical Perspective== | ||
Salmonela was initially isolated from the intestines of pigs, by Salmon, an American veterinary pathologist. The bacteria was first associated with hog cholera by Theobald Smith in 1885. However, the disease was later discovered to be associated with a viral infection, with secondary infection due to Salmonella. | |||
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Before the 19th century, typhus and typhoid fever were confused. Though various clinical distinctions were proposed, none reliably dis- tinguished these syndromes. In 1829 in Paris, P. Ch. A. Louis separated typhoid from other fevers on the basis of intestinal lymph node and spleen pathology.2 He also described the clinical phenomena of rose spots, intestinal perforation, and hemorrhage. In the English literature, William Jenner in 1850 settled the question of whether typhus and typhoid were different diseases.3 He distinguished typhoid based on the pathologic evidence of enlargement of the Peyer’s patches and mesenteric lymph nodes. Jenner also noted that prior attacks of typhoid protected against subsequent attacks; this was not the case for typhus. In 1869, Wilson proposed the term enteric fever as an alterna- tive to typhoid fever, given the anatomic site of infection.4 Though enteric fever remains a more accurate term, the use of the term typhoid persists today. | Before the 19th century, typhus and typhoid fever were confused. Though various clinical distinctions were proposed, none reliably dis- tinguished these syndromes. In 1829 in Paris, P. Ch. A. Louis separated typhoid from other fevers on the basis of intestinal lymph node and spleen pathology.2 He also described the clinical phenomena of rose spots, intestinal perforation, and hemorrhage. In the English literature, William Jenner in 1850 settled the question of whether typhus and typhoid were different diseases.3 He distinguished typhoid based on the pathologic evidence of enlargement of the Peyer’s patches and mesenteric lymph nodes. Jenner also noted that prior attacks of typhoid protected against subsequent attacks; this was not the case for typhus. In 1869, Wilson proposed the term enteric fever as an alterna- tive to typhoid fever, given the anatomic site of infection.4 Though enteric fever remains a more accurate term, the use of the term typhoid persists today. | ||
Revision as of 17:52, 22 August 2014
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Jolanta Marszalek, M.D. [2] João André Alves Silva, M.D. [3]
Overview
Historical Perspective
Salmonela was initially isolated from the intestines of pigs, by Salmon, an American veterinary pathologist. The bacteria was first associated with hog cholera by Theobald Smith in 1885. However, the disease was later discovered to be associated with a viral infection, with secondary infection due to Salmonella.