Restrictive cardiomyopathy

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List of terms related to Restrictive cardiomyopathy

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Synonyms and keywords: Infiltrative cardiomyopathy; RCM

Overview

Restrictive cardiomyopathy is the least common cardiomyopathy. It is called this because it restricts the heart from stretching and filling with blood properly. Rhythmicity and contractility of the heart may be normal, but the stiff walls of the heart chambers (atria and ventricles) keep them from adequately filling. So blood flow is reduced, and blood that would normally enter the heart is backed up in the circulatory system. In time, restrictive cardiomyopathy patients develop heart failure.

Causes

Life Threatening Causes

Life-threatening causes include conditions which may result in death or permanent disability within 24 hours if left untreated.

Common Causes

• Amyloidosis
• Chemotherapy
• Heart transplant
• Hemochromatosis
• Postirradiation fibrosis
• Sarcoidosis

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular	No underlying causes
Chemical/Poisoning	No underlying causes
Dental	No underlying causes
Dermatologic	No underlying causes
Drug Side Effect	No underlying causes
Ear Nose Throat	No underlying causes
Endocrine	No underlying causes
Environmental	No underlying causes
Gastroenterologic	No underlying causes
Genetic	No underlying causes
Hematologic	No underlying causes
Iatrogenic	No underlying causes
Infectious Disease	No underlying causes
Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic	No underlying causes
Neurologic	No underlying causes
Nutritional/Metabolic	No underlying causes
Obstetric/Gynecologic	No underlying causes
Oncologic	No underlying causes
Ophthalmologic	No underlying causes
Overdose/Toxicity	No underlying causes
Psychiatric	No underlying causes
Pulmonary	No underlying causes
Renal/Electrolyte	No underlying causes
Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy	No underlying causes
Sexual	No underlying causes
Trauma	No underlying causes
Urologic	No underlying causes
Miscellaneous	No underlying causes

Causes in Alphabetical Order

• Alpha-L-iduronidase deficiency
• Amyloidosis
• Anderson-Fabry disease
• Anthracyclines
• Busulfan
• Carcinoid heart disease
• Carcinoid syndrome
• Carcinoid tumors
• Cardiac amyloidosis
• Chemotherapy
• Churg-Strauss syndrome
• Cystinosis
• Desminopathy
• Diabetes mellitus
• Drugs
• Endocardial fibroelastosis
• Endomyocardial fibrosis
• Ergotamine
• Fabry's disease
• Familial
• Fatty infiltration
• Gaucher's disease
• Generalized gangliosidosis GM1
• Glycogen storage disease
• Heart transplant
• Hemochromatosis
• Hurler syndrome
• Hydroxychloroquine
• Hypereosinophilic syndrome
• I-cell disease
• Idiopathic
• Loeffler's syndrome
• Lymphoma
• Malignancy
• Mercurial agents
• Metastatic cancers
• Methysergide
• Mucolipidosis II alpha/beta
• Mucopolysaccharidosis
• Noonan's syndrome
• Paraneoplastic syndrome
• Postirradiation fibrosis
• Pseudoxanthoma elasticum
• Radiation
• Reactive arthritis
• Sarcoidosis
• Sarcomeric protein mutations
• Scleroderma
• Serotonin
• Systemic sclerosis
• Werner's syndrome

Diagnosis

Electrocardiogram

Shown below is an example of restrictive cardiomyopathy with low voltage and flipped anterior T waves.

References

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