Ebola case definition: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Early recognition of Ebola virus disease (EVD) is critical for infection control. Health care providers should be alert for and evaluate any | Patients with epidemiologic risk factors who present with an elevated body temperature are suspected to have Ebola virus disease (EVD).<ref name=CDC1>{{cite web |url=http://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/hcp/case-definition.html |title=Case Definition for Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) | ||
|last1= |first1= |last2= |first2= |date=October 27 2014 |website=www.cdc.gov |publisher=Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) |accessdate=October 28 2014}} </ref> Confirmation is often made by laboratory diagnostic evidence.<ref name=CDC1>{{cite web |url=http://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/hcp/case-definition.html |title=Case Definition for Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) | |||
|last1= |first1= |last2= |first2= |date=October 27 2014 |website=www.cdc.gov |publisher=Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) |accessdate=October 28 2014}} </ref> Early recognition of Ebola virus disease (EVD) is critical for infection control. Health care providers should be alert for and evaluate any patient suspected of having EVD.<ref name=CDC1>{{cite web |url=http://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/hcp/case-definition.html |title=Case Definition for Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) | |||
|last1= |first1= |last2= |first2= |date=October 27 2014 |website=www.cdc.gov |publisher=Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) |accessdate=October 28 2014}} </ref> | |||
==Updated Case Definition== | ==Updated Case Definition== | ||
===Person Under Investigation (PUI)=== | ===Person Under Investigation (PUI)=== | ||
A person who has both consistent signs or symptoms and risk factors as follows: | A person who has both consistent signs or symptoms and risk factors as follows<ref name=CDC1>{{cite web |url=http://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/hcp/case-definition.html |title=Case Definition for Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) | ||
|last1= |first1= |last2= |first2= |date=October 27 2014 |website=www.cdc.gov |publisher=Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) |accessdate=October 28 2014}} </ref>: | |||
#Elevated body temperature or subjective fever or symptoms, including severe headache, fatigue, muscle pain, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, or unexplained hemorrhage | #Elevated body temperature or subjective fever or symptoms, including severe headache, fatigue, muscle pain, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, or unexplained hemorrhage | ||
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===Confirmed Cases=== | ===Confirmed Cases=== | ||
A PUI with laboratory-confirmed diagnostic evidence of Ebola virus infection. | A PUI with laboratory-confirmed diagnostic evidence of Ebola virus infection.<ref name=CDC1>{{cite web |url=http://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/hcp/case-definition.html |title=Case Definition for Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) | ||
*Early recognition is critical to controlling the spread of Ebola virus. Healthcare providers should evaluate the patient’s epidemiologic risk, including a history of travel to a country with widespread Ebola virus transmission or contact within the preceding 21 days with a person with Ebola while the person was symptomatic. | |last1= |first1= |last2= |first2= |date=October 27 2014 |website=www.cdc.gov |publisher=Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) |accessdate=October 28 2014}} </ref> | ||
*If a diagnosis of Ebola is being considered, the patient should be isolated in a single room (with a private bathroom), and healthcare personnel should followstandard, contact, and droplet precautions, including the use of appropriate [[personal protective equipment]] ([[PPE]]). Infection control personnel should be contacted immediately. | *Early recognition is critical to controlling the spread of Ebola virus. Healthcare providers should evaluate the patient’s epidemiologic risk, including a history of travel to a country with widespread Ebola virus transmission or contact within the preceding 21 days with a person with Ebola while the person was symptomatic.<ref name=CDC1>{{cite web |url=http://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/hcp/case-definition.html |title=Case Definition for Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) | ||
|last1= |first1= |last2= |first2= |date=October 27 2014 |website=www.cdc.gov |publisher=Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) |accessdate=October 28 2014}} </ref> | |||
*If a diagnosis of Ebola is being considered, the patient should be isolated in a single room (with a private bathroom), and healthcare personnel should followstandard, contact, and droplet precautions, including the use of appropriate [[personal protective equipment]] ([[PPE]]). Infection control personnel should be contacted immediately.<ref name=CDC1>{{cite web |url=http://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/hcp/case-definition.html |title=Case Definition for Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) | |||
|last1= |first1= |last2= |first2= |date=October 27 2014 |website=www.cdc.gov |publisher=Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) |accessdate=October 28 2014}} </ref> | |||
If Ebola is suspected, the local or state health department should be immediately contacted for consultation and to assess whether testing is indicated and the need for initiating identification of contacts. | If Ebola is suspected, the local or state health department should be immediately contacted for consultation and to assess whether testing is indicated and the need for initiating identification of contacts.<ref name=CDC1>{{cite web |url=http://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/hcp/case-definition.html |title=Case Definition for Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) | ||
|last1= |first1= |last2= |first2= |date=October 27 2014 |website=www.cdc.gov |publisher=Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) |accessdate=October 28 2014}} </ref> | |||
==Initial Case Definition== | ==Initial Case Definition== | ||
===Person Under Investigation (PUI)=== | ===Person Under Investigation (PUI)=== | ||
A person who has both consistent symptoms and risk factors as follows: | A person who has both consistent symptoms and risk factors as follows<ref name=CDC1>{{cite web |url=http://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/hcp/case-definition.html |title=Case Definition for Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) | ||
|last1= |first1= |last2= |first2= |date=October 27 2014 |website=www.cdc.gov |publisher=Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) |accessdate=October 28 2014}} </ref>: | |||
# Clinical criteria, which includes [[fever]] of greater than 38.6 degrees Celsius or 101.5 degrees Fahrenheit, and additional symptoms such as severe [[headache]], [[muscle pain]], [[vomiting]], [[diarrhea]], [[abdominal pain]], or unexplained [[hemorrhage]] | # Clinical criteria, which includes [[fever]] of greater than 38.6 degrees Celsius or 101.5 degrees Fahrenheit, and additional symptoms such as severe [[headache]], [[muscle pain]], [[vomiting]], [[diarrhea]], [[abdominal pain]], or unexplained [[hemorrhage]] | ||
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===Probable Case=== | ===Probable Case=== | ||
A PUI whose epidemiologic risk factors include high or low risk exposure(s) | A PUI whose epidemiologic risk factors include high or low risk exposure(s)<ref name=CDC1>{{cite web |url=http://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/hcp/case-definition.html |title=Case Definition for Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) | ||
|last1= |first1= |last2= |first2= |date=October 27 2014 |website=www.cdc.gov |publisher=Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) |accessdate=October 28 2014}} </ref> | |||
===Confirmed Case=== | ===Confirmed Case=== | ||
A case with laboratory-confirmed diagnostic evidence of Ebola virus infection | A case with laboratory-confirmed diagnostic evidence of Ebola virus infection<ref name=CDC1>{{cite web |url=http://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/hcp/case-definition.html |title=Case Definition for Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) | ||
|last1= |first1= |last2= |first2= |date=October 27 2014 |website=www.cdc.gov |publisher=Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) |accessdate=October 28 2014}} </ref> | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 13:28, 28 October 2014
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Rim Halaby, M.D. [2]; Yazan Daaboul, M.D.
Overview
Patients with epidemiologic risk factors who present with an elevated body temperature are suspected to have Ebola virus disease (EVD).[1] Confirmation is often made by laboratory diagnostic evidence.[1] Early recognition of Ebola virus disease (EVD) is critical for infection control. Health care providers should be alert for and evaluate any patient suspected of having EVD.[1]
Updated Case Definition
Person Under Investigation (PUI)
A person who has both consistent signs or symptoms and risk factors as follows[1]:
- Elevated body temperature or subjective fever or symptoms, including severe headache, fatigue, muscle pain, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, or unexplained hemorrhage
AND
- An epidemiologic risk factor within the 21 days before the onset of symptoms.
Confirmed Cases
A PUI with laboratory-confirmed diagnostic evidence of Ebola virus infection.[1]
- Early recognition is critical to controlling the spread of Ebola virus. Healthcare providers should evaluate the patient’s epidemiologic risk, including a history of travel to a country with widespread Ebola virus transmission or contact within the preceding 21 days with a person with Ebola while the person was symptomatic.[1]
- If a diagnosis of Ebola is being considered, the patient should be isolated in a single room (with a private bathroom), and healthcare personnel should followstandard, contact, and droplet precautions, including the use of appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE). Infection control personnel should be contacted immediately.[1]
If Ebola is suspected, the local or state health department should be immediately contacted for consultation and to assess whether testing is indicated and the need for initiating identification of contacts.[1]
Initial Case Definition
Person Under Investigation (PUI)
A person who has both consistent symptoms and risk factors as follows[1]:
- Clinical criteria, which includes fever of greater than 38.6 degrees Celsius or 101.5 degrees Fahrenheit, and additional symptoms such as severe headache, muscle pain, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, or unexplained hemorrhage
AND
- Epidemiologic risk factors within the past 21 days before the onset of symptoms, such as contact with blood or other body fluids or human remains of a patient known to have or suspected to have EVD; residence in or travel to an area where EVD transmission is active; or direct handling of bats or non-human primates from disease-endemic areas.
Probable Case
A PUI whose epidemiologic risk factors include high or low risk exposure(s)[1]
Confirmed Case
A case with laboratory-confirmed diagnostic evidence of Ebola virus infection[1]