Influenza epidemiology and demographics: Difference between revisions
Line 8: | Line 8: | ||
===Prevalence=== | ===Prevalence=== | ||
===Gender=== | ===Gender=== |
Revision as of 15:37, 28 October 2014
Influenza Microchapters |
Diagnosis |
---|
Treatment |
Case Studies |
Influenza epidemiology and demographics On the Web |
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Influenza epidemiology and demographics |
Risk calculators and risk factors for Influenza epidemiology and demographics |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [3]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Alejandro Lemor, M.D. [4]
Overview
Epidemiology and Demographics
Prevalence
Gender
- There is predominance in gender for influenza infection. However, pregnant women are at increased risk of having severe illness and possible complications.
Age
- Influenza viruses cause disease among persons in all age groups.
- Rates of infection are highest among children, but the risks for complications, hospitalizations, and deaths from influenza are higher among persons aged 65 years and older, young children, and persons of any age who have medical conditions that place them at increased risk for complications from influenza.
- During 1990--1999, estimated average rates of influenza-associated pulmonary and circulatory deaths per 100,000 persons were:[1]
- 0.4-0.6 among persons aged 0-49 years
- 7.5 among persons aged 50-64 years
- 98.3 among persons aged 65 years and older.
Mortality
Vaccination[2]
The following data represents the percentage of individuals who received influenza vaccine in the United States:
- 45.2% of children from 6 months to 17 years old received an influenza vaccination during the past 12 months.
- 26.3% of adults aged 18 to 49 years received an influenza vaccination during the past 12 months.
- 42.7% of adults aged 50 to 64 years received an influenza vaccination during the past 12 months.
- 66.5% of adults aged 65 years and over received an influenza vaccination during the past 12 months:
Influenza in the United States
National and Regional Summary of Select Surveillance Components
- The proportion of outpatient visits for influenza-like illness (ILI) was 1.4%, which is below the national baseline of 2.0%. One region reported ILI above their region-specific baseline level.
- Puerto Rico experienced high ILI activity; one state experienced low ILI activity; New York City and 49 states experienced minimal ILI activity and the District of Columbia had insufficient data.
- The geographic spread of influenza in Guam was reported as widespread; Puerto Rico and five states reported local activity; the U.S. Virgin Islands and 36 states reported sporadic activity; and the District of Columbia and nine states reported no influenza activity.
HHS Surveillance Regions | Out-patient ILI† | % positive for flu‡ | Number of jurisdictions reporting regional or widespread activity§ | 2009 H1N1 | Type A (H3) | Type A (Subtyping not performed) |
Type B | Pediatric Deaths |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nation | Normal | 4.8% | 1 of 54 | 7 | 267 | 405 | 392 | 1 |
Region 1 | Normal | 1.6% | 0 of 6 | 0 | 8 | 8 | 4 | 0 |
Region 2 | Elevated | 1.1% | 0 of 4 | 1 | 17 | 17 | 11 | 0 |
Region 3 | Normal | 1.7% | 0 of 6 | 0 | 16 | 16 | 69 | 0 |
Region 4 | Normal | 8.0% | 0 of 8 | 0 | 56 | 290 | 246 | 1 |
Region 5 | Normal | 2.1% | 0 of 6 | 3 | 28 | 15 | 12 | 0 |
Region 6 | Normal | 4.3% | 0 of 5 | 2 | 32 | 26 | 69 | 0 |
Region 7 | Normal | 1.9% | 0 of 4 | 0 | 12 | 15 | 9 | 0 |
Region 8 | Normal | 1.2% | 0 of 6 | 0 | 15 | 5 | 6 | 0 |
Region 9 | Normal | 3.2% | 1 of 5 | 1 | 27 | 27 | 19 | 0 |
Region 10 | Normal | 5.5% | 0 of 4 | 0 | 56 | 4 | 7 | 0 |
*HHS regions (Region 1 CT, ME, MA, NH, RI, VT; Region 2: NJ, NY, Puerto Rico, US Virgin Islands; Region 3: DE, DC, MD, PA, VA, WV; Region 4: AL, FL, GA, KY, MS, NC, SC, TN; Region 5: IL, IN, MI, MN, OH, WI; Region 6: AR, LA, NM, OK, TX; Region 7: IA, KS, MO, NE; Region 8: CO, MT, ND, SD, UT, WY; Region 9: AZ, CA, Guam, HI, NV; and Region 10: AK, ID, OR, WA). |