Influenza epidemiology and demographics: Difference between revisions

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Revision as of 15:41, 28 October 2014

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [3]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Alejandro Lemor, M.D. [4]

There is predominance in gender for influenza infection. However, pregnant women are at increased risk of having severe illness and possible complications.

Influenza viruses cause disease among persons in all age groups.
Rates of infection are highest among children, but the risks for complications, hospitalizations, and deaths from influenza are higher among persons aged 65 years and older, young children, and persons of any age who have medical conditions that place them at increased risk for complications from influenza.
During 1990--1999, estimated average rates of influenza-associated pulmonary and circulatory deaths per 100,000 persons were:^[1]

The following data represents the percentage of individuals who received influenza vaccine in the United States:

45.2% of children from 6 months to 17 years old received an influenza vaccination during the past 12 months.
26.3% of adults aged 18 to 49 years received an influenza vaccination during the past 12 months.
42.7% of adults aged 50 to 64 years received an influenza vaccination during the past 12 months.
66.5% of adults aged 65 years and over received an influenza vaccination during the past 12 months:

The proportion of outpatient visits for influenza-like illness (ILI) was 1.4%, which is below the national baseline of 2.0%. One region reported ILI above their region-specific baseline level.
Puerto Rico experienced high ILI activity; one state experienced low ILI activity; New York City and 49 states experienced minimal ILI activity and the District of Columbia had insufficient data.
The geographic spread of influenza in Guam was reported as widespread; Puerto Rico and five states reported local activity; the U.S. Virgin Islands and 36 states reported sporadic activity; and the District of Columbia and nine states reported no influenza activity.

**Data cumulative since September 28, 2014 (week 40) ^[3]**
HHS Surveillance Regions	Out-patient ILI^†	% positive for flu^‡	Number of jurisdictions reporting regional or widespread activity^§	2009 H1N1	Type A (H3)	Type A (Subtyping not performed)	Type B	Pediatric Deaths
Nation	Normal	4.8%	1 of 54	7	267	405	392	1
Region 1	Normal	1.6%	0 of 6	0	8	8	4	0
Region 2	Elevated	1.1%	0 of 4	1	17	17	11	0
Region 3	Normal	1.7%	0 of 6	0	16	16	69	0
Region 4	Normal	8.0%	0 of 8	0	56	290	246	1
Region 5	Normal	2.1%	0 of 6	3	28	15	12	0
Region 6	Normal	4.3%	0 of 5	2	32	26	69	0
Region 7	Normal	1.9%	0 of 4	0	12	15	9	0
Region 8	Normal	1.2%	0 of 6	0	15	5	6	0
Region 9	Normal	3.2%	1 of 5	1	27	27	19	0
Region 10	Normal	5.5%	0 of 4	0	56	4	7	0
*HHS regions (Region 1 CT, ME, MA, NH, RI, VT; Region 2: NJ, NY, Puerto Rico, US Virgin Islands; Region 3: DE, DC, MD, PA, VA, WV; Region 4: AL, FL, GA, KY, MS, NC, SC, TN; Region 5: IL, IN, MI, MN, OH, WI; Region 6: AR, LA, NM, OK, TX; Region 7: IA, KS, MO, NE; Region 8: CO, MT, ND, SD, UT, WY; Region 9: AZ, CA, Guam, HI, NV; and Region 10: AK, ID, OR, WA). † Elevated means the % of visits for Influenza-like illness (ILI) is at or above the national or region-specific baseline. ‡ National data are for current week; regional data are for the most recent three weeks. § Includes all 50 states, the District of Columbia, Guam, Puerto Rico, and U.S. Virgin Islands

Influenza affects approximately 5 to 10% of adults and 20 to 30% of children worldwide.
High risk groups such as infants, elderly, and patients with comorbidities, can result in hospitalization and death
WHO reports 3 to 5 million cases of severe influenza disease, with approximately 250 000 to 500 000 deaths.^[4]

@@ Line 88: / Line 88: @@
 ==Worldwide Influenza==
-*Influenza affects approximately 5 to 10% of adults and 20 to 30% of children worlwide.
+*Influenza affects approximately 5 to 10% of adults and 20 to 30% of children worldwide.
-High risk groups such as infants, elderly, and patients with comorbidities, can result in hospitalization and death
+*High risk groups such as infants, elderly, and patients with comorbidities, can result in hospitalization and death
-*WHO reports 3 to 5 million cases of severe influenza disease, with aproximately 250 000 to 500 000 deaths.<ref> {{cite web|url=http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs211/en/| title=WHO Influenza Fact Sheets}}</ref>
+*WHO reports 3 to 5 million cases of severe influenza disease, with approximately 250 000 to 500 000 deaths.<ref> {{cite web|url=http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs211/en/| title=WHO Influenza Fact Sheets}}</ref>
 ==References==