Tachycardia causes

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor-In-Chief: M.Umer Tariq [2]

Overview

Tachycardia can be caused by a wide variety of factors. The most common cause is orthostatic hypotension. Other common causes of tachycardia include endocrine disorders, disorders involving the heart, and situations which cause an excess of catecholamines in the body such as fever and exercise. Various medications and illicit drugs can also cause tachycardia.

Causes

Common Causes

• Orthostatic hypotension
• Fever
• Hyperventilation
• Infection
• Endocrine disorders
• Hyperthyroidism

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular	Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia, AV Nodal Reentrant Tachycardia, AV-dissociation, Bradycardia-tachycardia syndrome, Cardiac amyloidosis, Cardiac arrhythmia, Cardiac tamponade, Cardiogenic shock, Congestive Heart Failure, Ebstein's Anomaly of the Tricuspid Valve, Inappropriate Sinus Tachycardia, Inferior vena cava syndrome, Multifocal atrial tachycardia, Nonparoxysmal Junctional Tachycardia, Paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia, Polymorphic ventricular tachycardia, Premature ventricular contractions, Pulseless ventricular tachycardia, Torsade de pointes, Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome
Chemical / poisoning	3-Quinuclidinyl benzilate, Arsenic Poisoning, Bothrops, Caffeine, Carbon monoxide poisoning, Cardiac effects of insect bites, Hydroxyethyl starch, Mercury poisoning, Methadone withdrawl, Scombroid
Dermatologic	No underlying causes
Drug Side Effect	Amlodipine, Amphetamine, Anticholinergic, Antipsychotic, Atropine, Abciximab (patient information), Benzatropine, Biperiden, Bupropion, Caspofungin, Clofarabine, Clomipramine, Clonidine, Daptomycin, Desflurane, Desoxyn, Diethylcathinone, Diflunisal, Digoxin, Diltiazem, Dimenhydrinate, Diphenhydramine, Doxapram, Doxepin, Ephedrine, Epinephrine, Ethcathinone, Formoterol, Hyoscyamine, Iloprost, Imipramine, Indomethacin, Isoproterenol, Isosorbide mononitrate, Leflunomide, Levomepromazine, Levomethamphetamine, Levosimendan, Levothyroxine, Lomotil, Maprotiline, Methcathinone, Methylphenidate, Metoclopramide, Milnacipran, Minoxidil, Modafinil, Motofen, Nalbuphine, Nalmefene, Nialamide, Neuromuscular-blocking drugs, Olanzapine, Opioid, Oxcarbazepine, Paliperidone, Papaverine, Pentamidine Isethionate, Phentermine, Pipradrol, Procainamide (patient information), Procyclidine hydrochloride, Promethazine, Propantheline, Pseudoephedrine, Rizatriptan, Sumatriptan, Terbutaline, Tizanidine, Trazodone, Tuaminoheptane, Vardenafil, Zopiclone withdrawl
Ear Nose Throat	No underlying causes
Endocrine	Graves' Disease, Toxic multinodular goitre
Environmental	No underlying causes
Gastroenterologic	Accessory pancreas, Gastroenteritis, Megacolon, Peritonitis, Retroperitoneal hematoma, Ulcerative colitis
Genetic	Brugada syndrome, Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia, Costello syndrome
Hematologic	Ruptured spleen, Sickle-cell disease
Iatrogenic	Blood transfusion
Infectious Disease	Clostridium Difficile, Cotton fever, Ebola, Lassa fever, Malaria, Scarlet fever, Tuberculosis
Musculoskeletal / Ortho	No underlying causes
Neurologic	Autonomic neuropathy, Dysautonomia
Nutritional / Metabolic	Adams Nance syndrome, Acute Porphyria, Beriberi Heart Disease, Betel nut, Foods containing tyramine, Hypoglycemia, Hypomagnesemia, Metabolic acidosis
Obstetric/Gynecologic	Aortocaval compression syndrome, Fetal distress, Omphalitis
Oncologic	Insulinoma
Opthalmologic	No underlying causes
Overdose / Toxicity	Aconitum, Benzylpiperazine, Bupropion, Cocaine, Diflunisal, Imipramine, Lomotil, Long-term effects of alcohol, Procainamide, Procyclidine hydrochloride, Xanthine
Psychiatric	No underlying causes
Pulmonary	Acute Chest Syndrome, Asthma, Community-acquired pneumonia, Hemothorax
Renal / Electrolyte	No underlying causes
Rheum / Immune / Allergy	Kawasaki disease
Sexual	No underlying causes
Trauma	Commotio cordis
Urologic	No underlying causes
Miscellaneous	Chronic fatigue syndrome, Dipping tobacco, Hyperthermia, Malignant hyperthermia, Pheochromocytoma, Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome

Causes in Alphabetical Order

• 3-Quinuclidinyl benzilate
• Abciximab (patient information)
• Accessory pancreas
• Aconitum
• Acute Chest Syndrome
• Acute Porphyria
• Adams Nance syndrome
• Alcohol Withdrawal
• Amanita phalloides
• Amlodipine
• Amphetamine
• Anticholinergic
• Antipsychotic
• Aortocaval compression syndrome
• Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia
• Arsenic Poisoning
• Ashman phenomenon
• Asthma
• Atropine
• Autonomic neuropathy
• AV Nodal Reentrant Tachycardia
• AV-dissociation
• AVNRT
• Benzatropine
• Benzylpiperazine
• Beriberi Heart Disease
• Betel nut
• Biperiden
• Blood transfusion
• Bothrops
• Bradycardia-tachycardia syndrome
• Brugada syndrome
• Bupropion
• Caffeine
• Carbon monoxide poisoning
• Cardiac amyloidosis
• Cardiac arrhythmia
• Cardiac effects of insect bites
• Cardiac tamponade
• Cardiogenic shock
• Cardiovascular Effects of Cocaine
• Caspofungin
• Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia
• Chlorprothixene
• Chronic fatigue syndrome
• Clofarabine
• Clomipramine
• Clonidine
• Clostridium Difficile
• Commotio cordis
• Community-acquired pneumonia
• Congestive Heart Failure
• Costello syndrome
• Cotton fever
• Daptomycin
• Desflurane
• Desoxyn
• Diethylcathinone
• Diflunisal
• Digoxin
• Diltiazem
• Dimenhydrinate
• Diphenhydramine
• Dipping tobacco
• Dosulepin hydrochloride
• Doxapram
• Doxepin
• Dysautonomia
• Ebola
• Ebstein's Anomaly of the Tricuspid Valve
• Ephedrine
• Epinephrine
• Ethcathinone
• Fetal distress
• Foods containing tyramine
• Gastroenteritis
• Graves' Disease
• Hemothorax
• Hydroxyethyl starch
• Hyperthermia
• Hyperthyroidism

• Hypoglycemia
• Hypomagnesemia
• Iloprost
• Imipramine
• Inappropriate Sinus Tachycardia
• Inferior vena cava syndrome
• Insulinoma
• Isoproterenol
• Isosorbide mononitrate
• Kawasaki disease
• Lassa fever
• Levomepromazine
• Levomethamphetamine
• Levosimendan
• Lomotil
• Long-term effects of alcohol
• Malaria
• Malignant hyperthermia
• Maprotiline
• Megacolon
• Mercury poisoning
• Metabolic acidosis
• Methadone withdrawl
• Methcathinone
• Methylphenidate
• Metoclopramide
• Milnacipran
• Minoxidil
• Modafinil
• Motofen
• Multifocal atrial tachycardia
• Nalbuphine
• Nalmefene
• Neuromuscular-blocking drugs
• Nialamide
• Nonparoxysmal Junctional Tachycardia
• Olanzapine
• Omphalitis
• Opioid
• Paliperidone
• Palytoxin
• Papaverine
• Paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia
• Peritonitis
• Phentermine
• Pheochromocytoma
• Pipradrol
• Polymorphic ventricular tachycardia
• Porphyria
• Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome
• Premature ventricular contractions
• Procainamide (patient information)
• Procyclidine hydrochloride
• Propantheline
• Pseudoephedrine
• Pulseless ventricular tachycardia
• Retroperitoneal hematoma
• Ruptured spleen
• Scarlet fever
• Scombroid
• Scopolamine
• Sepsis
• Serotonin syndrome
• Sick sinus syndrome
• Sickle-cell disease
• Sumatriptan
• Supraventricular Tachycardias
• Terbutaline
• Tizanidine
• Torsade de pointes
• Toxic multinodular goitre
• Toxidrome
• Trazodone
• Tuaminoheptane
• Tuberculosis
• Ulcerative colitis
• Vardenafil
• White coat hypertension
• Wide Complex Tachycardias
• Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome
• Xanthine
• Zopiclone withdrawl

References

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