Meningococcemia history and symptoms: Difference between revisions
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==History and Symptoms== | ==History and Symptoms== | ||
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|[[File:Meningitis.png|thumb|center|500px| <SMALL><SMALL> ''[(http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Symptoms_of_Meningitis.svg)]''<ref>{{Cite web | title = | |[[File:Meningitis.png|thumb|center|500px| <SMALL><SMALL> ''[(http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Symptoms_of_Meningitis.svg)]''<ref>{{Cite web | title =Wikimedia Commons Symptoms of Meningitis | url = http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Symptoms_of_Meningitis.svg}}</ref></SMALL></SMALL>]] | ||
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The following are some of the symptoms found in meningococcus infection. Not all of these symptoms will appear, and not necessarily in this order. Every child with purpuric [[rash]] and high [[fever]] should be treated as meningococcemia - until proven otherwise. | The following are some of the symptoms found in meningococcus infection. Not all of these symptoms will appear, and not necessarily in this order. Every child with purpuric [[rash]] and high [[fever]] should be treated as meningococcemia - until proven otherwise. | ||
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*Meningeal infection is similar to other forms of acute purulent [[meningitis]], with sudden onset of [[fever]], [[headache]], and [[stiff neck]], often accompanied by other symptoms, such as [[nausea]], [[vomiting]], [[photophobia]] (eye sensitivity to light), and [[altered mental status]]. Meningococci can be isolated from the blood in up to 75% of persons with [[meningitis]]. | *Meningeal infection is similar to other forms of acute purulent [[meningitis]], with sudden onset of [[fever]], [[headache]], and [[stiff neck]], often accompanied by other symptoms, such as [[nausea]], [[vomiting]], [[photophobia]] (eye sensitivity to light), and [[altered mental status]]. Meningococci can be isolated from the blood in up to 75% of persons with [[meningitis]]. | ||
*Meningococcal [[sepsis]] (bloodstream [[infection]] or meningococcemia) occurs without [[meningitis]] in 5% to 20% of invasive meningococcal [[infections]]. This condition is characterized by abrupt onset of [[fever]] and a petechial or purpuric [[rash]], often associated with [[hypotension]], [[shock]], acute adrenal hemorrhage, and [[multiorgan failure]]. | *Meningococcal [[sepsis]] (bloodstream [[infection]] or meningococcemia) occurs without [[meningitis]] in 5% to 20% of invasive meningococcal [[infections]]. This condition is characterized by abrupt onset of [[fever]] and a petechial or purpuric [[rash]], often associated with [[hypotension]], [[shock]], acute adrenal hemorrhage, and [[multiorgan failure]]. | ||
*Less common presentations of meningococcal disease include [[pneumonia]] (5% to 15% of cases), [[arthritis]] (2%), [[otitis media]] (1%), and [[epiglottitis]] (less than 1%).<ref>{{cite web | title = | *Less common presentations of meningococcal disease include [[pneumonia]] (5% to 15% of cases), [[arthritis]] (2%), [[otitis media]] (1%), and [[epiglottitis]] (less than 1%).<ref>{{cite web | title = CDC Meningococcal Diagnosis and Treatment| url=http://www.cdc.gov/meningococcal/about/diagnosis-treatment.html}}</ref> | ||
[[File:Clinical manifestations.png|thumb|center|500px| <SMALL><SMALL> ''[(http://www.cdc.gov/meningococcal/)]''<ref>{{Cite web | title = | [[File:Clinical manifestations.png|thumb|center|500px| <SMALL><SMALL> ''[(http://www.cdc.gov/meningococcal/)]''<ref>{{Cite web | title =CDC Meningococcal Disease| url = http://www.cdc.gov/meningococcal/}}</ref></SMALL></SMALL>]] | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 17:09, 26 November 2014
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Meningococcemia Microchapters |
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Meningococcemia history and symptoms On the Web |
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief: Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [2]; Ammu Susheela, M.D. [3]
Overview
Every child with purpuric rash and high fever should be treated as meningococcemia until proven otherwise. The history suggest patient with high fever, rash, headache, myalgia and stiff neck.
History and Symptoms
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The following are some of the symptoms found in meningococcus infection. Not all of these symptoms will appear, and not necessarily in this order. Every child with purpuric rash and high fever should be treated as meningococcemia - until proven otherwise.
- Headache, confusion, and stiff neck occurred as symptoms in less than half of 53 patient in one series by Carpenter and Petersdorf.
- High fever
- Mental status changes
- Nausea and vomiting
- Patient may complain of significant myalgias.
- Rash, pinpoint red spots (petechiae)
- Sensitivity to light (photophobia)
- Severe headache
- Severe malaise
- Stiff neck
- Meningitis is the most common presentation of invasive meningococcal disease and results from hematogenous dissemination of the organism.
- Meningeal infection is similar to other forms of acute purulent meningitis, with sudden onset of fever, headache, and stiff neck, often accompanied by other symptoms, such as nausea, vomiting, photophobia (eye sensitivity to light), and altered mental status. Meningococci can be isolated from the blood in up to 75% of persons with meningitis.
- Meningococcal sepsis (bloodstream infection or meningococcemia) occurs without meningitis in 5% to 20% of invasive meningococcal infections. This condition is characterized by abrupt onset of fever and a petechial or purpuric rash, often associated with hypotension, shock, acute adrenal hemorrhage, and multiorgan failure.
- Less common presentations of meningococcal disease include pneumonia (5% to 15% of cases), arthritis (2%), otitis media (1%), and epiglottitis (less than 1%).[2]
